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In these lecture slides, following are the main points that have been discussed : Mechanical Model, Internal Architecture, Representation, Structures, Reconstruction, Motions, Rocks, Regional Deformation, Mountain Belts, Submicroscopic
Typology: Slides
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The branch of geology that deals with:
Form, arrangement and internal architecture of rocks
Description, representation, and analysis of structures from the small to moderate scale
Reconstruction of the motions of rocks
Structural geology provides information about the
conditions during regional deformation using
structures Docsity.com
Original Horizontality (Steno)
Uniformitarianism (James Hutton)
Tectonics : Study of the origin and geologic
evolution (history of motion and deformation) of
large areas (regional to global) of the Earth’s
lithosphere (e.g., origin of continents; building of
mountain belts; formation of ocean floor)
Structural Geology : Study of deformation in
rocks at scales ranging from submicroscopic to
regional (micro-, meso-, and macro-scale)
A geologist who:
Studies deformation of rock and Earth’s crust
Identifies and interprets geological structures and their tectonic implications
We use geometric, mechanical, and kinematic models to understand deformation on all scales (micro, meso, macro)
Geometric model: 3D interpretation of the distribution and orientation of features within the earth crust
Kinematic model: Specific history of motion that could have carried the system from an undeformed to its deformed state (or from one configuration to another)
Plate tectonic model is a kinematic model
Descriptive :
Recognize, describe structures by measuring their locations, geometries and orientations Break a structure into structural elements - physical & geometric
Kinematic:
Interprets deformational movements that formed the structures
Dynamic :
Interprets forces and stresses from interpreted deformational movements of structures
Changes in the original orientation, location, shape and volume of a rock body ( Deformation : changes in shape, position, and/or orientation of a body)
Physical and chemical forces that deform rocks
Geologic structures that form to accommodate changes
Stress - Force applied over an area
Strain - Observable deformation in the rock
Brittle deformation – e.g., fault: the result of rapidly applied high stress which "break the rock"
Ductile deformation – e.g., fold: the result of slowly applied, constant, low stress which "bend the rock"
