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Detailed information about the three main types of joint classifications (fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial), their characteristics, and examples. It also covers various massage techniques, their effects, and their applications in treating different conditions. Useful for understanding the human body's anatomy and physiology, particularly in relation to joints and massage therapy.
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What are the 3 main joint classifications? - \Fiborous, Cartiligeneous, Synovial What is a fiborous joint? - \bones joined by fiborous tissue, with no joint cavity present. Allow for very little movement. Ex: Cranial sutures, teeth and their sockets, tibiofibular joint What is a cartiligeneous joint? - \a type of joint where the bones are entirely joined by cartilage These joints generally allow more movement than fibrous joints but less movement than synovial joints. Ex: The pubic symphysis. Intervertebral discs What is a synovial joint? - \Prevents friction between the articulating bones of the joint cavity. Types of synovial joints - \plane, hinge, pivot, condyloid, saddle, ball and socket Plane joint - \short slipping or gliding movements; i.e. carpals pivot joint - \rotating bone turns around an axis. Allow for limited rotating movements. i.e. elbow. neck joints. Condloid Joint/ ellipsoid joint - \Allow all types of movement except pivotal movements. (knee, wrist). sadle joint - \thumb bone ball and socket joint - \allow backward, forward, sideways, and rotating movements (shoulders and hips). hinge joint -
\such as in the fingers, knees, elbows, and toes, allow only bending and straightening movements. Spinous processes extend which direction? - \Dorsally (Inferiorly) Lomi Lomi Massage - \Polynesia method of kneading massage using fluid methods that mimic the ocean. Myofascial release - \massage that releases tightness and pain. Also known as trigger point therapy or deep tissue. Where is the stomach located? - \The upper left quadrant of the abdomin. Lymphatic dranage massage stimulates increased lymph circulation directed - \proximally What is a herniated disc? - \a fragment of the disc nucleus that is pushed out of the annulus, into the spinal canal through a tear or rupture in the annulus hiatal hernia - \abdominal organs slip through the diaphragm into the chest Inguenial hernia - \When fatty tissue or a small loop of the intestine bulges out through the inguinal canal into the groin. Inscisional hernia - \A hernia that protrudes through an older surgery incision. Epigastric hernia - \causes fat to push through a weakened area in the walls of the abdomen. Spigelian hernia - \an abdominal wall hernia occurring in the upper abdominal region Perineal hernia - \The hernia may contain fluid, fat, any part of the intestine, the rectum, or the bladder. Appears as sudden swelling of the anus.
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Ex: Change in local tissue temperature. Decrease in tissue adhesion due to application of cross friction fiber. Systemic effect - \causes changes throughout the entire body. Ex: causes changes in body chemistry due to relaxation. Rate of organ function. Decreased pain sensitivity. end feel - \quality of the sensation the therapist feels by passively moving a joint to the full extent of its possible range hard end feel - \bone against bone feeling. An abrupt, painless limitation to further movemtn that happens at the normal range of motion. Such as knee or elbow extension. soft end feel - \painless, cushioned limitation where soft tissue prevents further movement. Example: when the calf and hamstrings meet during knee flexion. springy end feel - \The most common. limitation is caused by the stretch of fibrous tissue as the joint reaches the extent of its range of motion. Ex: hip flexion or extension. Passive range of motion - \you are being worked on or manipulated rather than iniating or actively participating in movement yourself. resistive (isometric) range of motion - \you actively work against a =n applied force active range of motion (active assesment) - \a person moves its own body parts through their full range of motion. Reflexive effect (indirect effects) - \Type of physiological effect that occurs due to an involunary response caused by stimulating the nervous system. Ex: Decrease in blood pressure or heart rate
Change in hormone levels or body chemistry due to the relaxation response. Increased digestion from stimulating the parasympathetic response. physiological effect - \Physical and observable change in the body's structure of function. Ex: Reduced adhesions due to scar tissue. Improved circulation caused by Swedish massage. Vasoconstriction, which is a physiological effect of cold. mechanical effect - \Having a physical effect. the actual physical contact caused by the pressure applied on the body. Direct physical application of techniques. Ex: Breaking up scar tissue. Moving lymphatic fluid. Using myofascial release techniques. Loosening chest congestion What's the best way to help a client whos neck leans in a lateral flexion position? - \Turn the head to the same side and stretch the SCM Ischemia - \Inadequate blood supply to a part of the body. Lack of oxygen entering the tissue, which may result in necrosis. Action of the gracillias - \flexes the knee, adducts the thigh, and medially rotate the tibia on the femur. Order of the cranial nerves - \Olfactory nerve Optic nerve Oculomotor nerve Trochlear nerve Trigeminal nerve Abducens nerve Facial nerve Vestibulocochlear nerve Glossopharyngeal nerve Vagus nerve Accessory nerve Hypoglossal nerve Pain felt at the tibiofemoral joint upon flexion may involve which muscle? - \Gastrocnemius What is a subpoena duces tecum? - \subpoena for production of evidence