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Multisets, a non-Cantorian set concept where elements can repeat, and discusses their cardinality. The document also covers multiset representations and provides examples of finding prime factors and their multiplicities, as well as the application of multisets in software engineering with a programming example.
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A multiset (mset, for short) is an unordered collection of
objects (called the elements) in which, unlike a standard
(Cantorian) set, elements are allowed to repeat. In other
words, an mset is a set to which elements may belong more
than once, and hence it is a non-Cantorian set.
The number of distinct elements in an mset M (which need
not be finite) and their multiplicities jointly determine its
cardinality, denoted by C(M). In other words, the cardinality
of an mset is the sum of multiplicities of all its elements.
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