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Maternity |and |Pediatric |Nursing |Final |
Jersey |College |exam |questions |with |
answers
The |newborn |or |neonatal |period |of |infancy |is |defined |as |- | CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔The |period |from |birth |until | 28 |days |of |age. Infancy |is |defined |as |the |period |from |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS | ✔✔Birth |to | 12 |months |of |age Growth |refers |to |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔An |increase |in |physical | size Development |refers |to |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔The |sequential | process |by |which |infants |and |children |gain |various |skills |and | functions Maturation |refers |to |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔An |increase |in | functionality |of |various |body |systems |or |developmental |skills When |assessing |the |growth |and |development |of |a |premature | infant |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔Use |the |infants |adjusted |age |to | determine |expected |outcomes. |To |determine |adjusted |age, |subtract |
the |number |of |weeks |at |the |infant |was |premature |from |the |infant | chronological |age. The |average |newborn |weighs |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔3.4 |kg, |or | 7.5 |pounds. Newborns |may |expect |to |lose |- |percentage |of |their |body |weight | over |the |first |week |of |life |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔5% |to |10% The |average |newborn |gains- |Grams |a |day |for |the |first | 10 |days |- | CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔About | 20 |to | 30 |g |a |day. The |newborn |regains |his |or |her |birthweight |by |- |CORRECT | ANSWERS |✔✔ 7 |to | 10 |days |of |age Most |infants |double |their |birth |weight |by |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔ 4 |to | 5 |months |of |age Most |infants |triple |their |birth |weight |by |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS | ✔✔One |years |old The |average |length |of |a |newborn |is |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔ 50 | cm |or | 20 |inches
States |of |consciousness |in |infants; |alert |state |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS | ✔✔The |infants |eyes |are |open, |body |movements |occur States |of |consciousness |in |infants; |crying |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS | ✔✔The |infant |cries |or |screams |and |is |difficult |to |gain |the |infants | attention. At |six |months |of |age |the |infants |brain |weighs |- |that |of |an |adult | brain |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔Half At | 12 |months |of |age |and |infants |brain |weighs |- |CORRECT | ANSWERS |✔✔2.5 |times |what |it |was |at |birth The |anterior |fontanelle |remains |open |until |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS | ✔✔ 12 |to | 18 |months |of |age Myelination |of |the |spinal |cord |and |nerves |continues |over |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔The |first |two |years The |Babinski |reflex |disappears |around |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS | ✔✔One |year |of |age
With |the |exception |of |the |Babinski |reflex, |the |other |newborn | reflexive |disappear |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔Over |the |first |few | months The |respiratory |rate |for |a |newborn |is |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔ 30 |to | 60 |breaths |per |minute The |respiratory |rate |for |a |one-year-old |is |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS | ✔✔ 20 |to | 30 |breaths |per |minute The |respiratory |system |does |not |reach |adult |levels |until |about |- | CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔Seven |years |of |age The |lack |of |- |in |the |mucosal |lining |of |the |upper |respiratory |tract | contributes |to |the |frequent |infections |that |occur |in |infancy |- | CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔Immuno |globin |A |(IgA) The |heart |- |in |size |over |the |first |year |of |life |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS | ✔✔Doubles The |average |pulse |rate |of |a |newborn |is |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS | ✔✔ 120 |to | 1 | 40 |bpm
A |newborn |small |intestine |is |about |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔ 270 | cm |long A |newborns |stomach |size |is |relatively |small |and |capable |of |holding | about |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔.5 |to | 1 |ounce By |the |year |of |one |age |the |stomach |can |accommodate |- |CORRECT | ANSWERS |✔✔Three |full |meals |and |several |snacks |per |day In |the |newborn |duodenum |three |enzymes |are |important |for | digestion |they |are |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔Trypsin, |amylase, |and | lipase Amylase |and |lipase |are |deficient |in |the |infant |until |about |- | CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔Five |months |of |age In |the |first |few |days |of |life |infant |stool |changes |to |- |CORRECT | ANSWERS |✔✔Yellowish |or |tan A |formula |fed |infant |has |stools |the |consistency |of |- |CORRECT | ANSWERS |✔✔Peanut |butter
A |breast-fed |infants |has |stools |the |consistency |of |- |CORRECT | ANSWERS |✔✔Looser |and |texture |and |seedy Newborns |may |have |as |many |as |- |two |- |stools |per |day |or |as |few | as |- |stool |every |day |or |two. |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔ 8 |to |10, |or | one True |or |false; |young |infants |often |grunt, |strain, |or |cry |while | attempting |to |have |a |bowel |movement. |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS | ✔✔True Because |the |total |body |water |is |a |greater |percentage |of |weight | than |that |of |an |adult |the |infant |is |more |susceptible |to |- |CORRECT | ANSWERS |✔✔Dehydration True |or |false; |darker |skinned |races |tend |to |have |more |lanugo | present |at |birth |than |those |with |light |skin |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS | ✔✔True During |the |last |- |months |of |gestation, |maternal |iron |stores |are | transferred |to |the |fetus |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔Three Infants |iron |stores |may |be |sufficient |for |the |first |- |to |- |months |of | life |but |will |become |depleted |if |iron |supplementation |does |not | occur |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔ 6 |to | 9
By |-months |the |infant |knows |he |or |she |is |separate |from |the | parent |or |caregiver |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔ 12 |months By |- |months |of |age, |infants |can |recognize |themselves |in |the | mirror |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔ 12 |months By | 12 |months |of |age |the |infant |will |explore |objects |in |different | ways |such |as |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔Throwing, |banging, |dropping, |and |shaking Infants |may |imitate |gestures |and |know |how |to |use |certain |objects | correctly |such |as |putting |phone |to |ear, |turn |cup |to |drink, |attempts | to |comb |hair |by |- |months |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔ 12 |months Usually |around |- |age |the |infant |can |walk |independently |- |CORRECT | ANSWERS |✔✔One |year Warning |signs |that |may |indicate |problems |in |the |newborn |or | infant |with |motor |development |include |the |following |- |CORRECT | ANSWERS |✔✔Stiff |arms |and |legs, |floppy |arms |or |legs, |child |cannot | support |head |by | 3 |to | 4 |months |of |age, |child |reaches |with |only | one |hand, |child |cannot |sit |with |assistance |at |six |months |of |age, | child |does |not |crawl |by | 12 |months |of |age, |child |cannot |stand | supported |by | 12 |months |of |age.
The |new |newborn |prefers |to |view |objects |at |a |distance |of |- |to |dash, |making |them |-. |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔ 20 |to | 38 |cm |or | 8 |to | 15 | inches, |nearsighted. The |ability |to |fuse |two |ocular |images |into |one |cerebral |picture |is | referred |to |as |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔Binocularity Binocularity |begins |to |develop |at |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔Six |weeks |of |age, |and |as |well |established |by |four |months |of |age. Full |color |vision, |distance |vision, |and |the |ability |to |track |objects | develops |by |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔Seven |months |of |age True |or |false; |a |newborns |hearing |is |intact |at |birth |and |as |acute |as | that |of |an |adult |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔True The |basic |reason |for |crying |is |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔Needs | unmet At |- |to |- |months |of |age |the |infant |makes |simple |vowel |sounds, | laughs |outloud, |performs |raspberries, |and |vocalizes |in |response |to | voices |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔ 4 |to | 5 |months
Mobile |with |contrasting |colors, |unbreakable |mirror, |soft |music, |soft | brightly |colored |toys |are |acceptable |for |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS | ✔✔Newborns |to |one |month Bright |mobile, |unbreakable |mirror, |rattles, |singing |by |the |parent, | high |contrast |pattern |in |books |or |images |are |suitable |for |- | CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔ 1 |to | 4 |months |old Fabric |board |books, |different |types |of |music, |easy |to |hold |toys |that | do |things |to |make |noise, |floating |squirting |bath |toys, |soft |dolls |or | animals |are |suitable |for |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔ 4 |to | 7 |months |old Plastic |cups |bowls |buckets, |unbreakable |mirror, |Large |building | blocks, |stacking |toys, |busy |boxes, |balls, |dolls, |board |books |with | large |pictures, |toy |telephone, |push |toys |are |suitable |for |- |CORRECT | ANSWERS |✔✔ 8 |to | 12 |months |old The |distance |between |crib |slats |should |be |no |wider |than |- |to | prevent |injury |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔Soda |can Examples |of |foods |which |are |choking |hazards |are |- |CORRECT | ANSWERS |✔✔Popcorn, |nuts, |carrot |slices, |grapes, |and |hotdog | pieces
Ethnic |groups |which |tend |to |be |lactose |intolerant |include |- | CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔Blacks, |Native |Americans, |and |Asians Newborns |require |- |to |- |calories |per |day |per |kg |- |CORRECT | ANSWERS |✔✔105- Newborns |require |- |to |- |milliliters |of |fluid |per |kilogram |per |day |- | CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔140-1 | 60 After |delivery |of |the |placenta, |levels |of |- |dropped |dramatically |which |stimulates |the |anterior |pituitary |to |produce |prolactin |- |CORRECT | ANSWERS |✔✔Progesterone
- |Stimulates |the |production |of |milk |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS | ✔✔Prolactin By |six |months |of |age |babies |feed |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔Four |or | five |times |per |day After |- |months |of |age |and |then |usually |require |the |nutrients | available |in |solid |foods |in |addition |to |breastmilk |or |formula |- | CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔Six |months
Colic |is |defined |as |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔Inconsolable |crying | that |last |three |hours |or |longer |per |day Typically |colic |resolves |itself |by |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔Three | months |of |age Three |months |of |age |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔ Newborns |receive |large |amounts |of |- |through |mother's |placenta |- | CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔IgG By | 12 |months |pf |age |infants |acquire |approximately |-% |of |adult |IgG | level |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔ 60 |% First |stage |of |Jean |Piaget's |theory |of |cognitive |development |- | CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔Sensorimotor Four |substages |within |sensorimotor |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS | ✔✔reflexes primary |circular |reactions secondary |circular |reactions coordination |of |secondary |schemes
age |of |substage | 1 |(use |of |reflexes) |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔birth- | 1 |month age |of |substage | 2 |(primary |circular |reactions) |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS | ✔✔1-4 |months age |of |substage | 3 |(secondary |circular |reactions) |- |CORRECT | ANSWERS |✔✔4-8 |months age |of |substage | 4 |coordination |of |secondary |schemes |- |CORRECT | ANSWERS |✔✔8-12 |months object |permanence |begins |to |develop |at |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔4- 7 |months |and |is |solidified |by | 8 |months by |age |- |months, |the |infant |knows |they |are |separate |from |parent | or |caregiver |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔ 12 |months a | 12 |month |old |will |explore |objects |in |ways |such |as; |- |CORRECT | ANSWERS |✔✔throwing, |banging, |dropping, |shaking, |imitates | gestures |(holding |phone |to |head, |drinks |from |cup, |combs |hair) gross |motor |develops |in |- |fashion |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS | ✔✔cephalocaudal
Warning |signs |that |may |indicate |problems |in |language |development |in |infants; |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔infant |does |not |make |sounds | at | 4 |months, |infant |does |not |laugh |or |squeal |by | 6 |months, |infant | does |not |babble |by | 8 |months, |infant |does |not |use |single |words | with |meaning |(mama, |dada) Infants |exhibit |a |real |smile |at |- |months |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔ 2 Around |the |age |of |- |months |infants |may |develop |stranger |anxiety |- | CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔ 8 Warning |signs |of |possible |problems |with |social/emotional | development |of |the |infant; |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔child |does |not | smile |at |people |by | 3 |months, |child |refuses |to |cuddle, |child |does |not |seem |to |enjoy |people, |child |shows |no |interest |in |peek-a-boo |at | 8 | months Temperament |is |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔an |individuals |nature; |it | is |the |child's |inborn |traits |that |determine |how |he, |interacts |with | the |world. Anticipatory |guidance |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔educating |parents | and |caregivers |about |what |to |expect |in |the |next |phase |of | development
Age |appropriate |toys |for |newborn |to | 1 |month |- |CORRECT | ANSWERS |✔✔mobile |with |contrasting |colors |or |patterns, | unbreakable |mirror, |soft |music, |soft, |brightly |colored |toys Age |appropriate |toys |for |1-4 |months |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔bright |mobile, |unbreakable |mirror, |rattles, |singing |by |parent, |high |contrast |patterns |in |books |or |images Age |appropriate |toys |for |4-7 |months |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS | ✔✔fabric |or |board |books, |different |types |of |music, |easy |to |hold | toys |that |make |noise, |floating, |squirting |bath |toys, |soft |dolls |or | animals Age |appropriate |toys |for |8-12 |months |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS | ✔✔plastic |cups, |bowls, |buckets, |unbreakable |mirror, |large |building | bocks, |stacking |toys, |busy |boxes, |balls, |dolls, |books |with |large | pictures, |toy |telephone, |push-pull |toys The |distance |between |crib |slates |should |be |no |wider |than |- | CORRECT |ANSWERS |✔✔a |soda |can |(6 |cm |23/8 |inches) Foods |which |pose |a |choking |risk |for |infants; |- |CORRECT |ANSWERS | ✔✔popcorn, |nuts, |carrots, |grapes, |hotdog |pieces
