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These are the notes of Exam of Linear Algebra which includes Initial Value Problem, General Solution, Erential Equation, Origin Parallel, Line, Vector Space, Dimension etc. Key important points are: Material, Encouraged, Eigenvalues, Eigenspace, Geometric Multiplicities, Equation, Characteristic Polynomial, Minimal Polynomial, Unsimplified Powers of Numbers, Linear Recurrence Relation
Typology: Exams
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These practice questions cover material since the second midterm. Half of the actual final will consist of questions on this material, and the other half will be on older material. Before attempting these problems, review the notion of minimal polynomial by doing the next two problems from the book.
(1) Do problems 1.13 and 1.14 on page 393. There are about twice as many questions here as will appear regarding this material on the final. You are encouraged to take it in exam conditions—no notes, calculator, book, etc., and keeping time constraints in mind. Solutions will be posted on Thursday, Dec. 6. For all problems, you must fully explain your reasoning. Write in complete sentences when appropriate.
Problem 1. Determine all values of x ∈ R such that the matrix
x x 2 5 x 0 0 1 0 0 4 0
is invertible.
Problem 2. Let
(1) Determine all eigenvalues of A. (2) Determine a basis for each eigenspace of A. (3) Determine the algebraic and geometric multiplicities of each eigenvalue. (4) Determine if A is diagonalizable. If it is, write an equation of the form D = C−^1 AC, with D diagonal.
Problem 3. Let a 1 ,... , a 5 be real numbers. Compute
det
a 1 1 1 0
a 2 1 1 0
a 3 1 1 0
a 4 1 1 0
a 5 1 1 0
Problem 4. Let
A =
(1) Compute the characteristic polynomial pA(x). (2) Compute the minimal polynomial mA(x). (3) Use the minimal polynomial to compute A^100. (Your answer may contain unsimplified powers of numbers.) 1
Problem 5. Consider the linear recurrence relation
a 0 = 2 a 1 = 8 an+2 = 8 an+1 − 15 an (1) Determine a matrix A such that the identity
A
an+ an
an+ an+
holds for every n. (2) Determine a closed form expression for an.
Problem 6. Let f : R^3 → R^3 be a homomorphism, and let
A = RepE 3 ,E 3 (f )
be the matrix of f with respect to the standard basis. Let
be another basis of R^3. Starting from the fact that matrix multiplication corre- sponds to function composition, explain how you can compute RepD,D(f ) in terms of A. (You need not multiply or invert any matrices.)
Problem 7. Consider the transpose homomorphism
f : Mat 2 × 2 → Mat 2 × 2
given by
f
a b c d
a c b d
Let B be the basis (^) {( 1 0 0 0
of Mat 2 × 2.
(1) Compute RepB,B(f ). (2) Determine if there is a basis D of Mat 2 × 2 such that RepD,D(f ) is a diagonal matrix. If there is, find one.
Problem 8. Let A be a 4 × 4 matrix.
(1) Suppose that pA(x) = x^4 − 16. Is A necessarily diagonalizable? (2) Suppose that pA(x) = (x − 2)^4. Is A necessarily diagonalizable?
In each part, either prove A is diagonalizable or exhibit a counterexample.
Problem 9. Let A be an n × n matrix with integer entries. Suppose that det A = ±1. Show that A−^1 has integer entries.
Problem 10. Suppose that A and B are similar n × n matrices.
(1) Let p(x) be any polynomial. Show that p(A) = 0 if and only if p(B) = 0. (2) Show that A and B have the same minimal polynomial: mA(x) = mB (x).
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