Maryville 615 Pharm Exam III with Comprehensive
Questions and Answers
1. What factors will place the patient at risk for antibiotic resistance?
✓Excessive and inappropriate use of anti-infective agents, over use of
broad spectrum antibiotics or any antimicrobial agent, failure to complete
the entire course of treatment, administration of antibiotics when pt has a
viral infection, and fluroquinolones should be restricted to patients with
community acquired pneumonia with comorbidites.
Increasing populations of immune-compromised patients. Increase in the
number and complexity of invasive medical procedures. Increased survival
of patients with chronic disease, multiple medical comorbidities. Daycare
of young children. Overcrowding and travel. The leading cause is use of
antibiotics age younger than 2 or older than 65 and excessive and
inappropriate use of anti-infective agents.
2. What factors place the patient at risk for hypersensitivity reactions with
penicillin's and cephalosporins? ✓Cross sensitivity due to the fact that
each class contains a beta-lactam ring, the beta lactam ring also has a
cross resistance, since its vulnerable to beta lactamase producing
organisms, a patient has a risk of developing a reaction within 2-30
minutes after administration of the medication.
Hx of serious hypersensitivity reaction (anaphylaxis, serum sickness,
exfoliative dermatitis, hemolysis or other blood dyscrasia) to PCN.
Alsoallergic reaction to cephalosporin's, imipenem, or beta-lactamase
inhibitors may contraindicate use of PCN.
3. What are the safest antibiotics to prescribe to a woman who is
pregnant? ✓PCN is the safest drug to prescribe to pregnant women,
augmentin in pregnant women for UTI's, sulfonamides and penicillinase
resistant PCN's should be avoided in late pregnancy due to the
displacement of billirubin from the plasma proteins of the newborn
causing new born canictaris (sp?)
