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Exam 1 and 2 Review Marine Biology
250 2025 Entry.
Some _____ fishes lack of respiratory pigments. Basically this advantage stems from the fact that the _____ the water is, the more oxygen can hold (contain).
a) Caribbean; warmer.
b) Antarctic; colder.
c) Deep-water; darker.
d) Marine; saltier. - Correct Ans: ✔✔B
In evolutionary terms, which of the following do you think is the BEST example of an adaptation?
a) A Chihuahua dog that is crossed with a poodle to obtain a mixed race.
b) A bird species that undergoes beak changes (over multiple generations) due to a change on the type of available food.
c) A turtle that over the course of its lifetime grows a longer neck to be able to reach food in taller trees.
d) An ant colony that uses different types of food through the changing
seasons to survive. - Correct Ans: ✔✔B
Which area of the ocean has the highest rate of oxygen consumption?
a) Hadalpelagic
b) Mesopelagic
c) Epipelagic
d) Bathypelagic
e) LOZ (Low Oxygen Zone) - Correct Ans: ✔✔C
Excess of which of the following nutrients may trigger an eutrophication event in marine environments?
a) Nitrate and bicarbonate
b) Phosphate and oxygen
Which of the following caudal fin types has the lowest drag at high speed?
a) Round
b) Truncate
c) Forked
d) Lunate - Correct Ans: ✔✔D
What requirements must be met in order for natural selection to occur? Think of traits.
a. Variable and responsive to environmental changes
b. Beneficial and heritable
c. Heritable and adaptive
d. Adaptive and allow for acclimatization - Correct Ans: ✔✔B
What is the ultimate source of genetic variation in a population?
a. Natural selection
b. Mutation
c. Migration
d. Drift
e. Reproduction - Correct Ans: ✔✔B
Which of the following scenarios is an example of genetic drift?
a. Locals in a tropical island heavily harvested a population of marine snails for food
consumption. A very small number of snails was left to survive and reproduce.
b. Most bony fishes are broadcast spawners. Females release large amounts of eggs that,
once fertilized by male sperm, will drift in the ocean until they hatch and become fish
larvae.
c. Two species of marine reptiles intermix and interact in the same feeding grounds.
d. Migration
e. Genetic Drift - Correct Ans: ✔✔A
Random changes to DNA sequences that are heritable by offspring
a. Reproduction
b. Natural Selection
c. Mutation
d. Migration
e. Genetic Drift - Correct Ans: ✔✔C
Most favorable traits "survive" and are passed to offspring
a. Reproduction
b. Natural Selection
c. Mutation
d. Migration
e. Genetic Drift - Correct Ans: ✔✔B
Traits/genes move between populations of a species
a. Reproduction
b. Natural Selection
c. Mutation
d. Migration
e. Genetic Drift - Correct Ans: ✔✔D
In ecology, a trophic level is the position that an organism occupies in a food chain -- what it
eats, and what eats it. It is generally agreed that the energy transferred from one trophic level to
the next one is ______ average.
a. 10%
c. Not manipulating the variable of interest
d. Including a control to compare the effects of a treatment - Correct
Ans: ✔✔D
You are a voracious fish. Where would you have a better chance of finding preys?
a. Upwelling areas, where deep-cold water, often acidic and rich in nutrients, is
brought up to the surface, supporting primary producers.
b. Downwelling areas, where warm-shallow water, often rich in nutrients is accumulated
near the coast favoring poikilothermic organisms.
c. Upwelling areas, where deep-warm water, often rich in nutrients but poor in dissolved
gases is brought up to the surface supporting primary consumers.
d. Upwelling areas, where cold-shallow water, often poor in nutrients but rich in gases is
accumulated near the coast favoring endothermic organisms. -
Correct Ans: ✔✔A
As a result of the Coriolis Effect, a missile fired southward from the equator will seem to be
deflected:
a. Toward the east
b. Toward the west
c. Far to the south
d. Far to the North
e. Depends on the season - Correct Ans: ✔✔A
Which of the following are classified as symbiosis?
a. When clown fish lives in an anemone.
b. A close association between two organisms.
c. When a tapeworm infests a human.
d. All of the above.
d. Cohesion - Correct Ans: ✔✔C
What is happening on a molecular level that is preventing the water strider from sinking?
a. The covalent bonds between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms are not breaking apart due
to the lack of weight placed upon them. This is because water is cohesive.
b. Both oxygen and hydrogen atoms in the top layer are positively charged and therefore
much stronger than those in the lower layers. This is because the water is viscous.
c. There is not enough weight to break the hydrogen bonds between water molecules
at the surface of the water due to the cohesion. This is because water is polar.
d. The surface area of the water strider is quite large and is breaking the hydrogen bonds of
the water molecules on the surface. This is because water molecule
is light. - Correct Ans: ✔✔C
Which of the following correctly describes marine mammals in terms of "source of heat" and
"variance in internal temperature"?
a. Homeotherms and Ectotherms
b. Poikilotherms and Homeotherms
c. Endotherms and Ectotherms
d. Homeotherms and Endotherms - Correct Ans: ✔✔D
What is not a source of salt in ocean water?
a. Chemical weathering of rocks on continents
b. Volcanoes
c. Hydrothermal vents
d. Iceberg melting
e. River discharges - Correct Ans: ✔✔D
c. Upper mantle
d. Asthenosphere - Correct Ans: ✔✔B
Plates spread apart
a. Mid-ocean ridges
b. Transform faults
c. Hot spot
d. Volcanic island arc - Correct Ans: ✔✔A
One plate sinks under the other
a. Mid-ocean ridges
b. Transform faults
c. Hot spot
d. Volcanic island arc - Correct Ans: ✔✔D
Plates slide alongside each other
a. Mid-ocean ridges
b. Transform faults
c. Hot spot
d. Volcanic island arc - Correct Ans: ✔✔B
Many phytoplankton species are distant relatives from a phylogenetic perspective, but all of
them show some common features that allow them to float and have access to sunlight. What
process best describes this phenomenon?
a. Density of water
b. Genetic drift
c. Natural selection
d. Seasonal nutrient upwellings - Correct Ans: ✔✔C
d. Dinoflagellates - Correct Ans: ✔✔A
Which of the following species will thrive in tropical waters:
a. Cyanobacteria
b. Diatoms
c. Coccolithophores
d. Dinoflagellates - Correct Ans: ✔✔A
What is the main factor controlling the ability of
ultraphytoplankton to bloom after the other two phytoplankton types have done so?
a. Diatoms and dinoflagellates are better adapted than ultraphytoplankton
b. Some dinoflagellate species produce toxins that can cause red tides, increasing the
amount of food available for ultraphytoplankton
c. Ultraphytoplankton moves slower than diatoms and dinoflagellates, so it usually takes
longer for ultraphytoplankton to get to nutrient-rich areas (eg upwelling)
d. The surface area of the ultraphytoplankton relative to their volume is very large
which makes them efficient at absorbing nutrients in nutrient- depleted
environments - Correct Ans: ✔✔D
You are in Seattle. When would you expect an anoxic episode (oxygen depletion) in surface
waters?
a. Winter at night
b. Summer during the day
c. Spring at night
d. Fall during the day
e. Winter during the day - Correct Ans: ✔✔C
When/where would you be more likely to measure the lowest pH in surface waters?
