MANDARIN
(Lecture 4)
MARITA R. PAROBROB,Ph.D.
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Mandarin Language Learning: Counting and Greetings, Lecture notes of Criminology
A comprehensive introduction to counting in mandarin chinese, explaining the use of measure words and providing examples. It also includes a section on basic greetings and introduces essential vocabulary for everyday interactions. Suitable for beginners learning mandarin and offers a practical approach to mastering fundamental language skills.
Typology: Lecture notes
2023/2024
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MANDARIN
(Lecture 4)
MARITA R. PAROBROB,Ph.D.
Counting: Counting in Chinese is somewhat different than in English. Chinese requires the use of a special class of words called "measure words." These serve to give units for counting and classifying nouns. Some words in English perform similar functions, but the difference is that in Mandarin all words require a measure word when being counted.
- When counting objects, Chinese uses the following formula: Number + Measure Word + (Object)
- The most common measure word is "ge"- which is used to count many different things or when the classification is unknown.
- When counting fractions of a thing, Chinese uses the following formula: Whole Number + Measure Word + Fractional Number + (Object)
- When the number of objects is 2 or 2 and a fraction, it is always counted as "a couple of objects" liang instead of "two objects" er.
Examples:
1 person 一個人 yi
1
ge ren
3
2 people 兩 個 人 liang
3
ge ren
3
22 people 二十二個 人 er
4
shi
2
er
4
ge ren
3
1 and a half 一個 半 ge ban
4
2 and a half 兩 個 半 liang
3
ge ban
4
3 and a half 三個 半 san
1
ge ban
4
- (^) 23 er shi san
- (^51) wu shi yi
- (^62) liu shi er
Exercises:
- (^) 4 and a half-
- (^) Eight and a half
- (^) Six and a half
- (^) 15 persons
- (^) 9 persons
- (^) 11- shi yi 40- si shi
- (^) 12 shi er 90 – jui shi
- (^) 13 shi san 100 yi bai
- (^) 14- shi si
- (^) 15- shi wu
- (^) 20 er shi
- (^) 21 er shi yi
- (^) 22 er shi er
EXERCISE No. ____ Writing Numbers. (20 pts) No Pin Yin Hanzi 4 7 9 15 28 36 41 59 68 100 105
Ni hao!
生词 Shēngcí New Words nĭ 你 you (singular) wŏ 我 I, me hăo 好 good/fine yĕ 也 also hĕn 很 very tā 他 he, him tā 她 she, her tāmen 他们 the
Example
- She is my younger sister. Ni gege hao ma?
- (^) ta shi wo meimei. Is Your elder brother good/ fine?
- (^) He is my elder brother.
- (^) Ta shi wo gege.
- (^) She is my teacher.
- (^) Ta shi wo laoshi.
- (^) She is my mother.
- (^) Ta shi wo mama
Activity No 2
- (^) 5 sentences out of your shengci.
- (^) Are you good or not? Ni hao bu hao? Wo hen hao
- (^) wo bu hao
- (^) Are you busy? Ni mang ma?
- (^) Ni - you mang – busy ma?
- (^) Wo hen mang. ( I am very busy.)
- (^) Wo bu mang ( I am not busy)