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LANA PREP ABI QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
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An increase in lymphatic uptake will increase the lymphatic pumping by stimulating lymphangion stretch---> pumping Is this an example of Passive or Active Safety factors? Active Is the circulatory System open or closed? closed system, the heart is the pump How does blood flow from an artery to vein? Artery--capillaries—-venules—-arterioles—-veins Which of the following statements is correct regarding the lymphatic system? A. B-Lymphocytes mature in the nodes and spleen B. The jugular lymph sac will become the cisterns chili at full development C. Macrophages are only located in the lymphatic nodes and vessels D. Lymphangiogenesis is the formation of new lymphatic vessels Lymphangiogensis is the formation of new lymphatic vessels B lymphocytes mature in the _________________.
bone marrow The __________________ sac will become the cisterna chili at full development? Retroperotional Marcrophages are located in _______ ___________? All tissue The Lymphatic system is an open system? True The opening of capillaries is surrounded by two structures what are they? A. smooth muscle B. Capillary Sphincter When can the circulatory system close a sphincter to force flow through an arteriovenous shunt (anastomosis) to the venous end? When the energy requirements are LOW in the circulatory system Define diffusion
All of the following are components of microcirculation, EXCEPT? A.Pre-collectors B. Capillaries C. Tissue Channels D. Initial Lymphatics Pre-collectors Microphages include___________ , ___________, and
Capillaries Tissue Channels Initial Lymphatics Which of the following is true about initial Lymphatics? A. Located in the epidermis B. Consist of a continuous basement membrane C. Anchoring filaments can break with prolonged edema D. Are innervated by sensory nerves Anchoring filaments can break with prolonged edema
Initial Lymphatics are located in what layer of tissue? Dermis All of the following are correct about pre collectors, EXCEPT? A. Originate in the dermis of the skin B. Act as a conduit between initial and collecting vessels C. Have a continuous layer of smooth muscle D. Have a rudimentary value to assist in the flow of fluid Have a continuous thin layer of smooth muscle note: they have a sporadic layer of smooth muscle Which of their following statements is true about collectors? A. Collectors run perpendicular to the skin and drain the surrounding areas B. Collectors are located in the epidermis
B. There are 1-3 efferent collectors bringing lymph fluid into each node C. The B-cells are found in the outer cortex and T-cells are in the inner cortex D. Lymph travels from marginal ———- cortical ———- medullary sinus in the node There are 1-3 efferent collectors bringing lymph fluid into each node There are 1-3 _______________________ collectors bringing lymph fluid into each node Afferent You have a patient with R LE and genital lymphedema from skin cancer. Which of the following pathways is MOST APPROPRIATE to drain to the opposite inguinal nodes? A. Axillo-Ingunial Anastomosis B. Anterior Axillo-Axillary Anastomosis C. Posterior inter-Inguinal Anastomosis D. Anterior Axillo-Inguinal Anastomosis Posterior Inter-Ingunial Anastomosis Lymphedema of R face near the eye, nose, cheek, and ear from parotid cancer...Pt underwent six, radiation, and chemo for
treatment with significant scarring and fibrosis. Which pathway is the MOST APPROPRIATE for therapy? A. Posteriorly on the left to the anterior neck and down to the supraclavicular nodes B. Across the the left, down the anterior neck, and down to the supraclavicular notes C. Via the transverse cervical nodes on the right to the thoracic duct/subclavian veins D. Down the anterior face, anterior neck, and down to the supraclavicular nodes Across to the left, down the anterior neck, and down to the supraclavicular nodes What is the normal drainage pattern for the R UE? List the six steps to the pattern Radial hand/the arena——-radial forearm—— Anterior/Medial upper arm ——- axillary nodes——subclavian trunk——-R lymphatic trunk What are three normal drainage pattern for the L LE?
- Dorsal lateral foot and posterior/lateral calf——popliteal lymph nodes—- inguinal nodes——external iliac nodes
- Medial thigh——drains to anterior leg——inguinal nodes ———external iliac nodes
- Lateral thigh——-drains to medial thigh——-inguinal nodes
Facilitated transport note: movement can be enhanced by arterial pules, movement, and external forces such as massage What does facilitated diffusion require? Glucose All of the following are safety factors for the removal of fluids in tissues, EXCEPT? A. Active-slowing of ultrafiltration via an increase in THP( tissues hydrostatic pressure) B. Active-increase in lymphatic uptake due to increased the lymphatic pumping C. Active- increased macrophage proteolysis in the tissues decrease TCOP (tissue colloid osmotic pressure) D. Active- via Anastomosis across neighboring watersheds Active-slowing of ultrafiltration via an increase in THP Is slowing of ultrafiltration via an increase in THP (tissue hydrostatic pressure) during removal of fluid from tissue active or passive? Passive Which of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding insufficiencies? A. Mechanical insufficiency edema is due to lymphatic failure in the area B. Dynamic insufficiency edema is due to capillary damage in
the area C. Lymphatic load is always lower than transport capacity with primary lymphedema D. Phlebolymphedema is an example of combined insufficiency Lymphatic load is always lower that transport capacity with primary lymphedema You have a 27 y.o. female patient with B LE lymphedema below the knees. Noticed the edema around 15 y.o. and her mother has the same issuers. you suspect your patient's edema may be due to which of the following? A. Distichiasis B. Milroys C. Meige's D. Noonan's Meige's - manifests in puberty, mostly localized to LE note: Primary Lymphedema before 35 y.o. is called lymphedema praecox You are treating a patient post breast cancer. During treatment, you notice a bruise on her chest. The patient does not recall any injury. The next week, the bruise has spread. What are you concerned about with this patient? A. Recurrent cellulitis B. Abuse by her spouse C. Stewart-treves Syndrome D. Lymphoma in the chest
May-Thurner's Syndrome You have a patient with an ABI of .75. Which of the following is MOST APPROPRIATE? A. You can apply 3 layers of LE bandaging foot to groin B. Compression is contraindicated for this patient C. MLD is contraindicated for this patient D. Only 1 layer of compression bandaging is appropriate Only 1 layer of compression bandaging is appropriate MLD is contraindicated with all the following, EXCEPT? A. Hyperthyroidism B. Renal failure C. Chron's disease D. ABI <0. ABI < 0. You have decided to use low stretch bandages to bandage a patient with LE lymphedema. Which of the following supports your decision?
A. Low stretch has a high resting pressure and low working pressure B. Low stretch has medium resting and working pressures C. Low stretch has low resting pressure and high working pressure D. Low stretch was all you had in your clinic Low stretch has low resting pressure and high working pressure All of the following are forces involved in micro circulation, EXCEPT? A. Blood hydrostatic pressure (BHP) B. Tissue osmotic pressure (TOP) C. Lymphatic oncotic pressure (LOP) D. Blood arterial pressure (BAP) Blood arterial pressure (BAP) What three forces are involved in microcirculation that are located in the Lymphatics? Blood hydrostatic pressure (BHP) Tissue osmotic pressure (TOP) Lymphatic oncotic pressure (LOP) The advancement in the theory proposed by Starling stated reabsorption is enhanced due to the discovery of the endothelial glycocalyx. True or False? False
A male develops genital lymphedema post prostate cancer treatment. What is the cause of his lymphedema? A. Lymphangion insufficiency B. Dynamic insufficiency C. Combined insufficiency D. Mechanical insuffiency Mechanical insufficiency Three types of lymphatic vessels are located in which layer of the skin? A. Epidermis B. Reticular Dermis C. Hypodermis D. Subpapillary Dermis Reticular Dermis Note: Reticular Dermis has blood vessels and connective tissue that supports the skin. All of the following are correct pertaining to the clinical relevance of diffusion with lymphedema, EXCEPT? A. Waste and CO2 will accumulate B. Increase in the risk of infection
C. Decrease in distance from capillary to cells D. Reduction of nutrients to the cells. Decrease in distance from capillary to cells note : it increases the distance from capillary to cells 12 y.o. male patient presents with B LE lymphedema, a webbed neck, and ptosis. What is the MOST LIKELY syndrome responsible for his lymphedema? A. Meige's disease B. Yellow Nail Syndrome C. Noonan's syndrome D. Protein-Losing Enteropathy Noonan's Syndrome note: symptoms similar to Turner's syndrome- not chromosomal anomaly You evaluated a patient from Hawaii with B LE lymphedema, especially in the foot and lower calf. Which of the following should you consider as a possible cause for the lymphedema? A. Filariasis B. Tinea Cruris C. Podoconiosis D. Sporotrichosis Podoconiosis Which of the following statements is ACCURATE for characteristics of the hypodermis?
C. Turner's Syndrome D. Meige's Disease Meige's Disease. (Is precox after 35 y.o.) What do Noonan's syndrome, Milroy's Disease, and Turner's Syndrome ALL have in common? They are all congenital conditions. Which of the following is NOT a structural cause of a low flow, high protein edema? A. Incompetent intra-lymphatic valves B. Fenestrated lining of vascular vessels C. Torn anchoring filaments D. Narrow tissue channels Fenestrated lining of vascular vessels A person with congenital hyoplasia of the lymphatic system develops lymphedema in her left leg post TKA. What type of insufficiency is that? A. Valvular insufficiency B. Combined Insufficiency C. Mechanical insufficiency D. Dynamic insufficiency Combined insufficiency All of the following are effects of chronic lymphedema, EXCEPT?
A. Dilated tissue channels, filled with excess protein B. Reduced adipose tissue lay down C. Lipid-filled macrophages D. Reduced hair and sweat glands Reduced adipose tissue laydown Your patient presents with B LE edema. Objective findings include pain with palpating, altered pigmentation of lower calves, dry scaly skin, and noticeable veins. The MOST plausible cause of the edema is? A. Lipedema B. Chronic venous insufficiency C. May-Thurner's Syndrome D. Lipo-lymphedema Chronic venous insufficiency All of the following statements about cisterna chyle are correct, EXCEPT? A. Located around L5/S1 on the spinal column B. Marks the beginning of the thoracic duct C. Receives fluid from the gastrointestinal trunks D. Develops from the retroperitoneal lymph sac Located around L5/S1 on the spinal column
