LIVERPOOL’S REGENERATION
Context, Challenges, Lessons
John Flamson
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Regeneration of Liverpool: Context, Challenges, and Lessons, Exercises of Decision Making
An in-depth analysis of Liverpool's regeneration journey from a struggling city in the late 1970s to a thriving cultural hub. It covers the political context, regional governance, strategy development, and economic, social, and environmental challenges. The document also highlights the lessons learned from Liverpool's regeneration experience.
Typology: Exercises
2021/2022
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LIVERPOOL’S REGENERATION
Context, Challenges, Lessons John Flamson
INTRODUCTION
HOW FAR WE HAVE COME
From art deco decline to art deco delight
HOW FAR WE HAVE COME
From street riots to street cafes
HOW FAR WE HAVE COME
From derelict docks to a destination waterfront
PRESENTATION
- Context
- Successes
- Facts
- Challenges
- Lessons
- Closing words
POLITICAL
- Stability and sustained national economic growth early 1990s to 2007
- Embracing of EU programmes 1990s and 2000s
- Regional policy – growth, narrowing the gap and inclusion
- Urban policy – neighbourhood renewal to city regions
- Central prescription, special initiatives, targets and regulation
REGIONAL GOVERNANCE
- Government Offices – Government in not of the regions
- Frustrated attempts to create elected regional assemblies
- Power of the quangos – national, regional, sub-regional and local
- Broadening of the role of regional development agencies
- Accountability: informal partnerships rather than elected bodies
- Renewed emphasis on local government; rise of the city state?
MONEY FLOW
- Government departmental budgets to agencies, quangos, local government and authorities (e.g. health, police, transport)
- Government as the gatekeeper for EU programmes
- Discretionary regeneration funding – from bidding to special initiatives
- Squeezing out of local autonomy
- Emergence of the grant brokers and grant dependency
LIVERPOOL CITY REGION
THE SUCCESSES
SUCCESS
Waterfront
- Albert Dock and the south docks
- Iconic Pier Head
- New King’s waterfront
- Prince’s Dock and the north docks
SUCCESS
City Centre
- Historical legacy - best of the past
- Lime Street gateway – first impressions
- Office quarter – a new commercial heart
- Liverpool One – re-shaping the retail core
SUCCESS
Capital of Culture
- Year-long programme of events
- Incentive to agree big projects like the Arena, Convention Centre, Pier Head and Museum
- Tourist boom
- Image boost – a winner at last!
LIVERPOOL CITY REGION
THE FACTS