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Lifeguard Test: Red Cross
How can you best protect yourself from possible bloodborne pathogen transmission when providing care? a. Ask the victim first if they have any communicable diseases. b. Thoroughly wash your hands before providing care. c. Use first aid supplies, such as dressings and bandages, as a barrier when in contact with the victim. d. Use personal protective equipment (PPE), such as disposable gloves and a breathing barrier, when providing care. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS D A 12-year-old child at a swim meet grabs their chest and begins to make wheezing noises. After you obtain consent to provide care, the child's parent informs you that the child has a history of asthma, but does not have an inhaler nearby. What care should you provide? a. Give 5 back blows. b. Summon more advanced medical personnel and place the victim into a position that helps breathing. c. Tell the victim to use an inhaler borrowed from a bystander. d. Wait 20 minutes to see if the breathing difficulty goes away. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS B Your initial impression of a victim is based on: a. The victim's initial vital signs. b. How the victim appears to you as you size up the scene. c. The victim's SAMPLE history. d. What you have been told about the victim. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS B You and another lifeguard find an unresponsive adult on the floor in the locker room. You activate your facility's EAP, size-up the scene, form an initial impression and perform a primary assessment. You find the victim is not moving or breathing, but has a pulse. You should summon EMS personnel, then: a. Give ventilations at a rate of 1about every 5-6 seconds. b. Give back blows and chest thrusts. c. Give quick breaths at the rate of 20 to 40 a minute. d. Perform CPR. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS A You arrive on the scene where a patron appears to be injured. Before approaching the victim, which of the following will you NOT do as you size-up the scene? a. Begin performing the primary assessment. b. Use all your senses to determine if the scene is safe. c. Form an initial impression. d. Put on appropriate PPE. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS A
When providing care during an emergency, which of the following should you do first? a. Size-up the scene while forming an initial impression. b. Check for responsiveness. c. Perform a primary assessment. d. Summon more advanced medical personnel. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS A As the first rescuer on the scene, you are performing CPR on an adult. When performing chest compressions, how deeply should you compress the chest? a. About 2 inches b. At least 2 inches but no more than 2.4 inches c. About 1½ inches d. At least 1 inch but no more than 2 inches - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS B CPR should be performed on which of the following victims? a. One who is in cardiac arrest b. One who is conscious and is choking c. One who is experiencing difficulty breathing d. One who responds to painful stimuli - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS A What is the first step of the Adult Cardiac Chain of Survival? a. Early CPR to keep oxygen-rich blood flowing and to help delay brain damage and death. b. Early defibrillation to help restore an effective heart rhythm and significantly increase the Vitim's chance for survival. c. Advanced life support using advanced medical personnel who can provide the proper tools and medication needed to continue the lifesaving care. d. Recognition of a cardiac emergency and activation of the emergency response system. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS D You are providing care to a victim suspected of having a heart attack. Which of the following would you do first? a. Summon EMS personnel. b. Loosen any tight clothing. c. Monitor the victim's appearance. d. Provide comfort to the victim. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS A Once you have turned on the automated external defibrillator (AED), you should: a. Check for breathing. b. Give abdominal thrusts. c. Apply the pads and allow the AED to analyze the heart rhythm. d. Give chest compressions. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS C To ensure high-quality CPR and high-quality chest compressions, you should: a. Keep your shoulders directly over your hands and bend your elbows. b. Compress the victim's chest to a shallow depth
You have sized up the scene, formed an initial impression and determined the scene is safe. When starting the primary assessment, which of the following would you do first? a. Summon EMS personnel b. Check for responsiveness c. Open the victim's airway d. Check for breathing and a pulse - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS B Which of the following statements about bag-valve-mask resuscitators (BVMs) is most accurate? a. BVMs are readily available at all emergency scenes. b. Monitoring the victim for full exhalation is not required. c. Ventilations are more effective when two rescuers operate the BVM. d. When used by a single rescuer, BVMs allow easy coordination with chest compressions. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS C You are preparing to give ventilations to a 5-year-old child using a resuscitation mask. You should give 1 ventilation about every: a. 1 second. b. 2 seconds. c. 5-6 seconds. d. 3 seconds. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS D
- When performing chest compressions during CPR, you should give compressions at a rate of at least how many compressions per minute? a. Between 100 and 120 b. Between 60 and 80 c. Between 120 and 140 d. Between 140 and 160 - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS A
- An AED has advised that a shock should be given. Which of the following is appropriate? a. Apply new AED pads to the victim's chest. b. Begin chest compressions immediately. c. Tell everyone to stand clear of the victim. d. Cover the AED pads with a blanket. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS C
- You are about to apply AED pads to a victim's chest when you notice that the victim has several body piercings with jewelry on their chest. Which of the following should you do? a. Remove the jewelry before applying the pads. b. Use one pad, applying it directly over the jewelry. c. Wipe the chest, including the jewelry, with alcohol. d. Apply the pads to the chest, at least 1 inch away from the jewelry - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS D
- The cycle of chest compressions and ventilations in two-rescuer CPR for an infant is: a. 15 chest compressions and 2 ventilations. b. 15 chest compressions and 1 ventilation. c. 30 chest compressions and 1 ventilation. d. 30 chest compressions and 2 ventilations. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS A
- You are using a resuscitation mask to give ventilations to a child. After you position and seal the mask, which of the following should you do next? a. Tilt the victim's head back to open the airway. b. Blow into the mask. c. Place the victim's head in a neutral position to maintain an open airway. d. Place the victim in a recovery position. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS A You are providing care to a patron who started choking on some food. The victim becomes unresponsive. Which of the following should you do first? a. Attempt to give ventilations to the victim. b. Lower the victim to the ground and open their airway. c. Look inside the victim's mouth and use your fingers to remove the obstruction. d. Lower the victim to the ground and begin CPR starting with chest compressions. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS D Where should you place your hands when giving chest compressions to an infant during CPR? a. One hand on the chin and one hand on the chest. b. One hand on the chin and two or three fingers on the center of the chest. c. One hand on the forehead and two or three fingers on the center of the chest. d. One hand on the forehead and one hand on the chest. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS C When giving abdominal thrusts to an adult who is choking, where should you position your fist? a. In the center of the breastbone b. In the middle of the abdomen, just above the navel c. In the middle of the abdomen, just below the navel d. On the rib cage - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS B A person has been injured and is responsive. You should: a. Have the victim walk with you to the first aid station so you can obtain consent and provide care. b. Provide care immediately based on the victim's condition. c. Speak with the victim to find out what happened and check for non-life-threatening conditions. d. Obtain consent, check the victim for life-threatening conditions and speak with the victim to find out what happened. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS D
b. Rest, ice, care, evaluate c. Rest, immobilize, cold, elevate d. Remove, ice, care, evaluate - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS C (this changed recently used to be rest, ice, compress elevate) All of the following are components of scene size-up EXCEPT: a. Gathering an initial impression of the situation. b. Calling for additional resources as needed. c. Looking for situations that are hazardous. d. Checking for responsiveness. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS D Signs and symptoms of sudden illness do not include: a. Changes in LOC b. Nausea or vomiting. c. Bruising or rigidness of the abdomen. d. Loss of vision or blurred vision. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS C When checking a victim during a secondary assessment you notice changes in her LOC. What does the C stand for in LOC? a. Condition. b. Consciousness. c. Comprehension. d. Complication. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS B You notice a patron that is swimming laps who suddenly slips under water without a struggle and does not resurface. This person is probably: a. A passive victim who needs help. b. A distressed swimmer who needs help. c. An active victim who needs help. d. An intermediate swimmer who does not need help. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS A Primary responsibilities of a lifeguard include: a. Inspecting the pool and rescue equipment before the facility opens and paying close attention to patrons in the water by actively searching their assigned zone. b. Fixing the pool rope and lane lines and ensuring the changing rooms are clean. c. Following the health codes, answering a patron's question and making sure patrons shower before using the pool. d. Passing out the pool rules to all the patrons. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS A A child accidentally falls from the deck into the water and is in distress. After you activate the emergency action plan (EAP), what steps should you take next? a. Clear the pool and alert management of the emergency. b. Encourage them to stay calm and swim back to the edge of the pool. c. Enter the water, approach the victim and bring them to a safe exit point. d. Obtain consent from the child's parent before rescuing the child. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS C
The size and shape of a lifeguard's zone should allow them to recognize and reach a victim in the furthest and deepest part of their zone within: a. 45 seconds b. 1 ½ minutes c. 30 seconds d. 2 minutes - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS C While searching your zone, you notice a person motionless in the water. The steps you follow in a water emergency are performed in the following order: a. Perform a secondary assessment, perform a primary assessment, size-up the scene, activate the emergency action plan (EAP), and summon EMS personnel. b. Perform a primary assessment, activate the EAP, summon EMS personnel, perform a secondary assessment and size-up the scene. c. Size-up the scene, activate the EAP, form an initial impression, summon EMS personnel, perform a primary assessment and perform a secondary assessment. d. Activate the EAP, enter the water, perform an appropriate rescue, move the victim to a safe exit point, remove the victim from the water and provide emergency care as needed. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS D (but always size up the scene) While searching your zone, you witness a patron struggling while swimming and then go under water. Which of the following applies? a. You would use the RID factor to determine what to do. b. You should continue to scan the pool until emergency back-up coverage is available. c. You have duty to act and perform the appropriate rescue. d. You should notify off duty lifeguards to provide care for the victim. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS C A lifeguard can no longer see some of the patrons at one side of the swimming area from their station because of glare from the afternoon sun. To maintain effective patron surveillance, the lifeguard should: a. Document the issue and present it at next month's staff meeting. b. Adjust their position slightly to remove the glare from the surveillance area. c. Leave the area to find the supervisor for assistance. d. Stay in the same position since the patrons are strong swimmers. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS B A couple of patrons start running on the pool deck. You blow your whistle to get their attention. Next, you enforce the rules and regulations by: a. Calling your supervisor. b. Giving them a warning. c. Telling them they could slip or fall and must walk on the deck. d. Telling them they might be asked to leave and demanding they stop it now. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS C
You are lifeguarding during a family swim session when you notice a swimmer swimming full lengths of the pool under water. What should you do? a. Activate the facility EAP, clear the pool and remove them from the pool. b. Immediately stop them from continuing the activity and explain the dangers of the activity. c. Immediately get the attention of the swimmer and instruct them to leave the pool for breaking pool rules. d. Alert the pool manager of the situation once your shift is over and document the event. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS B (but in real life be cool) After removing a responsive victim you suspect has a spinal injury from the water, you should do all the following except: a. Make sure 911 or the local emergency number. b. Dry the victim off and apply the pads of an AED. c. Protect the victim from becoming cold. d. Reassure the victim and perform a secondary assessment - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS B You enter the water to rescue a victim with a suspected spinal injury. You determine that the victim is not breathing. What should you do next? a. Delay removal from the water and provide 2 minutes of in-water ventilations. b. Remove the victim water using a modified spinal backboarding procedure. c. Remove the victim from the water using the Extrication Using a Backboard at the Pool Edge technique. d. Remove the victim from the water using the spinal backboarding procedure. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS C .A lifeguard keeps an eye on the patrons of the pool, actively searching and checking the bottom, middle and surface of the water. The lifeguard is demonstrating: a. Effective communication. b. Implied consent. c. The RID factor. d. Effective scanning. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS D A parent and child walk over to you; the parent states that the child fell on the pool deck and hit their head. You notice there is blood and fluid running from the child's ear and they are feeling dizzy. You activate the EAP and summon EMS personnel. What steps should you take next? a. Bring the child a chair, ask them to sit down and tell them not to move. Perform a secondary assessment while waiting for EMS personnel to arrive. b. Have the parent transport the child to the emergency room since they are already walking. c. Have the child lie down on the pool deck and perform a secondary assessment while waiting for EMS personnel to arrive. d. Provide manual stabilization while the other lifeguards prepare to backboard - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS A
The lifeguard supervisor expects the pool to be very busy in the afternoon. For effective patron surveillance, the supervisor sets up multiple lifeguard stations to reduce the number of patrons watched by each lifeguard. This type of coverage is called: a. Back-up coverage. b. Rescue coverage. c. Zone coverage. d. Total coverage. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS C The following statements describe appropriate rescue techniques for a victim with a suspected spinal injury, EXCEPT: a. If the victim is at the surface in deep water, you may need a rescue tube to support yourself and the victim. b. If the victim is submerged, you should not use the rescue tube when submerging and bringing the victim to the surface. c. If the victim is small and is in shallow water, you do not need to use a backboard to extricate the victim. d. If the victim is in shallow water, you do not need to use a rescue tube to support yourself. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS C A patron collides with another swimmer while diving into the pool and asks the lifeguard for help. Without performing an assessment, the lifeguard tells the patron that they can continue swimming. The patron leaves the facility and seeks medical attention from a hospital after they begins to feel tingling sensations in their arms and legs. The lifeguard may be: a. A Good Samaritan. b. Negligent. c. Following the refusal-of-care principle. d. Using the RID factor. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS B Why is it important to attend a pre-season orientation and training? a. To ensure that lifeguards understand their responsibilities and know how to perform their job. b. To ensure that lifeguards get practice with their facility's safety and rescue equipment and emergency action plans. c. To ensure lifeguards understand codes, rules and regulations of the facility. d. All of the above. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS D During a weather-related power failure at a facility, you should: a. Clear everyone from the pool. b. Let patrons continue swimming. c. Let patrons sit on the edge with their feet in the water. d. Monitor weather reports while patrons continue to swim. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS A
d. When the facility has more patrons than its designed capacity allows. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS B When conducting a swim test, Lifeguards should use the: a. Water Safety Steps b. Safe Swimming Sequence c. Water Competency Sequence d. Safe Swimming Steps - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS C Members of the safety team, including non-lifeguard personnel, should be: a. Trained in CPR if they interested in receiving training. b. Trained to follow the other EAP duties that do not involve providing care. c. Trained in first aid and CPR for non-professionals. d. Trained and certified in first aid and CPR/ AED at the same level of the lifeguard team
- THE CORRECT ASNWER IS D You are approaching a victim who is horizontal in the water, at the surface in 4 feet of water. The victim is facing you and appears to be unconscious. What rescue technique would be appropriate in this situation? a. Active victim front rescue. b. Passive victim front rescue. c. Passive victim in extreme shallow water - face up. d. Submerged victim in shallow water. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS B A patron dives into the shallow end of the lap pool. You suspect a head, neck or spinal injury because the patron performed a high-risk, high-impact activity and has: a. An elevated body temperature. b. Blood in the ears and nose. c. An irregular heartbeat. d. Impaired hearing. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS B Which of the following statement(s) are true about the equipment that lifeguards should wear or carry? a. Lifeguards should wear their rescue tube at all times when on surveillance duty. b. Lifeguard should either wear a hip pack, or keep it strapped to their chair for easy access. c. Lifeguards should keep latex gloves in their hip pack at all times. d. All of the above. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS A is correct on test, D is actually correct
