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Material Type: Notes; Class: Physical Biochemistry; Subject: Chemistry; University: University of California - Los Angeles; Term: Spring 2005;
Typology: Study notes
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Chem 156 Spring 2005 Prof. Hubbell
Summary of Lecture 16
− o
Φ o is in volts, σ is the surface charge density in charges/A^2 (with correct sign), C is the molar concentration of electrolyte, and Z is the valence of the electrolyte (absolute value). The inverse hyperbolic sine is defined as
The distance dependence from the surface is
np
o w np
o
or, if the solute is a liquid and the equilibrium is between pure liquid S and water
difference in free energy of the solute S with the two solvents. This is the quantity needed to understand the insolubility of non-polar solutes in water.
Experimental values of K as a function of chain length for the homologous series of alkanes, alkanols and fatty acids show that
o np
o
CH CH OH
o np
o
CH CH COOH
o np
o
Note that the free energy contributions from –CH 3 and –CH 2 - groups are positive and essentially constant. The contributions of the polar groups are negative, and favor the transfer to water.