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Lecture notes chem 343 organic chem, Lecture notes of Organic Chemistry

Lecture notes chem 343 organic chem

Typology: Lecture notes

2022/2023

Uploaded on 04/25/2023

michael-shammo-1
michael-shammo-1 🇺🇸

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Chapter 2B. Acids & Bases
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Chapter 2B. Acids & Bases

Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases

“Brønsted-Lowry” is usually shortened to “Brønsted”

A Brønsted acid is a substance that donates a proton (H

A Brønsted base is a substance that accepts the H

5

Predicting Acid–Base Reactions from p

K

a

Values

Stronger acid(smaller p K a ) Stronger base Weaker acid(higher p K a ) Weaker base

Stronger acid/base

Weaker acid/base

(Equilibrium preference)

Stronger acid Stronger base Weaker base Weaker acid

Some Lewis Acids

A Lewis acid has a vacant valence orbital that can accept an electron pair

Some Lewis Bases

A Lewis base donates an electron pair

  • 2.44 2.40 2.
  • 2.44 2.40 2.

Q: In the equilibrium reaction below,

  1. Identify conjugate acid-base pairs.2) Which is the strongest acid? Why?3) Which is the strongest base? Why?4) The equilibrium favors which side: left side or right side? Why?5) Provide a curved arrow mechanism for the reaction. (Note: pK a H 2 O = 15.7, pKa NH 3 = 36)