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Chapter 2B. Acids & Bases
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Lecture notes chem 343 organic chem, Lecture notes of Organic Chemistry
Lecture notes chem 343 organic chem
Typology: Lecture notes
2022/2023
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Chapter 2B. Acids & Bases
Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases
“Brønsted-Lowry” is usually shortened to “Brønsted”
A Brønsted acid is a substance that donates a proton (H
A Brønsted base is a substance that accepts the H
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Predicting Acid–Base Reactions from p
K
a
Values
Stronger acid(smaller p K a ) Stronger base Weaker acid(higher p K a ) Weaker base
Stronger acid/base
Weaker acid/base
(Equilibrium preference)
Stronger acid Stronger base Weaker base Weaker acid
Some Lewis Acids
A Lewis acid has a vacant valence orbital that can accept an electron pair
Some Lewis Bases
A Lewis base donates an electron pair
- 2.44 2.40 2.
- 2.44 2.40 2.
Q: In the equilibrium reaction below,
- Identify conjugate acid-base pairs.2) Which is the strongest acid? Why?3) Which is the strongest base? Why?4) The equilibrium favors which side: left side or right side? Why?5) Provide a curved arrow mechanism for the reaction. (Note: pK a H 2 O = 15.7, pKa NH 3 = 36)