Download Lecture 14 | BIOL 225 - Intro Molecules, Cells & Devp and more Quizzes Biology in PDF only on Docsity!
two key events of mitosis and the cell cycle
replication of hereditary material separation of chromosomes into two daugher cells TERM 2
mitotic spindle
DEFINITION 2 forms from a MTOC (centrosome) spindle fibers contact each chromosome at its kinetochore TERM 3
dineins, kinesins and other motor proteins...
DEFINITION 3 walk chromosomes down microtubules TERM 4
cytokinesis in animals
DEFINITION 4 cleavage furrow- vesicles are transported from the golgi to the middle of the dividing cell, they fuse together to form a cell plate contraction of ring of actin filaments and myosin within the cell causes cytokinesis TERM 5
gap phases
DEFINITION 5 organelles replicate additional cytoplasm is made cells perform all their normal cell functions during G
mitosis promoting factor MPF
present in the cytoplasm of M-phase cells, induces mitosis TERM 7
cdk
DEFINITION 7 cyclin dependent kinase- active only when bound to cyclin (allosteric effector) catalyzes phosphorylation of other proteins to start mitosis when cyclin levels are high, more MPFs are active TERM 8
allosteric effector
DEFINITION 8 An effector is a molecule that binds to a protein and thereby alters the activity of that protein (changes shape and therefore function) TERM 9
where were cyclins first discovered?
DEFINITION 9 sear urchin embryos accumulate gradually during interphase and are abruptly destroyed during mitosis TERM 10
G1 Checkpoint
DEFINITION 10 pass this point if: cell size is adequate nutrients are sufficient social signals are present DNA is undamaged
M
chromosome separation TERM 17
cancer
DEFINITION 17 cells divide without GF's no longer subject to social control in G1 checkpoint
