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Concepts and Theories in Human Development, Quizzes of Developmental Psychology

Definitions and explanations for various terms and concepts related to the scientific study of human development, including different theories, periods, and approaches to understanding human growth and change. It covers topics such as ontogeny, phylogeny, continuity and discontinuity in development, mental testing, behaviorism, psychoanalytic theory, cognitive development, personality traits, and research strategies.

Typology: Quizzes

2012/2013

Uploaded on 02/18/2013

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TERM 1
scientific
DEFINITION 1
must be falsifiable
TERM 2
applied
DEFINITION 2
use in practice; practical
TERM 3
interdisciplinary
DEFINITION 3
human development is an multi-disciplinary study
encompassing many fields
TERM 4
human development
DEFINITION 4
scientific study of physiological, emotional, cognitive, and
perceptual changes that occur in humans
TERM 5
ontogeny
DEFINITION 5
individual development; perpetually ongoing
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scientific

must be falsifiable

TERM 2

applied

DEFINITION 2

use in practice; practical

TERM 3

interdisciplinary

DEFINITION 3

human development is an multi-disciplinary study

encompassing many fields

TERM 4

human development

DEFINITION 4

scientific study of physiological, emotional, cognitive, and

perceptual changes that occur in humans

TERM 5

ontogeny

DEFINITION 5

individual development; perpetually ongoing

phylogeny

species development

TERM 7

lifespan view of development

DEFINITION 7

emotional, cognitive, and physical aspects are all intimately

linked throughout development; one affects another

TERM 8

dialectic progression of theories

DEFINITION 8

Hegel; a thesis and alternate "anti-thesis" are reviewed and

the best of both are synthesized into a new thesis, process

then repeats

TERM 9

continuous theorists

DEFINITION 9

Binet, Watson, Miller

TERM 10

discontinuous theorists

DEFINITION 10

Freud & Piaget

sensorimotor period

birth to 2 years; development of object permanance

TERM 17

preoperational period

DEFINITION 17

age 2 to 7; symbolic though and centration

TERM 18

concrete operational period

DEFINITION 18

age 7 to 11; hierarchical organization, mastery of

conservation (think about the two glasses of water video)

TERM 19

formal operational period

DEFINITION 19

age 11 and on; systematic thinking and grasp of abstract

ideas

TERM 20

stability

DEFINITION 20

early experience may have lifelong impact; high or low in

certain characteristics may remain at those levels late in life

plasticity

change IS possible, based on experiences

TERM 22

big five personality traits

DEFINITION 22

Plasticity:O = opennessE = extraversionStability:C =

conscientiousnessA = agreeablenessN = neuroticism

(emotional stability)

TERM 23

modes of adaptability

DEFINITION 23

homeostasis: short, lasts days at mostdevelopmental

plasticity: middle, days to yearsselection: generations to

millennia; think evolution

TERM 24

linear development

DEFINITION 24

neo-darwinian; mendelian genetics, central dogma of

molecular biology (DNA>RNA>Protein)

TERM 25

emergent properties

DEFINITION 25

components combining to form something with properties

totally unlike the component's individual properties

information processing theory

nature and continuous supporting theory where human

cognition is like a computer: input being experience and

output being a behavior

TERM 32

sociocultural theory

DEFINITION 32

Vygotsky; emphasis on social interaction to pass down skills

and culture; zone of proximal development

TERM 33

Vygotsky vs. Piaget

DEFINITION 33

Piaget: inward to outward, stage conflicts,

universalVygotsky: outward to inward, social, different for

everyone

TERM 34

correlational design

DEFINITION 34

relationship between variables

TERM 35

experimental

DEFINITION 35

cause and effect, might not be as generalizable

choosing a research strategy

based on what types of operational definitions you use

(measurements like systematic observation, self-report,

ethnographies, and/or case studies)

TERM 37

longitudinal study

DEFINITION 37

same group of people studied across time; susceptible to

cohort effects

TERM 38

cross-sectional study

DEFINITION 38

different groups of people studied at the same time

TERM 39

sequential study

DEFINITION 39

several cross sectional and longitudinal studies at varying

times