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First Aid, CPR, and AED: Law Enforcement and Emergency Medical Services, Study notes of Law

A comprehensive overview of the role of law enforcement officers in emergency medical situations. It covers key components of the ems system, including dispatchers, first responders, emts, paramedics, and receiving facilities. The document also delves into the primary responsibilities of law enforcement officers in ems, including scene safety, victim assessment, and medical care initiation. It emphasizes the importance of universal precautions and personal protective equipment (ppe) to mitigate exposure risks. Additionally, the document explores legal considerations related to ems, including consent, negligence, and immunity.

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2024/2025

Uploaded on 04/09/2025

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LO 34: FIRST AID, CPR, AND AED
Chapter 1: Law Enforcement and Emergency Medical Services
1. Components of EMS:
1. Dispatcher
2. First responder: Entry level medically trained person
3.
EMT: Provides BLS (basic life support)
4. Paramedic: Provides ALS (advanced life support)
5. Receiving facility ff-4>""� VUf"IM;.t 'l re-t-, Oi.t'P�
2. Primary responsibilities of LEO's for EMS '
1. Get to the scene as quickly and as safely as possible
2. LEO's are often the medical first responders, and need to:
1. Provide officer and public safety
1. Unsafe conditions, armed suspects, explosives, chemical or bio
hazards
2. Evaluate emergency situation (size up scene)
1. Location, type of emergency, condition/number of victims, need
for additional resources, and urgent enforcement actions
3. Initiate medical action
1. Basic level of med care
4. Take enforcement action
1. Control scene, document, take statements, investigative actions
3. Peace officer welfare and safety
1. Pathogens
1. Bacteria: microscopic, only harmful when considered a pathogen
2. Virus: submicroscopic, infect live cells
2. Transfer of pathogens
1. Airborne, blood borne (includes bodily fluids)
3. Chain of transmission
1. Term for how pathogens are spread
1. Infectious agent (type of pathog·en,virus, etc.)
2. Reservoir/source (person or body where it is held)
3. Portal of exit (sneeze, cough, etc.)
4. Means of transmission (airborne, blood, body fluid)
5. Portal of entry (where it enters the host)
6. Susceptible host --"��
4. Exposure
1. Due to nature of LE, LEO's are at high exposure risk-� t.;: U47>�
5.
Personal protective equipment (PPE) helps mitigate risk
1. Gloves, eye protection, masks, gowns, ventilation devices (think CPR)
1.
Gloves: for single use only, leather not an effective barrier
2. Eye protection: protection from front and sides, clean after use
3. Gowns: should only be used once then disposed of
4. Always correctly dispose of PPE in biohazard/sharps containers,
etc.
2. Should dispose of PPE accordingly, use proper procedures for blood
borne pathogens
6. Universal precautions
1. Treat all body fluids as if they are contaminated, wash hands, hand
sanitizer, cover wounds
2. Stay in good shape
3. Document exposure if exposed
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LO 34: FIRST AID, CPR, AND AED

Chapter 1: Law Enforcement and Emergency Medical Services

  1. Components of EMS:
    1. Dispatcher
  2. First responder: Entry level medically trained person 3.^ EMT: Provides BLS (basic life support)
  3. Paramedic: Provides ALS (advanced life support)
  4. Receiving facility (^) ff-4>""� VUf"IM;.t 'l re-t-, Oi.t'P�
  5. Primary responsibilities of LEO's for EMS
  1. Get to the scene as quickly and as safely as possible
  2. LEO's are often the medical first responders, and need to:
  3. Provide officer and public safety
  4. Unsafe conditions, armed suspects, explosives, chemical or bio hazards
  5. Evaluate emergency situation (size up scene)
  6. Location, type of emergency, condition/number of victims, need for additional resources, and urgent enforcement actions
  7. Initiate medical action
  8. Basic level of med care
  9. Take enforcement action
  10. Control scene, document, take statements, investigative actions
  11. Peace officer welfare and safety
  12. Pathogens
  13. Bacteria: microscopic, only harmful when considered a pathogen
  14. Virus: submicroscopic, infect live cells
  15. Transfer of pathogens
  16. Airborne, blood borne (includes bodily fluids)
  17. Chain of transmission
  18. Term for how pathogens are spread
  19. Infectious agent (type of pathog·en,virus, etc.)
  20. Reservoir/source (person or body where it is held)
  21. Portal of exit (sneeze, cough, etc.)
  22. Means of transmission (airborne, blood, body fluid)
  23. Portal of entry (where it enters the host)
  24. Susceptible host - -"�� �
  25. Exposure
  26. Due to nature of LE, LEO's are at high exposure risk-� t.;: U47>� 5.^ Personal protective equipment (PPE) helps mitigate risk
  27. Gloves, eye protection, masks, gowns, ventilation devices (think CPR)
  28. Gloves: for single use only, leather not an effective barrier
  29. Eye protection: protection from front and sides, clean after use
  30. Gowns: should only be used once then disposed of
  31. Always correctly dispose of PPE in biohazard/sharps containers, etc.
  32. Should dispose of PPE accordingly, use proper procedures for blood borne pathogens
  33. Universal precautions
  34. Treat all body fluids as if they are contaminated, wash hands, hand sanitizer, cover wounds
  35. Stay in good shape
  36. Document exposure if exposed
  1. Legal protections regarding EMS
    1. LEO's have a responsibility to act and respond in order to:
      1. Assess emergency situations
  2. Initiate emergency medical care
  3. (^) Do not have to render care if reasonable danger exists (under fire, exposure to hazardous materials)
  4. LEO's have immunity if:
  5. Act in scope of employment
  6. Act in good faith
  7. Act in scope of training and policy
  8. Negligence i. LEO's will lose immunity if act outside of scope of training
  9. (^) LEO's will lose immunity if they fail to act
  10. Consent i. LEO's must ID themselves and ask for expressed consent
  11. Consent can be given if: i. Patient is conscious and oriented
  12. Mentally competent
  13. **18 or older, or emancipated minor
  14. Adults have right to refuse consent**
  15. Implied consent i. Legal position that patient would consent under normal circumstances
  16. (^) If patient is incapable of giving expressed consent (unconscious, metal state, 11550, juvenile)
  17. Life threatening conditions
  18. If pattent is left untreated and will die, EMS can assume consent regardless
  19. Once LEO initiates medical care, they must stay with patient until:
  20. LEO cannot physically cannot continue
  21. LEO is relieved by person with equal or greater training
  22. Scene becomes unsafe Chapter 2: Victim Assessment
  23. Two part process i. Primary assessment: Rapid, to detect life threatening conditions
  24. Responsiveness (AVPU)
  25. A: Alert

•� P�,:1� � �.

d r-eo � ,-,, � o/'J

4 � � �^ 1.

  1. V: Verbal

  2. P: Painful

  3. U: Unresponsive If unresponsive: request additional EMS, check airway and circulation

  4. ABC

If responsive: control bleeders, treat shock, request additional EMS (ABC's are already taken care of, they are conscious) If pulse, breathing, but unconscious, place in recovery position if appropriate

Airway: Head tilt, chin lift. IF C SPINE, JAW THRUST Breathing: no breath no pulse-CPR. No breath with pulse-rescue breaths Circulation: no pulse-CPR, pulse with no breath- rescue breaths