Download LD 34-FIRST AID CPR EXAM 2025/ACTUAL EXAM WITH 110Qs&As| SOLVED 2025/2026|A+ GRADE ASSURED and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
LD 34-FIRST AID CPR EXAM 2025/ACTUAL EXAM
WITH 110 Qs &As|SOLVED 2025/2026|A+ GRADE
ASSURED
Components of EMS System - ANS:->>>
- Dispatcher
- First Responder
- Emergency Medical Technician
- Paramedic
- Receiving Facility CPR sequence - ANS:->>>
- provide external chest compressions to circulate victim's blood
- maintain an open airway
- provide rescue breaths Abdominal thrust - ANS:->>> A technique used to force air out of the lungs, expelling obstructions from a victim's airway Abrasion - ANS:->>> An open wound characterized by a scraping away of only the outer portion of the skin Active shooter - ANS:->>> An active shooter is an individual actively engaging in killing, or attempting to kill, people in a confined or heavily populated area Airborne pathogens - ANS:->>> A pathogen that is spread by tiny droplets sprayed during breathing, coughing, or sneezing Airway - ANS:->>> The passageway by which air enters and leaves the lungs Amniotic fluid - ANS:->>> Amniotic fluid is a clear, slightly yellowish liquid that surrounds the unborn fetus durning pregnancy. It is contained in the amniotic sac
Amputations - ANS:->>> An open wound characterized by a surgical or traumatic removal of a body extremity Anaphylaxis (anaphylactic shock) - ANS:->>> A sever life-threatening allergic reaction caused by exposure to certain allergens Automated External Defibrillator (AED) - ANS:->>> An external defibrillator capable of cardiac rhythm analysis which can deliver an electric shock to a cardiac arrest victim Carotid pulse - ANS:->>> The most reliable indication that the victim's heart is functioning and to determine the severity of the victim's condition during the assessment process; felt on either side of the neck Cartilage - ANS:->>> Connective tissue that covers the outside of the end of bones; helps for certain flexible structures of the body and allows for smooth movement of bones at joints Cervix - ANS:->>> The cervix is the lower end of the womb (uterus). It is a passage way that allows blood from a menstrual period and a baby (fetus) to pass from the womb into the vagina Chemical burn - ANS:->>> Burn caused by acids or alkalis coming into contact with the skin
- most frequently occurs in industrial settings Chest seal - ANS:->>> An occlusive dressing designed for treating penetrating chest wounds (also known as a sucking chest wound), a life-threatening condition that could lead to tension pneumothorax Chest thrust - ANS:->>> A maneuver used to force obstructions from a victim's
for electrical current
- Sources include:
- alternating current
- direct current
- lightning
- May cause extensive internal injuries to the :
- heart (cardiac arrest)
- central nervous system
- vital organs Emergency Medical Services (EMS) - ANS:->>> First aid and medical services, rescue procedures and transportation, or other related activities necessary to ensure the health or safety of a person in imminent peril Emergency rescue personnel - ANS:->>> Any person who is a peace officer, employee or member of a fire department, fire protection, or firefighting agency of the federal, state, city, or county government Epidermis - ANS:->>> Outer-most layer of skin Epinephrine - ANS:->>> A hormone produced by the body; when administered as a medication, it will construct blood vessels and dilate the bronchioles helping to open a victim's airway Fainting - ANS:->>> A form of shock characterized by sudden unconsciousness Finger sweep - ANS:->>> Opening the victim's mouth by grasping both the tongue and lower jaw in hand then inserting the index finger along the victim's cheek then the thrust to hook the object
Primary Responsibilities ā ANS:->>> As first responders, Peace Officers should assume the primary responsibility for:
- ensuring peace officer safety as well as the safety of ill or injured individuals and the public
- evaluating the emergency situation (scene size-up)
- taking necessary enforcement actions related to the incident
- initiating actions regarding the well-being and care of ill or injured persons Chain of transmission - ANS:->>> ā¢infectious agent (bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites)
- reservoir/source
- portal of exit
- means of transmission
- portal of entry
- susceptible host Universal precautions - ANS:->>> ā¢TREAT ALL BODY FLUIDS AS IF THEY ARE CONTAMINATED!
- If possible, wash hands thoroughly with warm water and soap before and after each exposure, even when gloves are worn
- Use hand sanitizer if hand washing is not available
- Use bandages or other cover protections when open cuts or sores exist Responsibility to act - ANS:->>> As trained professionals, peace officers have a responsibility to:
- Assess emergency situations
- Initiate appropriate emergency medical care within the scope of the officer's training and specific agency policy A peace officer is not required to render care when reasonable danger exists (while under fire, exposure to hazardous materials, etc.)
Universal precautions - ANS:->>> ā¢TREAT ALL BODY FLUIDS AS IF THEY ARE CONTAMINATED!
- If possible, wash hands thoroughly with warm water and soap before and after each exposure, even when gloves are worn
- Use hand sanitizer if hand washing is not available
- Use bandages or other cover protections when open cuts or sores exist Responsibility to act - ANS:->>> As trained professionals, peace officers have a responsibility to:
- Assess emergency situations
- Initiate appropriate emergency medical care within the scope of the officer's training and specific agency policy A peace officer is not required to render care when reasonable danger exists (while under fire, exposure to hazardous materials, etc.) Expressed consent - ANS:->>> In order to give lawful consent, the ill or injured person must be:
- conscious and oriented
- mentally competent enough to make rational decisions regarding their well-being
- 18 years or older, or an emancipated kinor Implied Consent - ANS:->>> Is a legal position that assumes that an unconscious person or confused victim would consent to receiving emergency medical services if that person were able to do so. Emergency Rescue Personnel have a responsibility to perform emergency medical services when the victim is:
- unconscious
- incapable of giving consent due to a developmental, emotional, or mental disability
- in an altered mental state due to alcohol, drugs, head injury, etc..
- a juvenile, and the parent or guardian is not present
Duty to continue - ANS:->>> Once a peace officer initiates medical services, that officer must remain with the victim until:
- the officer is physically unable to continue or
- the officer is relieved by an individual with equal or greater training or
- the scene becomes unsafe for the officer to remain Primary assessment - ANS:->>> Rapid, systematic process to detect life- threatening conditions Actions:
- check for responsiveness
- check (ABC)
- Airway
- Breathing
- Circulation
- control major bleeding
- treat for shock
- consider C-Spine stabilization based on mechanism of injury Secondary assessment - ANS:->>> Systematic head to toe assessment to determine whether conditions exist Actions:
- check and document vital signs
- skin color
- temperature
- respiratory rate
- pulse rate
- conduct a head to toe check to identify injuries
- gather initial information regarding the victim and the incident including patient history
breathing maneuver Glucose - ANS:->>> The basic source of energy within the human cell Head-tilt/chin-lift - ANS:->>> Technique used to open a victim's airway when there are no indications of head, neck, or spinal injury Heart attack - ANS:->>> When the heart muscle goes into distress due to lack of oxygenated blood. If the heart is sufficiently damaged, cardiac arrest will result. The greatest risk of death from heart attack is within 2 hours after the onset of symptoms Heat cramps - ANS:->>> A condition caused when the body loses too much salt due to prolonged perspiration Heat exhaustion - ANS:->>> A form of shock that can occur when the body becomes dehydrated; more serious than heat cramps Heat stroke - ANS:->>> A life-threatening condition which occurs when the body's internal temperature rises abnormally high Hemorrhage - ANS:->>> Rapid loss of blood due to a ruptured blood vessel, artery or organ High blood sugar - ANS:->>> Hyperglycemia Hyper-ventilation - ANS:->>> Abnormally rapid breathing Hypothermia - ANS:->>> When the body's internal temperature drops to the point where body systems are effected
Implied consent - ANS:->>> The legal position that assumes an unconscious, confused, or seriously ill victim would consent to receiving emergency medical services if that person were able to do so Incision - ANS:->>> An open wound characterized by a smooth, straight cut caused by a sharp object Insulin - ANS:->>> A hormone produced by the pancreas that must be present in the body in order for glucose to pass from the bloodstream into the body's cells Jaw thrust - ANS:->>> Technique used to open a victims airway when there are indications of head, neck, or spinal injury Joint - ANS:->>> Location where bones fit together; allows for body movement Laceration - ANS:->>> And open wound characterized by a jagged-edge wound caused by objects tearing a ripping the skin Ligament - ANS:->>> Connective tissue that attaches to the end of bones and supports joints; allows for stable range of motion Low blood sugar - ANS:->>> Hypoglycemia Mild airway obstruction - ANS:->>> When the victim indicates an airway problem (i.e. choking) but is able to speak or cough Occlusive dressing - ANS:->>> A non-porous dressing used to cover a wound in create an airtight seal Open fracture - ANS:->>> Broken bone where there is a break in the skin at the site of the fracture
Pulse - ANS:->>> A pulse, measured in beats per minute, is an indication of the rate of blood flow through the body Puncture - ANS:->>> And open wound characterized by a deep wound through the skin and other tissue Radiation burns - ANS:->>> Illness and symptoms resulting from excessive exposure to radiation, whether that exposures accidental or intentional (as in radiation therapy) Recovery position - ANS:->>> On the victims side with the head supported by the lower forearm Rescue teams - ANS:->>> Person is deployed to assess, triage and treat victims Rescue breathing - ANS:->>> The process of using one's own breaths to artificially breathe for a victim Respiration rate - ANS:->>> The number of breathing cycles (inhaling and exhaling) per minute Respiratory arrest - ANS:->>> Complete cessation of breathing Respiratory failure - ANS:->>> The inability to intake oxygen, to the point where life cannot be sustained Second-degree burn - ANS:->>> Damage to the epidermis and dermis, as known as partial thickness. Also referred to as partial thickness burns. Circulatory system - ANS:->>> The three components to the human circulatory system are the:
- heart
- blood vessels
- blood Third-degree burn - ANS:->>> Damage to the epidermis, dermis, and into fatty layer and muscle beneath the skin. Also referred to as full thickness burns. Thermal burns - ANS:->>> ā¢Caused by direct heat
- Possible causal agents include:
- radiation (exposure to sun, radioactive material)
- fire
- steam
- hot liquids
- hot objects Indicators of Radiation sickness - ANS:->>> ā¢Nausea and vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Skin burns
- Weakness
- Fatigue
- Loss of appetite
- Fainting
- Dehydration
- Inflammation of tissues
- Bleeding from nose, mouth, gums and rectum
- Low red blood cell count (anemia)
- Hair loss Self-care/buddy care - ANS:->>> Applying life-saving skills and techniques to
Sprai ns Strai ns Types of open wounds - ANS:->>> Abrasion Incision Laceration Puncture (Penetrating) Avulsion Amputation
