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A collection of questions and answers related to law enforcement and safety, covering topics such as firearm safety, vehicle operation, and tactical procedures. It provides insights into the principles and practices of safe handling of firearms, defensive driving techniques, and room clearing strategies. Valuable for understanding the importance of safety protocols and procedures in law enforcement and related fields.
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How many shooting happen within 21 feet? ✔✔Approximately 85%. Of the percentage of shootings that happen within 21 feet, what percent of those occur within 5 feet or less? ✔✔Approximately 50% How often do most shootings last? ✔✔Around 5 seconds with 5 or less bullets fired. Who is a safety officer on the gun range? ✔✔Everyone is. What percentage of shootings occur within the hours of 1800 to 0600? ✔✔Over 60% What is the purpose of hollow point bullets? ✔✔To expand upon entry to make a larger wound cavity. How many shots should you fire in a deadly force situation? ✔✔shoot until the threat stops. What three things must be present to make a gun safe or unsafe? ✔✔Firearm, ammunition, and shooter. What are the two main causes of firearm accidents? ✔✔Ignorance and carelessness. What are the basic elements to gun safety? ✔✔Positive attitude, Knowledge, and Skill. What does B.A.N.K stand for in reference to firearms safety? ✔✔Be sure of target and backdrop, all guns are loaded, never point weapon at something you do not intend to destroy, and keep your finger off trigger until ready to shoot.
What are the three pistol malfunctions? ✔✔Failure to fire, stove pipe, and double feed. What is the most common pistol malfunction? ✔✔Failure to fire. What is friction? ✔✔The resulting force the must be overcome when one body moves in contact with another body. What are the three types of friction? ✔✔Static, kinetic, and rolling. What is static friction? ✔✔The force exerted between two surfaces by weight alone. What is kinetic friction? ✔✔Sliding or slipping between two surfaces. What is rolling friction? ✔✔The gripping or pulling between two surfaces. How is Inertia described within laws of motion. ✔✔A body at rest will remain at rest and a body in motion will remain in motion in a strait line until acted upon by an external force. How Acceleration described within laws of motion? ✔✔The rate of change of momentum is proportional to the force acting on a body and momentum will take place in the direction of the force. How is action/ reaction described in laws of motion? ✔✔For every action there is an equal or opposite reaction. What is the TCA for deadly force? ✔✔ 39 - 11 - 620 What is momentum? ✔✔Vehicle mass x velocity How much does stopping distance increase by doubling speed? ✔✔By 4 times.
When should you brake. ✔✔Braking should always be done in a strait line before or after curve. What two of steering should be applied? ✔✔Shuffle steering or slip steering. What are the four types of skids? ✔✔Braking, cornering, power, and hydroplaning. How should you control a skid? ✔✔Let off the gas, counter steer into the direction of skid, and do not apply brake until steering is reestablished. What are the three parts of the curve? ✔✔Entry, apex, and exit. What to goals do vehicle maintenance accomplish? ✔✔Maintains operational efficiency/ safety and build your confidence. What TCA outlines operational audio and visual emergency equipment? ✔✔ 55 - 8 - 108 What TCA outlines Vanessa K free act and what is required through this act? ✔✔ 55 - 8 - 194, it requires a minimum of two hours of EVOC training annually. What should you never do in when nigh driving in reference to your headlights? ✔✔You should never out drive your headlights. How far should your reactionary gap be when pursuit driving? ✔✔ 4 seconds. What is your reaction time driving during the day? ✔✔1.6 seconds. What is your reaction time driving at nigh? ✔✔2.5 seconds. When is someone most likely to resist? ✔✔Upon first touch.
What is the total control theory? ✔✔Theory that a specific tool such as baton, taser, or pepper spray can be used to control all levels of resistance. What is the one plus one theory? ✔✔Theory that officers can use can use one step above the force used by subject to gain control. What is the most conservative use of force theory? ✔✔The one plus one theory. What are the levels of Resistance? ✔✔Psychological intimidation, verbal non-compliance, passive resistance, defensive resistance, active aggression, deadly force assaults. What are some available control principles? ✔✔Pain compliance, distraction techniques, mental stunning, balance displacement, and motor dysfunction. How long does a mental stun last? ✔✔Average stun last 3 - 7 seconds. What are your reactionary tactical options? ✔✔Penetrate or disengage. What is the greatest hazard of room clearing? ✔✔You do not know where or if there is a suspect. How many officers should be present when searching a building? ✔✔A minimum of two you should never search alone. What is cover? ✔✔Anything that will defeat a round. What is concealment? ✔✔Anything that will hide you but will not defeat a round. Where should you enter a building when searching? ✔✔Always try to use a door.
How do you demobilize a suspect using a flashlight? ✔✔By shining it in there eyes. When using a flashlight while building clearing why should you minimize your use and use it intermittently? ✔✔Because time in light equals time as a target. When securing the perimeter of a crime scene how big should it be? ✔✔Wide and you can always make it smaller. What is the best way to describe transfer concept? ✔✔Something is always taken to and from a scene. What is the most important factor in a crime scene photography? ✔✔Light. When are finger prints formed? ✔✔In the utero before birth. What should be used to process paper for the presents of latent prints? ✔✔Ninhydrin. What are major case prints? ✔✔Fingers fingertips, palms, and side of palms. What is a reference point? ✔✔A point of reference that is fixed and permanent. How many measurements should an item on a table at a crime scene have? ✔✔...................... What is the purpose of measuring crime scenes? ✔✔To be able to recreate scene after items are gone or moved. What is the main purpose of tire tread? ✔✔Traction. What are skid marks? ✔✔Tire marks in parallel striation in which tires did not rotate.
What is the difference between gouge and a scrape? ✔✔Depth and direction. How is a criminal crash investigation treated? ✔✔As any other crime scene investigation. What is included as temporary evidence in a crash investigation? ✔✔Tire shadows. What are the 3 types of prints ✔✔Latent (hidden) Patent (visible) Plastic (impressed) What is an erroneous identification ✔✔Having someone's fingerprint and saying it is someone else's Latent Prints ✔✔Prints that are NOT visible without being processed Patent Prints ✔✔Prints that are visible before being processed or enhanced We measure things so that we can ✔✔Reconstruct the crime scene Reference points must be ✔✔Fixed and permanent For each piece being measured you have to have ✔✔Two measurements Something on a surface has to be measured with ✔✔Three measurements Everything we do should be ✔✔Factual and pertinent to the case Approximately 85% of shootouts occur at a distance ✔✔Of less than 21 feet between the officer and the suspect
Safety B.A.N.K, what does A stand for ✔✔All guns are always loaded Safety B.A.N.K, what does N stand for ✔✔Never let the muzzle of your weapon cover anything you are not willing to destroy Safety B.A.N.K, what does K stand for ✔✔Keep your finger off the trigger until you are on target and ready to fire A semi-automatic pistol does NOT take clips it takes ✔✔Magazines The field strip ✔✔Frame Barrel Slide Recoil spring assembly What are the fundamentals of marksmanship ✔✔Stance Grip Sight alignment Sight picture Breathing Trigger control Follow through What is the most detrimental thing for shooters ✔✔Trigger control What are the 2 steps to sight picture/sight alignment ✔✔The tip of the front sight is level with the top of the rear sight and equally spaced from left to right The front sight should be clear and placed point of impact on the target while maintaining the sight picture
What is an emergency reload ✔✔The magazine is empty and the slide is locked back What is a tactical reload ✔✔Swapping magazines before lock-back ( slide doesn't have to be locked back) What is a condition one malfunction ✔✔A failure to fire (most common) What is a condition three malfunction ✔✔Double feed ( most difficult to remedy) Shoot to ✔✔Stop the threat What is the first law of motion ✔✔Inertia What is the Second law of motion ✔✔Acceleration What is the third law of motion? ✔✔Action/reaction What is inertia ✔✔A body at rest will stay at rest and a body in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon by an external force What is acceleration ✔✔Going only as fast as the acting body makes it What is action/reaction ✔✔For every action there is a reaction What are the only two things a driver can control ✔✔Direction and velocity What is friction ✔✔Resulting force that must be overcome when one body moves in contact with another
Collision avoidance How many seconds does it take to perceive a hazard ✔✔.75 seconds How many seconds does it take to redirect the vehicle ✔✔.85 seconds What are the three forces controlled by the driver ✔✔Acceleration Braking Steering Acceleration and deceleration should always be ✔✔Smooth What are the two categories of stops ✔✔Controlled stops Sudden stops What are the four types of skids ✔✔Braking Cornering Power Hydroplaning What are the three parts of a turn ✔✔Entry Apex ( high point or innermost part of turn) Exit Occupant Protection devices can be ✔✔Active and passive What is a active occupant Protection device ✔✔Seatbelt, head restraint, locking the car doors
What is a passive occupant Protection device ✔✔Ones that do not require action on your behalf Example: airbags Does an active safety device require your action ✔✔Yes What are 3 mental factors ✔✔Aggression Peer pressure Extreme emotions What is a professional driver ✔✔Someone who can get from point A to B in a safe and efficient manner What is an efficient driver ✔✔Someone with the ability to complete the trip with minimum effort and time What is a safe driver ✔✔Being able to interpret dangers and avoid them What is defensive driving ✔✔Recognize and avoiding dangers and taking the action to do so What are the 2 types of braking systems ✔✔Conventional ABS (automated braking system) When using conventional, what type of braking method should you use ✔✔Threshold What are the two types of steering methods ✔✔Slip steer Shuffle steer What are the three collisions in a crash ✔✔Vehicle Human
Mental stunning Balance displacement Motor dysfunction Applying pressure points ✔✔Stabilize target Locate pressure point Apply pressure/counter pressure Verbal commands Relieve pressure with compliance What are the pressure points on the head and neck areas ✔✔HEAD. NECK Mandibular angle. Jugular notch Hypoglossial. Infra-orbital What is the pressure point on your inside of your thigh ✔✔Femoral What is the pressure point on the outside of your thighs ✔✔Common peroneal What is the pressure point on your lower leg/foot ✔✔Superficial peroneal When can you use impact weapons ✔✔When empty hands has failed When you can articulate why you did not use empty hands Deadly force is not justified Knee strikes are the ✔✔Best distraction Double lock your hand cuffs when ✔✔It is tactically safe to do so
What are the three types of people we handcuff ✔✔Totally cooperative Potentially uncooperative Totally uncooperative What are the three occasions you can legally handcuff someone's ✔✔Commission of a crime Escape risk Safety concern What are the three things that make up max energy transfer for a strike ✔✔Mass Velocity Time on contact What is the most effective baton strike ✔✔Forward fluid shockwave What are the two most important variables in disarming ✔✔Weapon location Relative distance What is pain compliance ✔✔Use of pain to influence resistive behavior What is mental stunning ✔✔Stimulation of overwhelming sensory input that is sudden, intense, and unexpected What are distraction techniques ✔✔Actions that change somebody's thought process What is balance displacement ✔✔Moving subjects center of gravity beyond the point of stability of the subjects feet What should you use when you encounter resistance while handcuffing ✔✔Iron wristlock takedown
When drawing a field sketch you should ✔✔Both A and B photography is ✔✔The only way to bring the crime scene to the courtroom Crime scene response ✔✔is key component to any criminal investigation Dying Declaration ✔✔the last words of a person who was dying or thought they were dying and, which may be entered as hearsay evidence in a criminal trial GSR ✔✔Gun shot residue Gun powder leftover from shooting a gun