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Born-Lande equation. –Crystal structure are known. • Kapustinskii equation ... Sketch the born-haber cycles and calculate the.
Typology: Study notes
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pranjoto utomo
o o
o
o
2 o
Madelung Constant
Rock salt 1.
CsCl 1.
Zinc blende 1.
Fluorite 2.
Compressibility factor
18
17
11 10
Element n He 5 Ne 7 Ar, Cu 9 Kr, Ag 10 Xe, Au 12
8
2
7 9 n
o o
o
= number of ions per molecule NaCl = 2 Z+^ = positive charge Z-^ = negative charge ro = cation-anion equilibrium distance = r+ + r-
Example
Problem 1:
Sketch the born-haber cycles and calculate the enthalpy formation of sodium bromide: Na(s)
unbonded gaseous ions
Breaking bonds Forming gases
Forming (+) & (-) ions
Lattice energy
Na(s) + ½ Br 2 (g) NaBr(s)
Na+(g) + Br-(g)
metal + non-metal ionic compound
The enthalpy formation of NaBr:
Hof NaBr
=[(Hsub+ IE)Na+(Hdiss+(-EA) (^) Br]+(-Uo) (^) NaBr = (Hsub+ IE)Na + (Hdiss- EA)Br – (Uo)NaBr = 107 + 496 + 97 - 325 – 742 = -367 kJ.mol-
The more stable compound
NaCl NaCl 2 IE 1 +496 kJ.mol-1^ +496 kJ.mol- IE 2 +4562 kJ.mol- Uo -787 kJ.mol-1^ -2155 kJ.mol- Hof -441 kJ.mol-1^ +2555 kJ.mol-