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LANHAM EMT CHAPTER 7 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Nephritis indicates which kind of infection? - ANSWER Kidney
Which statement best describes the difference between cardiac and smooth muscle - ANSWER Cardiac muscle can generate its own electrical impulse; smooth muscle cannot
Accurately communicating patient injury information to other health care professionals is most reliant upon - ANSWER A good knowledge of proper anatomic terminology
Which body system protects internal organs of the chest and provides for movement of the extremities - ANSWER Musculoskeletal
When the diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax, which phase of the respiratory cycle happens next - ANSWER Exhalation
- For the lungs to oxygenate blood, there must be blood flow provided by the right ventricle to the alveoli. This is an example of which principle? - ANSWER Physiology
The segment of the spinal column that forms the posterior pelvis is the - ANSWER Sacral vertebrae
The spinal column is composed of which sections, described in order from most superior to most inferior? - ANSWER Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccyx
As you arrive on scene, an Emergency Medical Responder informs you that the patient has agonal respirations. Based on this description, you would expect the patient's breathing to be - ANSWER Occasional and gasping
An enlarged liver is best documented as: - ANSWER Hepalomegaly
A 23-year-old male patient has been shot with a rifle by an assailant standing in front of him. The bullet entered the victim's chest just above the left nipple and exited his body laterally left of his fourth lumbar vertebrae. Proper documentation of this injury would include: - ANSWER Entry wound to the anterior thorax
A patient with kidney failure has lost his ability to: - ANSWER Filter and excrete wastes
You are reading a patient care report written by your partner. Which sentence would cause you to tell your partner that you have found an error? - ANSWER "The patient was placed in a face-up prone position.
You have been called to transport a patient who has an illness that has impaired the involuntary muscles' ability to contract. What condition would you expect with this patient? - ANSWER Decreased peristaltic movement of the large intestine
Which division of the peripheral nervous system is responsible for increasing gastric juice secretions after a person eats a meal? - ANSWER Autonomic
A patient has experienced a burn to the skin. Based on the function of the skin, he is now more susceptible to - ANSWER Infection
Which portion of the heart is in failure when it can no longer effectively pump blood to the lungs - ANSWER Right ventricle
Which term refers to how the parts of the body function and interact - ANSWER Physiology
In which body system are the thyroid glands, adrenal glands, pituitary glands, and gonads located? - ANSWER Endocrine
Which statement best describes the anatomic position? - ANSWER Standing with the arms down at the side and palms facing forward
Which individual finding in a patient is the most reliable indicator that the patient is breathing inadequately - ANSWER Shallow breathing at a rate of 30 breaths/min in an infant
A patient with a calcaneal fracture has a broken - ANSWER Heel
Which statement about the human anatomy is true? - ANSWER The knee is proximal to the ankle
When palpating a pulse on top of the foot, the EMT is assessing blood flow in which vessel - ANSWER Dorsalis pedis artery
A paramedic tells you that a patient with a probable spine injury still retains his plantar reflexes. As a knowledgeable EMT, you should understand that the patient has reflex activity in which part of the body - ANSWER Feet
Which finding is a beta-1 sympathetic (adrenergic) effect - ANSWER Increased heart rate
A patient informs you that he has had his gallbladder surgically removed. Based on the physiology of the gallbladder, which statement is most true regarding this patient - ANSWER He may have difficulty digesting large amounts of fats
A patient described as dysphagic presents as - ANSWER Having difficulty swallowing
What is the name of the structure in males and females that transports the urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder? - ANSWER Ureters
Which type of joint provides the greatest amount of free motion - ANSWER Ball-and-socket joint
The structure containing a person's "voice box• is termed the: - ANSWER Larynx
The infant airway differs from the adult airway in that - ANSWER The infant's tongue takes up proportionately more space in the mouth
Degenerative disk disease to the vertebrae is characterized by damage to which structure(s) between the vertebrae - ANSWER lntervertebral disks
Based on the anatomic and physiological differences between an infant and an adult, which finding would suggest respiratory distress in an infant, but would be less likely to be observed in an adult? - ANSWER Excessive abdominal wall motion
A patient complains of extreme dizziness, headache, and other "stroke-like" symptoms. Which condition is most likely to be responsible for these symptoms - ANSWER Occlusion of the carotid arteries
Which term is most closely related to the elbow - ANSWER Cubital
A patient has a total occlusion of the left femoral artery. With this condition, which assessment finding would the EMT expect - ANSWER Pale skin to the left foo
Which assessment finding should the EMT expect after administering epinephrine to a patient - ANSWER Increased blood pressure
An 89-year-old female patient has fallen in her living room and has pain in her left hip. As you approach, you note that she is on her back with her left leg turned inward. When relaying this information to the receiving hospital, how would you describe her position?
- ANSWER Supine with medial rotation of the left lower extremity
up of several glands whose secretions cause specific actions in specific organs
What is the term that refers to the structure of the body? - ANSWER Anatomy
A patient with an orbital fracture is most likely to complain of - ANSWER Pain around the eye
Following radiation therapy for breast cancer, a female patient has a low white blood cell count. Which condition does this factor place her at risk to acquire? - ANSWER Infection
A patient is experiencing the backup of blood and fluid in her lung tissue. Failure of which of the heart's valves is likely responsible for this condition? - ANSWER Bicuspid
A female patient has suffered a stroke to the right side of her brain and has paralysis to the contralateral portion of the body. Which description of this condition is correct - ANSWER She cannot move her left arm and leg
Which plane would show the liver, stomach, and spleen - ANSWER Transverse plane
An example of a pivot joint of the body would be - ANSWER Where the radius and ulna meet the humerus
In the healthy heart, the electrical impulses that cause normal contraction of the cardiac muscle are initiated in the - ANSWER Sinoatrial node
The EMT shows correct understanding of the circulatory system when he identifies the primary function of the heart as - ANSWER Pumping blood throughout the body
A patient has taken a medication that increases the activity of his sympathetic nervous system. Given this treatment, which sign or symptom would the EMT expect to find -
ANSWER Dilated pupils
The nervous system is structurally subdivided into the - ANSWER Central and peripheral nervous systems
What is the name of the male reproductive structure that stores sperm - ANSWER Epididymis
The left side of a patient's heart is in severe failure, causing blood to back up behind it. Which sign or symptom are you most likely to observe first - ANSWER Crackles in the lungs
After you apply and use the automated external defibrillator, a patient regains his pulse and has adequate respirations. The paramedic asks you to place he patient in a lateral recumbent position. How should you position this patient? - ANSWER On his left side
As a patient provides you with her past medical history, which condition should you recognize as directly related to the endocrine system - ANSWER Removal of the thyroid
Which organ(s) is (are) responsible for production and secretion of the primary female hormone progesterone? - ANSWER Ovaries
A patient complains of pain to the upper jaw. This would be documented as pain in the - ANSWER Maxilla
Knowing that muscular dystrophy affects the voluntary muscles, which additional problem should you expect to be a direct effect of the disease - ANSWER Inability to walk
The terms "occipital," "parietal," and "frontal" can refer collectively to which part of the body - ANSWER Cranium
clots, even when they are not needed to stop bleeding. Which condition could you expect the patient to have that contributes to the blood clotting - ANSWER Elevated number of platelets
Assessment of an elderly male patients reveals that he is confused. His family states that this status is normal for him because he has a disease of his brain that has affected his ability to remember things. Based on this information, in which area of the brain is this disease located - ANSWER Cerebrum
You are using cryotherapy to treat a deformed and painful ankle. This treatment involves the use of: - ANSWER Ice
A patient suffering a carpal fracture would most likely complain of pain in her - ANSWER Wrist
Acrocyanosis is best described as a bluish discoloration of the patient's - ANSWER Extremities
Understanding physiology will allow the EMT to understand that bronchoconstriction will have which effect on breathing - ANSWER There will be an increase in the work of breathing
You are assessing a patient with an obvious left midshaft femur fracture. The most immediate threat to this patient's survival is - ANSWER Blood loss
Occlusion to which pulmonary structure would cause total cessation of airflow into and out of the lungs - ANSWER Trachea
What is the name of the fluid that carries blood cells and nutrients - ANSWER Plasma
Emergency Medical Responders inform you that a 73-year-old female patient has fallen and has a hematoma to the occipital area of her head. Based on this description, you should expect to find the injury in which area of the head - ANSWER Back
What is the basic function of the respiratory system - ANSWER Exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide with the environment
A patient with asthma is short of breath because her small airways are constricted. For this patient, the best medication is one that has which sympathetic (adrenergic) properties - ANSWER Beta-
A patient has experienced a stroke that has permanently injured his brainstem. Which sign or symptom might the EMT expect to find as a result of this condition - ANSWER Abnormal respirations
