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Main points of this lecture are: Land Tenure, Property Rights Concepts and Terminology, Land in the News, Fundamental Concepts, Land Tenure, Bundle of Rights, Type of Right, Basic Tenures, Customary Land Tenure, Security of Tenure, Land Reform
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What is land tenure?
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Individual property: Strands of property bundle are held by a natural or legal person
Community property : Strands are shared among members of a community or association
Public (or state) property: Strands are concentrated, held and managed by the government
Terra nullius : Land to belongs to no one. Does it exist?
Tenures (several bundles of rights and responsibilities which compliment each other) and Institutions (land management/administration), with Connections to larger systems (e.g., economic, political, social systems), which produce certain Results (equity, efficiency, or more narrowly, security, productivity, distribution, marketability, credit access)
What is customary land tenure?
What is land reform?
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Type of Reform Interventions
Reforms that strengthen property rights and security
Land law reform (land tenure reform) Land formalization (titling and registration) Reform of land management/ land administration
Reforms that strengthen access
Redistributive land reform From large private holders, or the state Expropriation or market mechanism Tenancy reform and other law reforms Restitution Resettlement
Regulatory interventions
Land use planning Land consolidation
1. Informality = insecurity? 2. Titling: the state confers a title on an
individual in specified land, either by grant or by recognition of a pre-existing right
3. Registration: creation of an official, public
record of the right (title registration) or the document creating the right (deed registration)
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Country Projects Area (000 ha) Median Size (ha)
Domestic Share Cambodia 61 958 8,985 70 Ethiopia 406 1,190 700 49 Liberia 17 1,602 59,374 7 Mozambique 405 2,670 2,225 53 Nigeria 115 793 1,500 97 Sudan 132 3,965 7,980 78
Data for 2004-09 except for Cambodia and Nigeria which cover 1990-2006. Domestic share is proportion of total transferred area allocated to domestic investors: Source: The World Bank, Rising Global Interest in Farmland, 2011.