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Material Type: Lab; Class: ELECTRICAL FUNDAMENTALS I; Subject: Engineering Science; University: Oregon State University; Term: Winter 2002;
Typology: Lab Reports
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Format:
The laboratory notebook will be bound. No loose sheets of paper are to be used when recording data or reporting results (except for graphs). Spiral bound notebooks (8.5"x11") are satisfactory for this class. The paper must be quadrille ruled (graph paper) at 20 lines per inch or metric equivalent (1-2mm). Two notebook s are to be used so that one will be available for data collection and write-up while the other is being graded.
Objectives:
When using the laboratory notebook remember that it has many subsequent uses and will be used by other people. Work should be recorded such that it could be shown to a prospective employer, graduate school, patent officer or teaching assistant.
The lab notebook should meet the following requirements:
the case of a product liability suit.
later date.
Format of the Lab Notebook:
(rubber cement or glue sticks are acceptable, no staple).
the information is a mistake, but it is still possible to read the value (it may turn out to not have been a mistake or may help determine some other problem which is not yet evident).
Format of the Lab Report:
other identifying information (allows verification of instrument calibration if the results are suspect).
components and measurement instruments must be clearly depicted and identified.
experiment with no additional information. Detailed circuit diagrams are in most cases enough).
recorded on other paper and transferred later. Data is to be entered as taken in the laboratory.
calculator, but one detailed calculation should be included in the notebook).
explanation of what could have caused the discrepancy should be provided (e.g. voltmeter was not properly calibrated).
Hint: Draw circuits and graphs in your lab report instead of descriptions. For engineering reports, a picture describes something often more detailed and precise.
Format of Graphs:
Graphs are to be drawn on graph paper with small grid (1-2 mm grid) which then is glued into notebook (if you use a graph paper notebook, use it directly). Draw big graphs (the size of the width of your notebook). Graphs must include:
Curves: For almost all curves in engineering labs, you will measure a limited set of data points of a continuous function. When drawing the curve, you should take this into account and draw a smooth curve through the data, i. e. do not connect the data points with straight lines. (This is an "eyeballed" least squares fit to the measured data points). If your curve has a sudden change in the direction, you may have to measure additional data points in order to determine the exact behavior of your system in that area. If one point is far away from a smooth curve and you have to assume that this point is not correct, do not include this point in your curve. (You may want to re-measure this data point while still in the lab!). Fig. 1 shows you the behavior of an arbitrary system. Fig. 2 shows how to reproduce this curve through measurements. Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 show some common mistakes of curves. Remark: If you draw the curves by hand instead with the computer, you will automatically avoid most of the mistakes and you get good training too. Drawing schematics and graphs by hand is by far faster than drawing them by computer, i.e. it saves you time.
Fig. 1: Theoretical curve (^) Fig. 2 : Measured and correctly drawn curve