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Class: MCB 2610 - Fundamentals of Microbiology; Subject: Biology: Molecular/Cell; University: University of Connecticut; Term: Fall 2013;
Typology: Quizzes
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Red indicates the flight path of the organism. If Test tube is all red, the bacteria is motile and is capable of growing in areas of agar which have lower oxygen levels. TERM 2
DEFINITION 2 SF broth contains azide or cyanidewhich inhibits electron transfer along the respiratory chain. TERM 3
DEFINITION 3 Lag phase, exponential/log phase, stationary phase, death phase.When Number of bacteria Doubles/time.The time required for the population to double in number. TERM 4
DEFINITION 4 Gram positive cocci S. Aureus is pathogenic and is salt tolerant. S. aureus will ferment mannitol to produce acid. Pathogenic s. aureus produces enzyme coagulase causes blood clot. S. Pyogenes cause cell lysis....IF hemolysis occurs then S. Pyogenes is present. Streaked on BLOOD agar.Test for Pathogenicity by screening for indicator organisms such as COLIFORM BACTERIA.Facultative anaerobic, gram negative, non-endosporeforming, rod shaped bacteria that ferment lactose with acid and gas formation. TERM 5
DEFINITION 5 SF broth contains Brom cresol purple, which is an acid indicator that changes color (from purple to YELLOW) when acid is produced indicating fermentation of glucose.Products such as:=ACIDS: detectable by PH change of an indicator dye (red to yellow)=GASES: detected by accumulation in a small inverted tube submerged in the medium.SUGARS ARE FERMENTED
MASCOT: JonathanAMY THEESMARIAM MAHMOUD TERM 7
DEFINITION 7 used for bacillus and clostridium. develop endospore in response to conditions like depletion of nutrients. Spores exhibit resistance to Heat, dryness and other unfavorable conditions.If bacteria is an endospore former, the slide prep should reveal GREEN ENDOSPORES INSIDE PINK VEGETATIVE CELLS. TERM 8
DEFINITION 8 Differential medias allow us to categorize bacteria into different categories. through change of color, production of zone of clearing etc. Also sometime include selective agents to retard growth of undesired competitors. MACCONKEY AGAR.Selective medias: contain compounds that inhibit the growth of certain species while allowing others to grow. They select for a certain type of microbe by supplying optimal conditions for its growth, while selecting against some potential competitors from the same habitat. SF MEDIA TERM 9
DEFINITION 9 Exoenzymes are secreted by the cells into the environment, and are easily detected by certain CHEMICAL TESTS making them USEFUL indicators in the identification of Bacteria. TERM 10
DEFINITION 10 LT broth enriches the growth of intestinal bacteria (selective and differential) Small tube collects gas from fermentation.EMB agar...is selective contains dyes to inhibit gram positive growth, while containing nutrients to enrich gram negative growth. Is Differential also because lactose fermenters (coliforms) produce dark colored colonies with metallic green sheen (ECOLI) while non lactose fermenters produce light colored colonies with pink color. (E. aerogenes)To obtain well separated colonies which can then be used to establish a pure culture.
TERM 17
DEFINITION 17 BLUE TERM 18
DEFINITION 18 FUNCTIONAL TERM 19
DEFINITION 19 A CHEMICAL AGENT USED TO PREVENT BACTERIA FROM REPRODUCINGA CHEMICAL AGENT USED TO KILL BACTERIA TERM 20
DEFINITION 20 BROAD SPECTRUM
TERM 22
DEFINITION 22 ANTISEPTIC TERM 23
DEFINITION 23 To confirm the absence of O TERM 24
DEFINITION 24 To avoid the introduction of Oxygen TERM 25
DEFINITION 25 They use nitrate as a replacement proton acceptorOrganisms that are able to reduce nitrate use it as a replacement for oxygen as a terminal electron acceptor in anaerobic conditions, a process called anaerobic respiration.
Doorknobs tables pencils pen TERM 32
DEFINITION 32 COLIFORMS TERM 33
DEFINITION 33 Alpha Hemolysis: Partial hemolysis=>Creates green cloudy zoneBeta Hemolysis: Complete Hemolysis with a clearing zone around the bacterial growthGamma Hemolysis= No hemolysis. No change in blood agar TERM 34
DEFINITION 34 Lower end of tube=bottom of columnA limitation could be that the bacterial colony could be contaminated/messed up by prior deep scooping from individuals in earlier sections which would expose the anaerobes to air, thus killing the anaerobes. Anaerobes MUST grow on bottom, CANNOT be exposed to air. TERM 35
DEFINITION 35 BROWNIAN MOTION
TERM 37
DEFINITION 37 TO ALLOW FOR AEROBIC RESPIRATION TERM 38
DEFINITION 38 NEGATIVE TERM 39
DEFINITION 39 ONE TIME FROM THE ORIGINAL SAMPLE TERM 40
DEFINITION 40 PLACE OVER THE BUNSON BURNER TO STERILIZE
at least 20 seconds with soap and water TERM 47
DEFINITION 47 Olive colored waste bins UNDER SINKS TERM 48
DEFINITION 48 Sharps container TERM 49
DEFINITION 49 BLUE WASTE BINS AT SIDES OF CLASS TERM 50
DEFINITION 50 Orange Bins on Desk that read Serological Pipettes ONLY
TRASH BINS with Black Garbage Bags TERM 52
DEFINITION 52 To prevent contamination of yourself and othersContamination control process: also known as Sterile techniqueUsed to transfer specific or desired microbes from one medium/environment to another TERM 53
DEFINITION 53 Top: NameLeft: OrganismRight: DateBottom: Section TERM 54
DEFINITION 54 Quickest and most economical method of bacterial isolation. A bacterial culture sample usually in broth is diluted by spreading it out on an agar surface in a petri dish resulting in isolated colonies.Nutrient Agar or Tryptic Soy Agar plates. TERM 55
DEFINITION 55 Inverting the plate prevents drops of condensed water on the lid from falling onto the surface of the agar.If agar is wet, bacteria can swarm across it rather than form isolated colonies.
spreading a bacterial suspension on a clean slide and allowing it to air dry. The dry smear is passed through a bunsen burner flame several times to heat fix the bacteria. TERM 62
DEFINITION 62 DENATURES bacterial enzymes, PREVENTING AUTOLYSIS.Heat also enhance adherence of bacterial cells to the slide. TERM 63
DEFINITION 63 if the chromophore is a positive ion like methylene blue, the stain is BASICIf the chromophore is a negative ion, the stain is ACIDIC. TERM 64
DEFINITION 64 Most bacteria are stained when a basic stain permeates the cell wall and adheres by weak ionic bonds to the negative charges of the bacterial cell. TERM 65
DEFINITION 65 Dye strength, rate of ionization of dyes and cell proteins. temp during the stain.
based on cell envelope structure (positive or negative)Characterizes ability to retain crystal violet stain after mordanting with iodine and decolorizing excess stain with alcohol. TERM 67
DEFINITION 67 Positive: retain stain, thick PURPLE cell wall made of peptidoglycanMORE SUSCEPTIBLE by Antimicrobial AGENTS. which inhibit formation of peptidoglycan thereby weakening the cell.Negative: Do NOT retain stain, have outer membrane and an inner layer of peptidoglycan, PINK TERM 68
DEFINITION 68 NEGATIVE STAIN, stains background ONLYIF OVAL IN SHAPE=CAPSULEIF IRREGULAR SHAPE=SLIME LAYERRole in virulence (disease causing ability).Made of polysaccharides.. TERM 69
DEFINITION 69 it generates acid products sufficient to turn the neutral red to PINKGram positive bacteria are inhibited by BILE SALTS or crystal violet in the medium thus SELECTING AGAINST THESE ORGANISMS.PINK are lactose fermenters TERM 70
DEFINITION 70 If a bacterial colony is grown on a plate containing starch and produces amylase, a clear zone will appear around the colonies, indication of starch utilization. Verified by flooding the plate with Gram's iodine, a dark blue color will appear everywhere EXCEPT in the clear zone around the colonies. CLEAR ZONES indicate amylase production