Kingdom Animalia - Multicellular, Eukaryotic Heterotrophs | BIO 1060, Study notes of Ecology and Environment

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Kingdom Animalia

1. Multicellular, eukaryotic heterotrophs
2. Motile, at some time
3. Reproduce predominately sexually
4. Nervous system, respond to stimuli
5. Animalia phyla, 10

Animal Classification 1

1. Number of germ layers: 2 or 3
2. Presence or absence of a coelom: coelomate, acoelomate, or pseudocoelomate
3. Symmetry: asymmetrical, radial, or bilateral (anterior, posterior, dorsal, ventral)

Coelom

1. Acoelomate- No space between mesoderm and endoderm
2. Pseudocoelomate- Space between mesoderm and endoderm
3. Coelomates- Space between mesoderm and mesoderm

Coelom

Phylum Porifera- Sponges

1. Most primitive, perforated body with dermal pores & spongocoel
2. Feed by filtering water into pores & out through osculum
3. Adults are sessile, larvae are motile
4. Asymmetrical, no body plan or germ layers
5. Reproduce sexually & asexually

Porifera Classification

1. Classified by spicule composition
2. Spongin, a protein
3. Calcium carbonate, CaCO 3
4. Silica, SiO 2

Phylum Cnidaria

1. Includes jellyfish, anemones, & hydra
2. Radial symmetry with sac body plan
3. Ectoderm & endoderm with undeveloped mesoderm
4. Carnivores, use cnidocytes, stinging cells to capture prey

Phylum Cnidaria

1. Two body forms a. Polyp- sessile b. Medusa- free-living motile
2. Produce eggs & sperm
3. Syngamy- mass release of eggs & sperm

Phylum Cnidaria- Hydrazoa

Hydra sp.

Phylum Cnidaria- Hydrazoa

Hydra sp. , cross section

Phylum Cnidaria- Hydrazoa

Obelia sp. , life cycle

Phylum Cnidaria- Scyphozoa

Aglantha sp. , common jellyfish

Phylum Cnidaria- Anthozoa

Montastrea cavernosa, Pineapple coral

Phylum Platyhelminthes-

Flatworms

1. Bilateral symmetry with 3 germ layers
2. Acoelomate
3. Free-living or parasitic
4. Dioecious or monoecious
5. Three classes