KIN 3535 Exam 2 Papadopolous Practice Test 2025, Exams of Kinesiology

Download KIN 3535 Exam 2 Papadopolous Practice Test 2025 and more Exams Kinesiology in PDF only on Docsity!

KIN 3535 Exam 2 Papadopolous Practice Test

1. 1. Warm up/initiation
   2. Conditioning
   3. Cool down

Components of exercise training session

2. Before or after conditioning phase When should flexibility exercise (stretching) be added into an exercise session
3. Warms body muscles Recommended to perform light to mod- erate activities Decreases injury
4. HITT sessions of 15 - 20 mins SIT sessions 10 or less mins
5. ~6 mins so blood pressure can return to normal

Warm up phase

Conditioning phase

Cool down phase

6. Multiply METs by 3.5 to get VO2max How do we estimate the absolute intensity of exercise
7. %HRR %VO2R %HRmax %VO2max %METs

What are the methods of estimating relative intensity of exercise

8. [(HRmax — HRrest) × % intensity desired] HRR method
   • HRrest
9. [(VO2max− VO2rest ) × % intensity de- sired] + VO2rest

VO2R method

10. HRmax x % intensity desired HRmax method

KIN 3535 Exam 2 Papadopolous Practice Test

11. VO2max x % intensity desired VO2max method
12. [(VO2max) /3.5 mL/kg/min] × % intensity MET method desired
13. Frequency x Intensity x Duration of the exercise session

Exercise volume

14. Hypertrophy an increase in the size of a muscle or increase in the muscular cross-sectional area
15. DXA scan - gives lean body mass Ultrasound - see specific muscles and thickness

How do we measure muscle hypertrophy

16. Motor unit motor nerve or nueron along with the muscle fibers that are innervated with the nerve or neuron.
17. Power The product of force and velocity
18. Neural adaptations Rapid improvements in muscular fitness of un- trained individuals are likely attributed to.
19. 2; 48 For novice trainers, each major muscle group should be trained at least days per week with a minimum of hours between training sessions for the same muscle group
20. Concentric Type of contraction in which the muscle is shortening
21. Coactivation

in reach and range of motion as the movement is repeated several times

34. Static stretching involves slowly stretching a muscle/tendon group and holding the position for a period of time. can be active or passive
35. Active stretching involves holding the stretched position using the strength of the agonist muscle as is com- mon in many forms of yoga
36. Passive stretching involves assuming a position while holding a limb or other part of a body with or without the assistance of a partner or device
37. Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilita- tion (PNF)

isometric contraction of the selected mus- cle/tendon group followed by a static stretch- ing of the same group

38. Neuromotor exercise training involves motor skills, such as balance, coor- dination, gait, and agility, and proprioceptive training.
39. Metabolic heat production the rate of transformation of chemical energy into heat
40. Radiation Conduction Convection Evaporation
41. Metabolic heat Environmental heat (radiation + conduc- tion + convection)

We lose heat through

We gain heat through

42. Radiation Heat loss or gain through electromagnetic waves
43. Conduction Transfer of heat from our body to an object through direct contact
44. Convection Transfer of heat to or from water or air
45. Evaporation Increase in blood flow to skin produce sweat, conversion of water to gases.
46. Receptors in the skin and core detect en- How is body temperature regulated with heat? vironmental temperature and send sig- nals to the Hypothalamus
47. Hypothalamus Which part of the brain acts as a thermostat
48. Vasodilation & sweating Hypothalamus responds to heat with?
49. Vasoconstriction shivering Catecholamine release Thyroxin release
50. Evaporative heat loss increase Convective loss increases slightly Radiative loss is constant
51. Temperature of the environment Rate of heat production

Hypothalamus responds to cold with?

Heat dissipation during exercise in a cool en- vironment

Sweat rate increases proportionally to:

52. Hyperthermia Elevated internal body temperature
53. If metabolic heat > heat loss When will you see hyperthermia develop

62. DO NOT Those with exertional heat exhaustion DO/DO NOT have hyperthermia?
63. Heat exhaustion The incapacity to perform exercise in the heat due to a combination of factors, such as car- diovascular insuflciency, hypotension, energy depletion, and fatigue
64. Exertional heat stroke Caused by hyperthermia, profound CNS dys- function, multiple organ system failure that results in delirium, convulsion, or coma.
65. Exertional heatstroke Symptoms are: Disorientation, dizziness, ir- rational behavior, apathy, headache, nausea, vomiting, hyperventilation, wet skin
66. Exertional Heat Exhaustion Low blood pressure, elevated heart rate and respiratory rates, skin is wet and pale, headache, weakness, dizziness, decreased muscle coordination, chills, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
67. Heat Syncope Heart rate and breathing rates are slow; skin is pale; patient may experience sensations of weeakness, tunnel vision, vertigo, or nausea before syncope
68. Exertional Heat Cramps Begins as feeble, localized wandering spasms that may progress to debilitating cramps
69. Acclimation Fitness Clothing

Factors that influence the risk of heat illness

Environmental Humidity Metabolic Rate Environmental Temperature Wind Hydration

70. Warm/hot THR is achieved at a lower absolute workload when exercising in a environment
71. Heat acclimitazation The improvement in heat tolerance that comes from gradually increasing the intensity or du- ration of work performed in a hot setting
72. Increase plasma volume No change in plasma electrolytes Lower exercise HR Lower body temperature Earlier onset of sweating and greater sweat rate Lower lactate during submaximal exer- cise Decreased use of muscle glycogen Improved exercise performance

Heat acclimatization results in:

73. Hypothermia Develops when heat loss exceeds heat pro- duction causing a negative heat balance (core temp <35 C)
74. Wind Chill temperature (WCT) integrates wind speed and air tempature to provide an estimate of cooling power of the environment
75. Gangrene

breath, cough often with blood-tinged spu- tum. Precedes AMS

84. Altitude acclimitization, adequate hydra- Preventative measures for HAPE tion
85. Ataxia Uncontrolled movements and muscle contrac- tions
86. Hyperbaric therapy Breath in 100% oxygen in a pressurized envi- ronment
87. 7.35-7.45 What is the normal range our pH should be
88. Alkaline If pH increases it becomes more
89. Acidic If pH decreases it becomes more
90. Decreases = Acidosis When CO2 increases what happens to pH
91. Increases = Alkalosis When CO2 decreases what happens to pH
92. Genomic instability Telomere attrition Epigenetic alerations Loss of proteostasis Deregulated nutrient sensing Mitochondrial dysfunction Cellular senescence Stem cell exhaustion Altered Intercellular communication

Hallmarks of aging

93. Age related physiological changes in the brain

Decereased Neurogenesis Increased Neurodegeneration Increased cognitive alterations

94. Decreased maximal cardiac output Increased Blood pressure Decreased blood volume Decreased Endothelial function Decreased Autonomic function Decreased vagal tone
95. Decreased ventilation Decreased gas exchange
96. Decreased muscle strength, endurance, quality, mass Decreased muscle protein synthesis Decreased balance and mobility Decreased motor performance Decreased flexibility and ROM
97. Decreased Bone mineral density Increased regional adiposity Decreased Resting metabolic rate Decreased fat oxidation

Age related physiological changes in the car- diovascular system

Age related physiological changes in the pul- monary system

Age related physiological changes in the Mus- culoskeletal system

Other age related physiological changes

98. Frailty A biologic syndrome of decreased reserve and resistance to stressors, resulting from cumu- lative declines across multiple physiologic sys- tems, and causing vulnerability to adverse out- comes
99. Deregulated nutrient sensing

108. Malnutrition Unintentional weight loss Physical inactivity Disuse event Anabolic resistance Chronic diseases Chronic inflammation Insulin resistance

After age , we involuntary lose of mus- cle mass per decade

Potential factors contributing to etiology of sarcopenia

109. Anabolic resistance Aging has been associated with a reduced muscle protein synthetic response to protein intake, termed
110. Muscle quality Micro and macroscopic changes in muscle ar- chitecture and composition
111. A)For healthy older adults: 1 - 1.2g pro- tein/kg BW / day B) For older adults with chronic illness or at risk of malnutrition: 1.2 - 1.5g pro- tein/kg BW / day

How much protein is recommended for older adults?

112. Delay in age-related changes that impair Health benefits of physical activity for older exercise capacity Optimizes age-related changes in body composition Promotes psychological and cognitive well-being Ameliorates chronic diseases

adults

Reduces the risk of Physical disability Increases longevity

113. Activities of daily living (ADLs) Fundamental skills required to independently care for oneself
114. Instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs)
115. 6-minute walk test 2-minute step test

Fudamental skills required to independently care for oneself that requires more complex thinking skills, including organizational skills

Methods for assesing CRF in older adults

116. Physical performance Objectively measured whole body function re- lated with mobility
117. Higher risk of disability, cognitive dys- function, hospitalization, falls, and mor- tality
118. Short physical performance battery (SPPB)
119. Increased falls, cognitive impairment, disability, hospitalization
120. Eating and physical activity patterns Genetics Illnesses and medications Social determinants of health

What is low gait speed associated with?

Brief test of lower-extremity function that con- sists of gait speed, a balance test, and a chair stand test

Adverse outcomes associated with low SPPB

Causes of Obesity

127. Metabolic syndrome A clustering of risk factors associated with an increased incidence of CVD, diabetes, and stroke
128. 1. High blood glucose
129. Low levels of HDL-C
130. High levels of triglycerides
131. Large waist circumference
132. High blood pressure
133. Overweight or obese Insulin resistance Race and sex Age
134. Minimal Clinical Important Difference (MCID)

Diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome (>/= 3)

Risk factors for metabolic syndrome

Smallest ditterence in scores in the domain of interest which patients perceive as beneficial

131. Placenta previa Placenta sits low and blocks the cervical open- ing; High risk of bleeding during labor and typically requires C-section
132. Very high blood pressure Increase risk of stroke Organ failure Swelling of hands and legs Excretion of protein in urine

Preeclampsia