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Physics and Math Concepts: Friction, Energy, Thermodynamics, Electrostatics, and Waves, Exams of Physics

University of WestminsterPhysics

Various concepts in physics and math including kinetic and static friction, newton's laws, potential energy, conservation of energy, isothermal and adiabatic processes, bernoulli's equation, electrostatic potential energy, and waves. It also includes information on resistors, capacitors, and the doppler effect.

Typology: Exams

2023/2024

Available from 04/10/2024

johnrays
johnrays 🇬🇧

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435 documents

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Kaplan High Yield Physics and Math
P a g e 1 | 13
1. perpendicular The normal force is always parallel or per-
pendicular to the plane?
2. opposite Kinetic friction always acts in the same or
opposite direction of motion?
3. kinetic friction Friction that opposes motion once the mo-
tion has already started
4. static friction Friction that acts on objects that are not
moving
5. mgsintheta The parallel component of the gravitational
force is equal to?
6. mgcostheta The perpendicular (normal force) compo-
nent of the gravitational force is equal to?
7. ma The sum of all forces in a given direction is
always equal to according to New-
ton's second law
8. 0 (N = mgcostheta) If the block is not accelerating in the perpen-
dicular direction (not sinking into the plane
or coming off the plane) what is the normal
force - mgcostheta equal to?
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8
pf9
pfa
pfd

Partial preview of the text

Download Physics and Math Concepts: Friction, Energy, Thermodynamics, Electrostatics, and Waves and more Exams Physics in PDF only on Docsity!

  1. perpendicular The normal force is always parallel or per- pendicular to the plane?
  2. opposite Kinetic friction always acts in the same or opposite direction of motion?
  3. kinetic friction Friction that opposes motion once the mo- tion has already started
  4. static friction Friction that acts on objects that are not moving
  5. mgsintheta The parallel component of the gravitational force is equal to?
  6. mgcostheta The perpendicular (normal force) compo- nent of the gravitational force is equal to?
  7. ma The sum of all forces in a given direction is always equal to according to New- ton's second law
  8. 0 (N = mgcostheta) If the block is not accelerating in the perpen- dicular direction (not sinking into the plane or coming off the plane) what is the normal force - mgcostheta equal to?
  1. ukN (thus f = Ukmgcos30) What does kinetic friction equal? f =
  2. vt+1/2at^2 What is the equation for displacement? delta x =?
  3. mgh total potential energy =?
  4. K + U (kinetic + potential ener- gy_ What does total energy mean in general?
  5. 1/2mv^2 + mgh What does total energy equal in detail?
  6. W = Ei-Ef (1/2mv^2 - (1/2mv^2+mgh)) Conservation of energy equation
  7. air resistance The conservation of energy equation tells us that all of the energy of a system must be accounted for, whatever energy is lost between he beginning and the end must of due to what?
  8. zero If there is no friction, air resistance, or vi- cious drag than the difference between final and initial energy lost is = to what?
  9. mass commonly with conservation of mass cal- culations what parameter will not be used because it will cancel out?
  10. adiabatic no heat exchange
  11. isothermal constant temperature
  12. hyperbolic, steeper On a pressure-volume graph both isother- mal and adiabatic processes , but adiabatic processes are shallower or steep- er than isothermal ones?
  13. closed system A system in which energy may be ex- changed only between the system and the

moving it has zero

  1. At the bottom/end of its path it has zero
  2. equal At the top of a hill is PE less than, equal to, or greater than KE?
  3. P + 1/2mv^2+ mgh (pressure + Bernoulli's equation KE + PE)
  4. mass/volume formula for density
  5. change in height With Bernoulli's equation what matters is the horizontal distance traveled or the change in height?
  6. AiVi = AfVf (initial = final) Continuity equation
  7. increase (Bernoulli's equa- tion) A common use of Bernoulli's equation is with no change in height, so that P + 1/2pv^2 = constant and in this case a de- crease in pressure is associated with a de- crease or increase in velocity?
  8. positive Overcoming repulsion requires negative or positive work?
  9. work (definition) Force exerted on an object that causes it to move
  10. increase (electrostatic poten- tial energy = positive)
  11. decrease (electrostatic poten- tial energy = negative) With electrostatic potential energy with like charges (+,+ or - ,-) if you decrease the distance it will decrease or increase the amount of energy? With electrostatic potential energy with op- posite charges (+,-) if you decrease the distance it will decrease or increase the amount of energy?
  1. kQq/r Electrostatic potential energy formula
  2. zero (distribution of charges) The work to place the first charge is always equal to what?
  3. increase, decrease (energy) With electrostatic potential energy: like charges in potential energy as they are brought closer to each other; unlike charges in potential energy as they are brought closer together.
  4. add When resistors are in series do they add together or are there inverses added to- gether?
  5. inverses add When resistors are in parallel do they add together or are there inverses added to- gether?
  6. V = IR Ohm's Law
  7. current All resistors in series must have the same current or voltage?
  8. voltage All resistors in parallel must have the same current or voltage?
  9. add (capacitor) When capacitors are in parallel do they add together or are there inverses added to- gether?
  10. inverse add (capacitor) When capacitors are in series do they add together or are there inverses added to- gether?
  11. source Doppler effect: object that emits the sound wave
  12. detector (or observer) Doppler effect: the object that detects the wave

These lens are corrective in myopia or hy- peropia?

  1. hyperopia Farsightedness that results when the eye is too short - uses a converging (convex) lens for correction
  2. myopia nearsightedness that results when the eye is too long - uses a diverging (concave) lens for correction
  3. 0 sin0 =?
  4. 1 sin90 =?
  5. positive Does decree angle and it's sin function have a negative or positive correlation?
  6. more (away from the normal) A greater refractive index of the lens indi- cates that it will refract light less or more?
  7. converging, convex Lens acts as a typical lens, hav- ing a shape
  8. mass number What does the number represent in the fol- lowing notation: U- 238
  9. mass number, atomic number Notation: 56 =? 26 =?
  10. neutrons Isotopes: Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of
  11. different isotope, 1

The result of neutron absorption is with mass num- ber that is +

  1. alpha particle a helium nucleus emitted by some radioac- tive substances, it has two protons and two neutrons
  2. - 4, - 2 What is the result of alpha decays: on atom- ic number and mass number
  3. positron emission A radioactive decay process in which a pro- ton in the nucleus is converted into a neu- tron and a positron and then the positron is emitted from the nucleus Also known as beta-plus decay
  4. proton, beta particle, anti neu- trino In beta-minus decay, a neutron decays into a , and what two molecules are also emitted?
  5. antineutrino The antiparticle of neutrino, it has zero mass and spin ½.
  6. neutrino an elementary particle with zero charge and zero mass
  7. increase by 1 The atomic number of a daughter nuclide following a beta-minus decay will: a. Increase by 1 b. Decrease by 1 c. Increase by 2 d. Decrease by 4
  8. decrease by 1 The atomic number of a daughter nuclide following a beta-plus (positron emission) decay will: a. Increase by 1

the number of complete wavelengths that pass a point in a given time

  1. units It is possible to determine a equation by concentrating on of the variables in- volved?
  2. double bind randomized con- trolled trial What is the gold standard in biomedical research?
  3. response rate, sample sizes Studies with what two things are ideals be- cause they minimize selection bias
  4. FINER: feasible, interesting, novel, ethical, relevant What approach defines what a study should have characteristically?
  5. Hill criteria Used by epidemiologists to determine whether or not a hypothesis is plausibility based on the findings of a study (whether or not A causes B).
  6. hill coefficient describes the fraction of the macromole- cule saturated by ligand as a function of the ligand concentration; it is used in determin- ing the degree of cooperativeness of the ligand binding to the enzyme or receptor.
  7. independent binding (nonco- operative), not dependent
  8. positive cooperative binding, increases
  9. negative cooperative binding, decreases A hill coefficient of 1 indicates what? The affinity of the enzyme for a ligand mol- ecule is dependent or not dependent on whether or not other ligand molecules are already bound. What does a hill coefficient greater than 1 indicate? Substrate binding affinity for subsequent substrate What does a hill coefficient less than 1 indi- cate?

Substrate binding affinity for subsequent substrate

  1. mean, median Measure of central tendency that is the av- erage, and measure that is the middle data point.
  2. 1/4, 3/4 To find the quartile positions, multiple the number of data points by and. Round up if between two data points
  3. 1.5 * IQR What is a rule for calculating outliers in data sets by using quartiles?
  4. nonconservative forces Forces that its work depends on the path. Eg: friction.
  5. friction and air resistance What are two nonconservative forces?
  6. conservative forces path independent and do not dissipate the mechanical energy of a system
  7. gravity and spring force What are two conservative forces?
  8. vi + at What is an equation for v final?
  9. pressure isobaric process have constant
  10. volume isochoric process have constant
  11. h1 = h2 With Bernoulli's equation if a pipe is hori- zontal how can you relate h1 and h2?
  12. echolocation the process of using reflected sound waves to find objects; used by animals such as bats An example of the Doppler effect where the
  1. positive control Treatment with known response expected
  2. negative control Group with no response expected
  3. delta y/delta x slope formula