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306 KAPLAN EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
UPDATED
The nurse teaches correct body mechanics to the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) which suggestions by the nurse is most appropriate? A. "Bend at the waist when lifting objects" B. "Lift objects with your arms extended" C. "Bend knees when lifting objects" E. "Lean forward when lifting objects" - ANSWER->C. "Bend knees when lifting objects" The nurse evaluates the lab results of several clients. For which client would the nurse expect a decreased serum albumin? A. the client who is underweight with a BMI of 19kg/m^ B. the client with a superficial thickness burn C. the client with sever liver disease E. the client who is dehydrated - ANSWER->C. the client with sever liver disease A middle age adult is admitted to the hospital for hematuria. The client has no previous history of illness, is married, and has three children in high school. Which
task if middle adulthood is most likely to be disturbed by a physical disability? A. Assisting the children to grow to adulthood B. coping with a role transition C. Renewing earlier relationships E. developing adult leisure time activities - ANSWER->A. Assisting the children to grow to adulthood The nurse provides care for an older adult client with a diagnosis of constipation. The nurse understands which factor contributes to the development of constipation in the older adult? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY A. Older adult client may eat a diet with inadequate fluid and bulk B. Older adults experience slowed peristalsis and decreased muscle tone C. older adult clients have neurological changes in the gastrointestinal tract D. older adult clients may ignore the sensations to defecate E. older adults are typically more sedentary and less likely to exercise - ANSWER->A. Older adult client may eat a diet with inadequate fluid and bulk B. Older adults experience slowed peristalsis and decreased muscle tone
The nurse identifies a staff member is using standard precautions appropriately if which action is observed? A. the staff member wears gloves when taking the blood pressure of a client diagnosed with AIDS B. the staff member places contaminated linens in a leak- proof bag C. the staff member irrigates an abdominal wound wearing a gown and gloves D. the staff member removes gloves after bathing a client and puts on a clean pair of gloves to bath another client - ANSWER->B. the staff member places contaminated linens in a leak-proof bag CASE STUDY: The nurse reviews the history of present illness and the physician postoperative care. The nurse anticipates which of the procedures in the physicians orders are most likely to precipitate moderate to severe acute pain? Click to highlight correct sections. A. VS every 4 hours B. sit up in chair TID C. incentive spirometry and cough q 2 hours while awake D. Sequential compression device to both lower extremities while in bed E. CBC with differential, basic metabolic panel every AM
F. IV 0.9% NS with 20 mEq KCI at 100mL/hr G. Enoxaparin 40 mg subcutaneous every AM H. Sterile dressing change every 8 hours to abdominal wound - ANSWER->B. sit up in chair TID C. incentive spirometry and cough q 2 hours while awake H. Sterile dressing change every 8 hours to abdominal wound CASE STUDY: Which nonverbal behavior observed by the nurse indicates the client may be experiencing acute pain? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY A. grunting with movement B. clenched teeth C. grimacing D. wrinkled forehead E. restlessness F. grabbing abdomen G. tightly closed eyes and mouth H. laughing and conversing I. reduced attention span - ANSWER->A. grunting with movement B. clenched teeth C. grimacing D. wrinkled forehead E. restlessness
CASE STUDY:
Complete the following sentences by choosing from the list of options. The nurse will ______. It is a priority for the nurse to assess _____. The nurse will ask the client to ________. - ANSWER->determine the clients tolerable pain level using a standard pain scale. the location, severity, and quality of pain. describe conditions that make the pain better or worse CASE STUDY: For each goal in the clients plan of care click to indicate the right nursing interventions, may select more than one. 1. the clients pain will be controlled during the dressing change- A. pull tape around soiled dressing from clients skin rapidly. B. position the client in low fowler position with knee slightly bent. C. administer pain meds 15 - 30mins prior to dressing change.
- The surgical incision is healing without further infection. A. apply split guaze around penrose drain with clean gloves. B. monitor client vital signs and lab results daily. C. report any increase in redness or drainage to physician
- The client will demonstrate use of non-pharmacologic pain relief techniques. A. teach client to splint incision with rolled blanket or pillow. B. encourage client to hold
breath when changing position. C. educate client about medication during procedures. - ANSWER->1. B. position the client in low fowler position with knee slightly bent. C. administer pain meds 15-30mins prior to dressing change.
- B. monitor client vital signs and lab results daily. C. report any increase in redness or drainage to physician
- A. teach client to splint incision with rolled blanket or pillow. C. educate client about medication during procedures. CASE STUDY: I cannot type all of this but just remember there is 5 assessment findings which has either improved, no change, or declined - ANSWER->1. improved (client sitting on side of bed)
- improved (client requests hydrocodone)
- improved (client ask family to leave during dressing change)
- declined (foul odor from dressing)
- improved (client smiling and talking with nurse) The nurse explains to the nursing students that a client has a new diagnosis of psoriasis. Which best describes psoriasis? A. chronic autoimmune reaction
A. tell the client to place valuable items in the beside table B. inform the client the nurse will hold on to any valuable items while the client is in surgery C. document the disposition of the clients valuable items in the medical record D. leave any valuable items at the nurses station while the client is off the unit for testing - ANSWER->C. document the disposition of the clients valuable items in the medical record The nurse provides care for a client beginning intermittent heparin therapy. The nurse knowns which lab test is used to monitor the effectiveness of heparin? A. activated partial thromboplastin time B. prothrombin time C. bleeding time D. protein electrophoresis - ANSWER->A. activated partial thromboplastin time a nurse provides teaching on a modifiable risk factors related to the cardiovascular system. Which factors does the nurse include in the teaching? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY A. high cholesterol levels B. elevated blood pressure
C. cigarette smoking D, diet higher in sugar and fats E. decreased heart rate - ANSWER->A. high cholesterol levels C. cigarette smoking D, diet higher in sugar and fats The nurse provides care for a client with an abdominal wound. The nurse notes there is purulent drainage from the wound. Which action does the nurse take first? A. contact health provider B. places client on contact precautions C. irrigates the wound D. asks the client to identify level of pain on numeric scale - ANSWER->B. places client on contact precautions the nurse identifies which change in the genitourinary system is usually associated with client aging? A. increased sphincter tone B. decreased incontinence C. increased frequency D. increased filtration - ANSWER->C. increased frequency On the morning before surgery a client signs an operative consent form. Soon afterward, the client calls the nurse
C. encourages the client to discuss reasons for canceling the surgery D. soybeans, orange juice, egg yolks - ANSWER->C. encourages the client to discuss reasons for canceling the surgery At discharge the nurse advises a client about a calories restricted diet for weight reduction. which information does the nurse include? A. losing 1-2 pounds per week is safe and effective B. a highly restrictive diet will be most effective for the client C. increase amount of processed foods in the diet D. decrease whole grain intake - ANSWER->A. losing 1- 2 pounds per week is safe and effective A liver scan is prescribed for a client prior to surgery. which description best describes this procedure? A. the client will ingest a small amount of radioactive material and venipuncture will be performed to monitor blood levels B. the clinet will stand in front of a large machine that takes x-rays pictures of the liver C. the client will be asked to lie still while a scanning probe is passed back and forth over the body
D. the clients skin will be lubricated with oil and ultrasound pictures will be taken - ANSWER->C. the client will be asked to lie still while a scanning probe is passed back and forth over the body The nurse prepares a client for discharge. The client tells another staff member that nurse really doesn't care about me and I don't want to talk anymore. Which interpretation of the client statement by the nurse is best? A. the client has expressed readiness to think and act independently B. the nurse has done something to offend the client and needs to apologize C. the client is not ready to go home and discharge should be delayed D. the client has a common repones to the end of the nurse-client relationship - ANSWER->D. the client has a common repones to the end of the nurse-client relationship Which nursing action does the nurse have to establish first when caring for a client in pain? A. teach the client about the pain B. establish a trusting relationship with the client
D. working the night shift is known to disrupt sleep patterns - ANSWER->A. tell me about your usual sleeping habits
