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Jersey College Nutrition - Chapter 1
questions with correct answers
Nutrition - correct answersthe science of food and how food nourishes our body & influences our health Wellness - correct answersmultidimensional, active process by which people make choices to enhance their lives heart disease, stroke, and diabetes - correct answersThree chronic diseases strongly associated with poor nutrition obesity - correct answersprimary link between poor nutrition and mortality nutrients - correct answerschemicals in foods that are critical to human growth and function food - correct answersthe plants and animals we consume chronic diseases - correct answersdiseases that come on slowly and can persist for years, often despite treatment Wellness - correct answersabsence of disease True - correct answersTRUE or FALSE: Poor nutrition is associated with chronic diseases: heart disease, stroke, and diabetes.
Nutrients - correct answerschemicals found in foods that are critical to human growth and function Macronutrients - correct answersnutrients that are body need in large amounts to support normal function and health Micronutrients - correct answersNutrients needed in relatively small amounts to support normal health and body functions. True - correct answersTRUE or FALSE: Vitamins and minerals are micronutrients. kilocalorie (kcal) - correct answersA thousand calories; the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1°C. organic - correct answersa substance or nutrient that contains the elements C and H Inorganic - correct answersa substance or nutrient that does not contain carbon and hydrogen carbohydrates - correct answersprimary energy source for the body, composed of CHO chain, can supply 4kcal/gram fats and oils - correct answersimportant source of energy at rest and during low-intensity exercise, composed of CHO, can supply 9kcal/gram Proteins - correct answerschains of amino acid CHON, support tissue growth, repair, and maintenance, can supply 4kcal/gram Vitamins - correct answersorganic compounds that assist in regulation of many body processes and maintenance of body tissues
Upper Intake Level (UL) - correct answershighest average daily intake level unlikely to pose health risks. Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) - correct answersrecommended range of carbohydrate, fat, and protein intake expressed as a percentage of total energy Estimated Energy Requirement (EER) - correct answersaverage daily energy intake predicted to meet the needs of healthy adults Scientific Method - correct answersstandardized, multistep process scientists use to examine evidence and test hypotheses observation, hypothesis, experiment, conclusion - correct answersSteps in scientific method Hypothesis - correct answerseducated guess as to why a phenomenon occurs sample size - correct answersnumber of people being studied True - correct answersTRUE or FALSE: Repetition of research is required to develop theories. Theory - correct answersconclusion or scientific consensus drawn from repeated experiments epidemiological studies - correct answersstudies that examine the patterns of health and disease in defined populations Prevalence - correct answers% of population that is affected with a particular disease at a given time
observational studies - correct answersstudies that indicate relationships between nutrition habits, disease trends, and other health phenomena of large populations of humans animal studies - correct answersused when research cannot be done with humans clinical trials - correct answerstightly controlled experiments in which an intervention is given to determine its effect on a certain disease or health condition case control studies - correct answersobservational studies that compare groups with and without a condition, allowing researchers to gain a better understanding of factors that may influence disease placebo - correct answersimitation treatment having no active ingredient that is sometimes used in clinical trial single-blind experiment - correct answersparticipants are unaware of the treatment that they are receiving double-blind experiment - correct answersneither the participant nor the experimenter knows whether the placebo or actual treatment is being given Randomized trials - correct answersresearchers randomly assign participants to the treatment and control groups; reduces the possibility of favoritism and errors conflict of interest - correct answersA situation in which a person in a position to derive personal benefit & unfair advantage from actions or decisions made in their official capacity Bias - correct answersany factor that might influence the researcher to favor certain results
