Download Jersey College MedSurg 1 RN FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
weight, smoking, sex practices, diet - correct answer List four modifiable risk factors. (general health promotion) age, genetics, sex - correct answer List three non-modifiable risk factors. (general health promotion) cultural assessment - correct answer What type of assessment should the nurse preform prior to initiating health teaching? physiological integrity safety and security belongingness and affection esteem and self-respect self-actualization -- physiologic needs and life threatening issues are a priority -- confirm that these needs are met in the order listed above - correct answer Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs --priorities? --what order? Healthy People 2020 - correct answer Organization that identifies health promotion and disease prevention goals and lists strategies along with resources in an attempt to improve the nation's health
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
The Institute of Medicine's report on the Future of Nursing - correct answer Organization that recommends ways to strengthen the practice of nursing in order to improve health care. The National Patient Safety Goals - correct answer The Joint Commission lists the top patient safety concerns and includes medication safety, infection prevention, surgery-related mistakes, patient identification and improving staff communication. What is this list called? Nurse Practice Acts - correct answer This governs nursing practice and is a law that is put into place to protect the public - nurses must follow and comply with their state's regulations QSEN - Quality and Safety Education for Nurses Institute - correct answer Institute that seeks to strengthen the knowledge, skills, and attitudes of nurses in providing continuous quality improvement in health care whatever the patient says it is - correct answer What is pain? actual or potential tissue damage - correct answer Pain is associated with __________________________________.
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
tissue damage - correct answer ______________ stimulates the inflammatory response and puts the patient at risk for pain. local anesthetics, non-opioids or opioids - correct answer manage nociceptive pain with? allodynia - correct answer pain that is associated with a noxious stimulus nerve route injury - correct answer ________________ could lead to allodynia. timing: onset - when it started duration - where it started frequency - how often/for how long type - includes intensity, associated factors influencing factors - what makes it better/worse intensity - how bad does it hurt
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
quality - what does it feel like location - where does it hurt effects on function/daily activities - correct answer What does a comprehensive pain assessment include? visual analog scale - correct answer 10cm line that represents no pain to worst pain on each end of the line and the patient places a mark somewhere between the two ends depending on the severity of pain numeric rating scale - correct answer ranges from 0 to 10 with 0 representing no pain Wong-Baker FACES Scale (ages 3+) - correct answer consists of cartoon faces that the patient selects to report their pain verbal descriptor scale - correct answer uses words to help individuals describe the intensity of their pain Wong-Baker FACES Scale - correct answer should never be used by the provider to match the patient's facial expression
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
rectal route - correct answer Avoid which medication administration route for patients who are thrombocytopenic? Acetaminophen - correct answer Use of this analgesic could result in hepatoxicity and should not exceed 4,000mg/day. NSAIDS - correct answer analgesic that could result in gastric ulcers or contribute to cardiovascular events such as MI or stroke NSAIDS - correct answer analgesic that could lead to acute renal failure in patients with volume depletion or who take it for chronic pain prostaglandin - correct answer needed for renal blood flow constipation, nausea, pupil constriction, and respiratory depression - correct answer undesirable side effects of opioids could increase absorption and result in lethal complications - correct answer Never apply heat over transdermal patches. Why? antidepressants or anticonvulsants - correct answer adjuvant medications used to manage neuropathic pain
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
metabolic alkalosis - correct answer Vomiting can lead to what acid- base imbalance metabolic acidosis - correct answer Diarrhea can lead to what acid- base imbalance calcium - correct answer Mineral that helps to regulate muscle contraction and relaxation high in calcium and low in phosphorus - correct answer In the setting of hypoparathyroidism, provide a diet that is high in _______ and low in __________. osmotic pressure - correct answer Chloride works with sodium to determine _______________. hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis - correct answer If chloride levels drop, bicarbonate is retained and results in _______________________________. action potentials weakness or excitability - correct answer Changes in electrolytes impair _________________ resulting in ________ or ____________.
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Magnesium Sulfate - correct answer Can be given to relax smooth muscle. Calcium antagonist. Calcium gluconate - correct answer The antidote for tetany or hypermagnesmia Phosphorus - correct answer This mineral is required for the formation of ATP and helps to maintain the acid-base balance. Potassium - correct answer This mineral/electrolyte is necessary for neuromuscular and cardiovascular function. tall tented T waves - correct answer EKC/ECG reading for hyperkalemia inverted T waves - correct answer EKG/ECG reading for hypokalemia Potassium - correct answer The ion for repolarization. hypokalemia ileus - correct answer ___________ lowers the resting membrane potential and makes cells less irritable which could result in a(n)_____.
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
potassium sparing diuretics - correct answer these drugs should NEVER be used in the presence of renal injury Potassium - correct answer Check renal function prior to administering ______. hyperkalemia - correct answer metabolic acidosis results in
sodium - correct answer the primary factor for osmolality and intravascular fluid volume headaches seizures lethargy tachycardia decreased blood pressure thready pulse hyperactive bowel sounds abdominal cramps - correct answer Clinical manifestations of hyponatremia. (8)
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
calcium gluconate - correct answer given to reverse CNS depression caused by magnesium ADH (vasopressin) - correct answer hormone that promotes fluid re- absorption by the kidneys aldosterone - correct answer hormone that promotes sodium retention and potassium excretion angiotensin - correct answer one of the most powerful vasoconstrictors in the body brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) - correct answer hormone that triggers Na excretion and a decrease in total fluid volume hydrostatic pressure - correct answer moves fluid from the intravascular compartment to the intercellular compartment edema - correct answer An increase in hydrostatic pressure or a decrease in oncotic pressure could result in _____. delirium - correct answer typical sign of dehydration in the elderly
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
pinching the skin over the sternum or the forehead - correct answer how to determine skin turgor fever and burns - correct answer _____ and _____ contribute to an insensible(non-visible) water loss and contribute to dehydration drop in perfusion hypovolemic shock death - correct answer loss of fluid volume could result in? (3) changes in LOC decreased urinary output dizziness dry mucosal membranes hypotension tachycardia - correct answer signs of fluid volume deficit coughing and deep breathing use of incentive spirometer - correct answer Encourage patient to do these things to help remove secretions and promote lung expansion.
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
D5W - correct answer This solution is both hypotonic and isotonic and should NEVER be used in the presence of increased intracranial pressure. hypotonic solutions - correct answer Give _________ solutions to treat hyperosmolar disorders. the leg - correct answer This location for IV therapy increases the risk for thromboembolism. 14-18 gauge - correct answer What size catheter is used to administer blood and viscous solutions? smaller size angio-catheters - correct answer Use these type of catheters on the elderly patient for IV therapy. most distal area of the arm - correct answer start IV sites where? obtain an x-ray - correct answer Prior to initiating intravenous therapy on peripherally inserted central catheters the nurse should do what to check placement of the PICC line?
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
IV therapy - correct answer puts the client at risk for circulatory overload Left side in trendelenburg - correct answer how to position the patient to treat air embolism warm compress and elevate the extremity - correct answer How do you treat non-vesicant infiltration? hypomagnesemia - correct answer Alcohol withdrawal can precipitate _____________(electrolyte imbalance). hypocalcemia and hypomagnesmia - correct answer Tetany is a sign for these two electrolyte imbalances. Magnesium Potassium (NO IM either) - correct answer These two electrolytes MUST be administered IV via a pump. One must not be given IM either. could cause asystole - correct answer Why must magnesium be administer via IV pump?
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
corticosteroids and alcohol - correct answer in the perioperative setting these substances may increase the risk of infection 2 weeks - correct answer herbal medicine cessation time prior to a surgical procedure? 7-10 days - correct answer Aspirin cessation time prior to a surgical procedure? venous thromboembolism surgical site infection cardiovascular & respiratory complications - correct answer Surgery increases ones risk for ________________, __________________, and ______________________&________________. hemmorhage - correct answer All surgical procedures have the risk of __________. False - correct answer T/F - All patients need to be NPO prior to surgery.
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
raise side rails - correct answer Following administration of pre- anesthetic medications what should the nurse do to increase patient safety? metabolic acidosis - correct answer When glucose metabolism is reduced this acid-base imbalance may occur. epidural anesthesia - correct answer This type of anesthesia could result in life-threatening hypotension and respiratory depression. regional or local anesthesia - correct answer When using these two types of anesthesia the patient is awake. moderate/conscious sedation - correct answer This type of anesthesia allows ventilation and protective airway reflexes to be maintained. aspirating vomitus - correct answer may trigger an asthma-like reaction bowel preps - correct answer increase the risk for fluid and electrolyte deficits the chest to the level of the table and 2 inches above the elbow - correct answer What part of surgical gowns are considered sterile?
