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anxiolytic that is effective for treatment of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) without causing daytime drowsiness - Buspirone (Buspar) An aldosterone antagonist often associated with gynecomastia and hyperkalemia in renal insufficiency - Spironolactone (Aldactone) what are the recommended agents that are used to decrease severity of nephrotoxicity of platinum compounds - Mannitol and Sodium Thiosulfate A patient with hx of schizophrenia presented in emergency with signs of fever, muscle rigidity, high BP and pulse rate. This medication is used to treat this condition. - Dantrolene This drug class does not inhibit bradykinin degradation and is not prone to induce chronic cough. - Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs) This Anti-Epileptic medication can be used as mood stabilizers and for Trigeminal Neuralgia - Carbamazepine
A general anesthetic that has minimal effect on Blood pressure - Etomidate A 2G antipsychotic that causes hyperprolactinemia as adverse effect - Risperidone This drug class works by reducing plasma volume and relieves symptoms of edema and congestion. - Loop diuretic (Ex. Furosemide) A sedative medication available as sublingual tablets and has risk of dependence and daytime drowsiness. - Zolpidem (Ambien) This drugs blocks beta-1 and beta-2 receptors and reduces both hospitalization and mortality in persons with heart failure. - Carvedilol (Coreg) what is the main adverse effect associated with platinum-based chemotherapy drugs? - Nephrotoxicity This common side effect of chemotherapy is characterized by a significant decrease in white blood cells - Neutropenia (decreased WBC) A medication used as adjunct therapy for absence seizures for pregnant women and can be used in RLS, PHN. - Gabapentin A medication used as antidote to rescue from Midazolam overdose and respiratory depression. - Flumazenil (Romazicon)
(> 1 seizure in 5 minute period without regaining consciousness) An anesthetic used to anesthetize he skin before needle injection
- EMLA (Lidocaine + Prilocaine) A patient has an important interview and complains of usually getting tremors, excessive sweating, and tachycardia when giving a speech in public, what would you give to aid this patient? - Propranolol indication for performance anxiety An anesthetic that can be used for tx of canker sores and tooth aches. - Benzocaine Drug of choice for patient experience minor muscle twitching and eye blanking and 3 Hz spike on EEG - Ethosuximide for children Valproate in adults patient is complaining of waking up in middle of the night with a "pounding heartbeat", flushing, intense .nausea, and a "smothering" sensation. The attacks came suddenly and unexpectedly, and resolve within a few minutes. What medications would you use to treat this patient? - Alprazolam (Xanax) Clonazepam (Klonopin) SSRI (Ex. Fluoxetine)
An anesthetic that can be used during cardiac catheterization due to lack of cardiotoxicity. - Fentanyl A medication that causes spina bifida birth defects - Valproate An Increase in this neurotransmitter causes Parkinsons Disease - Acetylcholine Decrease in this neurotransmitter causes Parkinsons Disease - Dopamine Blocking this receptor can treat symptoms of schizophrenia & vomiting - Dopamine D2 receptor Blocking this receptor can treat motion sickness and insomnia - Histamine H1 receptor Benzodiazepine receptor antagonist used in overdose of benzodiazepine - Flumazenil BDZ used in acute tx of panic attack has active metabolite - Alprazolam BDZ used in acute tx of panic attack has inactive metabolite - Clonazepam BZD preferred in elderly, converted to inactive metabolite, used for anxiety - Lorazepam
Anti-allergic medication used for short term treatment of insomnia - Diphenhydramine Anti-histaminic used for mild anxiety or IV in surgery - Hydroxyzine Medication used for insomnia, doesn't affect REM sleep available as SL tablets - Zolpidem (Ambien) Sedative act on BDZ receptor that is used for insomnia for patients that have frequent awakening during the night, has low potential for abuse or dependence - Zaleplon (Sonata) Which anti-cancer drug primarily exerts its cytotoxic effects by forming DNA cross-links? a) Doxorubicin b) Cyclophosphamide c) 6-Mercaptopurine d) Lomustine - b) Cyclophosphamide The main adverse effect of doxorubicin is: a) Nephrotoxicity b) Cardiotoxicity c) Peripheral neuropathy d) Pulmonary fibrosis - b) Cardiotoxicity
Which anti-cancer drug is known for causing significant pulmonary toxicity? a) Vincristine b) Mercaptopurine c) Etoposide d) Bleomycin - d) Bleomycin Imatinib is used to treat specific types of cancer, particularly: a) Breast cancer b) Prostate cancer c) Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) d) Non-Hodgkin lymphoma - c) Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody that primarily targets and binds to: a) HER2 receptors b) CD20 antigen on B cells c) VEGF receptors d) PD-1 receptors - b) CD20 antigen on B cells Tamoxifen is primarily used to treat: a) Ovarian cancer b) Pancreatic cancer c) ER+ Breast cancer d) Lung cancer - c) ER+ Breast cancer
a) Pembrolizumab b) Rituximab c) Ipilimumab d) Atezolizumab - b) Rituximab To mitigate the adverse effects of cyclophosphamide on the urinary bladder, the drug is often co-administered with: a) Mesna b) Ondansetron c) Dexamethasone d) Aprepitant - a) Mesna One of the main adverse effects of vincristine is: a) Pulmonary fibrosis b) Neurotoxicity c) Hepatotoxicity d) Hypertension - b) Neurotoxicity Which anti-cancer drug is classified as an alkylating agent? a) Methotrexate b) Vincristine c) Doxorubicin d) Cyclophosphamide - d) Cyclophosphamide Which anti-cancer drug is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets BCR-ABL fusion protein? a) Rituximab
b) Imatinib c) Bleomycin d) Leuprolide - b) Imatinib Which anti-cancer drug works by blocking estrogen receptors on breast cancer cells? a) Tamoxifen b) Ipilimumab c) Pembrolizumab d) Lomustine - a) Tamoxifen Which drug (s) can cause HYPERKALEMIA? (select all the apply) A. Losartan B. Furosemide C. Spironolactone D. Carvedilol E. Digoxin - Which drug (s) can cause HYPRKALEMIA? A. Losartan C. Spironolactone A 65-year-old white man with diabetes and hypertension, has not be adherent to medical advice or with follow-up visits. He presents today to the ED with profound volume overload (8 kg weight gain) over the past 7-10 days, difficulty breathing, and 2+ pitting edema in the lower extremities. Echocardiogram reveals reduced cardiac function, with a Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) < 30%. He is admitted to the Heart failure unit.
breaths/minute. Which drug therapy should be added for mortality benefit in this patient? A. Digoxin B. Hydralazine-isosorbide denigrate (Bidil) C. Eplerenone D. Captopril - B. Hydralazine-isosorbide denigrate a 66-year-old African American male with a 5-year history of HFeEF is currently managed on furosemide, losartan, spironolactone, and metoprolol succinate. He presents to the clinic and state that he feels his chest has increased in size over the last several months. Which of his medications can be the potential cause of an enlarged chest? A. Metoprolol succinate B. Losartan C. Spironolactone D. Furosemide - C. Spironolactone Spironolactone causes gynecomastia, should be switched to eplerenone A 65-year-old white man with diabetes and hypertension, has not be adherent to medical advice or with follow-up visits. He presents today to the ED with profound volume overload (8 kg weight gain) over the past 7-10 days, difficulty breathing, and 2+ pitting edema in the lower extremities. Echocardiogram reveals reduced cardiac function, with a Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) < 30%. He is admitted to the Heart
failure unit. Which drug therapy is best to initiate first in this patient? A. Hydrochlorothizide B. Torsemide C. Carvedilol D. Sacubitril/valsartan - B. Torsemide Don't use HCTZ, only a loop diuretic. you would start Carvedilol + Sacubitril/Valsartan after the patient symptoms are under control
