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JB LEARNING: EMT FINAL EXAM
202 5/2026 VERIFIED AND ALREADY
GRADED A+
A 4-year-old, 15-kg male ingested an unknown quantity of acetaminophen (Tylenol). The child's mother states that she does not know when the ingestion occurred. The child is conscious and alert and in no apparent distress. The EMT should: - Answer administer 15 g of activated charcoal. A patient who has experienced a back injury, with or without spinal cord damage, would be triaged with a ___________ tag during a mass-casualty incident - Answer yellow An unconscious patient found in a prone position must be placed in a supine position in case he or she: - Answer requires CPR Following delivery of a pulseless and apneic infant who has a foul odor, skin sloughing, and diffuse blistering, you should: - Answer Provide emotional support to the mother Substance abuse is MOST accurately defined as: - Answer knowingly misusing a substance to produce a desired effect. Both areas of the pons are sued to: - Answer augment respiration during physical or emotional stress A transient ischemia attack (TIA) occurs when: - Answer a small clot in a cerebral artery causes temporary symptoms. A decrease in blood pressure may indicate: - Answer a loss of vascular tone Ketone production is the result of: - Answer fat metabolization when glucose is unavailable. A partial-thickness burn involves the outer layer of skin and a portion of the: - Answer dermal layer A young female experienced a laceration to her left eyeball from flying glass when her boyfriend broke a soda bottle against a wall. There is moderate bleeding and the patient states that she cannot see out of the injured eye. You should: - Answer avoid applying pressure to the globe when you are covering the eye. At rest, the normal adult heart rate should not exceed: - Answer 100 beats/min Delivering a patient to the hospital involves all of the following activities, EXCEPT: - Answer giving a verbal report to the clerk
Common names for activated charcoal include all of the following, EXCEPT: - Answer Fructose As the bronchus divides into smaller bronchioles, the terminal ends of these smaller passages form the: - Answer alveoli Common signs and symptoms of AMI include all of the following EXCEPT: - Answer pain exacerbated by breathing Breathing occurs as the result of a(n): - Answer increase in carbon dioxide, which decreases the pH of the CSF During the alert and dispatch phase of EMS communications, the dispatcher's responsibilities include all of the following, EXCEPT: - Answer discouraging the caller from providing care until the EMS unit arrives Initial signs and symptoms associated with viral hemorrhagic fevers include: - Answer headache and sore throat Bile is produced by the liver and concentrated and stored in the: - Answer gallbladder The MOST appropriate treatment for a patient with a mild upper airway obstruction includes: - Answer administering oxygen and transporting immediately A 22 year-old female patient is complaining of dyspnea and numbness and tingling in her hands and feet after an argument with her fiancé. Her respirations are 40 breaths/min. You should: - Answer provide reassurance and give oxygen as needed. A 37 year-old male is found unresponsive in his car. His airway is patent and his respirations are rapid and labored. As you and your partner are assessing and treating the patient, a police officer hands you a medication named Alupent, which he found in the backseat of the patient's car. This medication suggests that the patient has a history of: - Answer asthma A positive TB skin test indicates that: - Answer you have been exposed to TB Kussmaul respirations are an indication that the body is: - Answer attempting to eliminate acids from the blood. A patient with a history of schizophrenia called EMS because he was experiencing abdominal pain. When law enforcement arrived, the patient became violent, necessitating the placement of handcuffs. When you assess the patient, he tells you that killing someone will make his abdominal pain go away. His vital signs are stable. How should you manage the situation? - Answer Request a police officer to accompany you in the ambulance. A blood pressure cuff that is too small for a patient's arm will give a: - Answer falsely high systolic and diastolic reading.
Acute pulmonary edema would MOST likely develop as the result of: - Answer toxic chemical inhalation Activities such as walking, talking, and writing are regulated exclusively by the: - Answer somatic nervous system When the level of arterial carbon dioxide rises above normal: - Answer respirations increase in rate and depth An air embolism associated with diving occurs when: - Answer the driver holds his or her breath during a rapid ascent Most prehospital cardiac arrests occur as the result of: - Answer a cardiac dysrhythmia A patient is bleeding severely from a severed femoral artery high in the groin region. Which of the following would MOST likely control the bleeding? - Answer apply a topical hemostatic agent with direct pressure A patient regains consciousness en route from his office to the emergency department. The patient tells you that he feels fine and does not want to of to the hospital. Under these circumstances, you should: - Answer assess whether the patient's mental condition is impaired. Braxton-Hicks contractions are characterized by: - Answer alleviation of pain with movement or changing positions You are transporting a 33 year-old male who has involved in a major motor vehicle crash. You have addressed all immediate and potentially life-threatening conditions and have stabilized his condition with the appropriate treatment. With an estimated time of arrival at the hospital of 20 minutes, you should: - Answer reassess his condition in 5 minutes. A functional disorder is a: - Answer physiological disorder in the absence of a structural abnormality. Complications associated with using a manually triggered ventilation device include:
- Answer lung tissue injury and gastric distention. A 74 year-old woman complains of heaviness in her chest, nausea, and sweating that suddenly began about an hour ago. She is conscious and alert, but anxious. Her blood pressure is 144/84 mm Hg and her heart rate is 110 beats/min. She took two of her prescribed nitroglycerin (0.4 mg tablets) before you arrival but still feels heaviness in her chest. You should: - Answer recall that geriatric patients often have slower absorption and elimination times, which may necessitate modifications of the dosing of certain drugs. A 19-year-old male was stung multiple times by fire ants. He is experiencing obvious signs and symptoms of anaphylactic shock. You administer high-flow oxygen and give him epinephrine via intramuscular injection. Upon reassessment, you determine
that his condition has not improved. You should: - Answer repeat the epinephrine injection after consulting with medical control. after administering activated charcoal to a patient, it is MOST important to: - Answer be alert for vomiting If a woman with vaginal bleeding reports syncope, the EMT must assume that she: - Answer is in shock Aspirin is beneficial to patients suspected of having a heart attack because it: - Answer prevents the aggregation of platelets A nasopharyngeal airway is inserted: - Answer with the bevel facing the septum if inserted into the right nare A patient with profuse sweating is referred to as being: - Answer diaphoretic An unrestrained patient is sitting in his car after an automobile crash. He is conscious and alert, has no visible trauma, and is complaining of neck and back pain. Before removing him from his car, you should: - Answer apply a cervical collar and immobilize him with a vest-style device A 17 year-old male was shot in the right anterior chest during an altercation. As you partner is applying oxygen you perform a rapid assessment and find an open chest wound with a small amount of blood bubbling from it. You should: - Answer apply an occlusive dressing to the wound and continue your assessment A strangulated hernia is one that: - Answer loses its blood supply due to compression by local tissues. A critical function of the safety officer is to: - Answer stop an emergency operation whenever a rescuer is in danger. After administering 0.3 mg of epinephrine via auto-injector to a 22-year-old female with an allergic reaction, you note improvement in her breathing and dissipation of her hives. However, she is still anxious and tachycardic. You should: - Answer monitor her closely but recall that anxiery and tachycardia are side effects of epinephrine Bacterial vaginosis is a condition that occurs when: - Answer normal bacteria in the vagina are replaced by an overgrowth of other bacterial forms A 39 year-old female experienced a severe closed head injury. She is unconscious with her eyes slightly open; her pupils are bilaterally dilated and slow to react. In addition to managing problems with airway, breathing, and circulation, you should: - Answer close her eyes and cover them with a moist dressing. General guidelines for managing a patient with a behavioral emergency include: - Answer using 10 codes to ensure radio traffic confidentiality
are all identical in shape and size. This patient's clinical presentation is MOST consistent with: - Answer smallpox Most terrorist attacks: - Answer require multiple terrorists working together According to the JumpSTART triage system, if a pediatric patient is not breathing, you should: - Answer assess for a distal pulse. Signs and symptoms of a sympathomimetic drug overdose include: - Answer tachycardia Your assessment of an unresponsive patient reveals that her breathing is inadequate. Your MOST immediate action should be to: - Answer check her airway for obstructions Aggressive ambulance driving may have a negative effect on other motorists because: - Answer it may not allow for their reaction time to respond to your vehicle. If the incident command system (ICS) is already established at the scene of a WMD or terrorist attack, the EMT should: - Answer locate the medical staging officer to obtain his or her assignment. A critical incident stress debriefing should be conducted no more than ________ hours following the incident. - Answer 72 A 62 year-old man with a history of congestive heart failure presents with severe respiratory distress and an oxygen saturation of 82%. When you auscultate his lungs, you hear widespread rales. He is conscious and alert, is able to follow simple commands, and can only speak in two- to three-word sentences at a time. You should: - Answer apply a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device, monitor his blood pressure, and observe him for signs of improvement or deterioration. A common side effect of nitroglycerin include all of the following, EXCEPT: - Answer hypertension When administering supplemental oxygen to a hypoxemic patient with a chronic lung disease, you should: - Answer adjust the flow rate accordingly until you see symptom improvement, but be prepared to assist his or her ventilations. A 70-year-old man presents with a severe nosebleed. His medical history includes COPD, depression, and a hemorrhagic stroke 3 years ago. His BP is 190/110 mm Hg, his pulse is 100 beats/min, and his respirations are 24 breaths/min. His medications include albuterol, sertraline (Zoloft), and multivitamins. Which of the following is MOST likely causing his nosebleed today? - Answer High blood pressure Age-relating changes in the renal system result in: - Answer a decreased ability to clear wastes from the body and a decreased ability to conserve fluids when needed.
When assessing an unresponsive diabetic patient, the primary visible difference between hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia is the: - Answer rate and depth of breathing. A young male is unresponsive after overdosing on an opioid. He is not breathing and his pulse is weak. The EMT should immediately: - Answer ventilate with a BVM. A 40 year-old man is in cardiac arrest. Your partner is performing CPR. You are attaching the AED when the patient's wife tells you that he has an implanted pacemaker. The AED advises that a shock is indicated. What should you do? - Answer Deliver the shock followed by immediate resumption of CPR. During your treatment of a woman in cardiac arrest, you apply the AED, analyze her cardiac rhythm, and receive a "no shock advised" message. This indicates that: - Answer she is not in ventricular fibrillation. A ventilation/perfusion (V/Q ratio) mismatch occurs when: - Answer a disruption in blood flow inhibits the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs, even though the alveoli are filled with fresh oxygen. Common signs and symptoms of acute hyperventilation syndrome include: - Answer tachypnea and tingling in the extremities. A patient who does not respond to your questions, but moves or cries out when his or her trapezius muscle is pinched, is said to be: - Answer responsive to painful stimuli. According to Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations, an employer must: - Answer offer a workplace environment that reduces the risk of exposure. A 50 year-old male presents with an altered mental status. His wife tells you that he had a "small stroke" 3 years ago but has otherwise been in good health. The patient is responsive but unable to follow commands. After administering oxygen, you should: - Answer prepare for immediate transport. Based on current guidelines, in which of the following situations should supplement oxygen be administered? - Answer Exposure to carbon monoxide and an oxygen saturation of 95% At what age does separation anxiety typically peak in infants and small children? - Answer 10 to 18 months At a flow rate of 6 L/min, a nasal cannula can deliver an approximate oxygen concentration of up to: - Answer 44% Alkalosis is a condition that occurs when: - Answer blood acidity is reduced by excessive breathing.
In most instances, you should move a patient on a wheeled ambulance stretcher by:
- Answer pushing the head of the stretcher while your partner guides the foot. Because the stinger of a honeybee remains in the wound following a sting: - Answer it ca continue to inject venom for up to 20 minutes. Common signs and symptoms of acute hyperventilation syndrome include: - Answer cool, clammy skin Functions of the liver include: - Answer secretion of bile and filtration of toxic substances. According to the National EMS Scope of Practice Model, an EMT should be able to: - Answer insert a peripheral intravenous catheter Factors that contribute to a decline in the vital capacity of an elderly patient include all of the following, EXCEPT: - Answer increased surface area available for air exchange As the single EMT managing an apneic patient's airway, the preferred initial method of providing ventilations is the: - Answer mouth-to-mouth mask technique with a one way valve. Febrile seizures: - Answer are usually benign but should be evaluated. Common side effects of epinephrine include all of the following, EXCEPT: - Answer drowsiness Central chemoreceptors located in the medulla provide feedback to increase the rate and depth of breathing when they sense: - Answer slight increases in carbon dioxide or a decrease in the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid. Chronic renal failure is a condition that: - Answer is often caused by hypertension or diabetes. Blood that is ejected from the right ventricle: - Answer flows into the pulmonary arteries. Each ovary produces an ovum in alternating months and releases it into the: - Answer fallopian tube. Cardiac output may decrease if the heart beats too rapidly because: - Answer there is not enough time in between contractions for the heart to refill completely. Activated charcoal may be indicated for a patient who ingested: - Answer aspirin The eyeball itself is referred to as the: - Answer globe
Before giving activated charcoal, you should: - Answer obtain approval from medical control. A 25 year-old man overdosed on heroin and is unresponsive. His breathing is slow and shallow and he is bradycardia. He has track marks on both arms. The EMT should: - Answer insert a nasal airway and ventilate with a BVM. Nerve agents, a class of chemicals called organophosphates, were first discovered while in search of a superior: - Answer pesticide. An infant with a total blood volume of 800 mL would start showing signs of shock when as little as ______ of blood is lost. - Answer 100 mL In contrast to AMI, a dissecting aortic aneurysm: - Answer often presents with pain that is maximal from the onset Shortly after loading your patient, a 50-year-old man with abdominal pain, into the ambulance, he tells you that he changed his mind and does not want to go to the hospital. He is conscious and alert and has no signs of mental incapacitation. You are suspicious that the man has a significant underlying condition and feel strongly that he should go to the hospital. Which of the following statements regarding this situation is correct? - Answer A mentally competent adult can withdraw his or her consent to treat at any time Fetal complications associated with drug-or alcohol- addicted mothers include all of the following, EXCEPT: - Answer profound tachycardia The mental status of a patient who has experienced a generalized seizure: - Answer is likely to improve over a period of 5 to 30 minutes In many states, a minor may be treated as an adult for the purpose of consenting to or refusing medical treatment if the minor: - Answer self-supporting and lives by himself or herself. A precipitous labor and delivery is MOST common in women who: - Answer have delivered a baby before. A 67 year-old female with severe chest pain becomes unresponsive, pulseless, and apneic during transport. You should: - Answer placing her in an upright position. A 60 year-old female presents with a tearing sensation in her lower back. Her skin is sweaty and she is tachycardia. The EMT should suspect: - Answer aortic aneurysm In contrast to the parietal peritoneum, the visceral peritoneum: - Answer is supplied by nerves of the autonomic nervous system, which are less able to localize pain or sensation. Cardiogenic shock following AMI is caused by: - Answer decreased pumping force of the heart muscle
A 75 year-old male with a terminal illness has died at home. As you and your partner enter the residence, a family member becomes verbally abusive, pushes you, and states that you took too long to get there. You should: - Answer retreat and notify law enforcement personnel In contrast to the sympathetic nervous system, the parasympathetic nervous system:
- Answer slows the heart and respiratory rates Symptoms of both inhaled and ingested ricing include: - Answer fever and headache If a newborn's heart rate is less than 60 beats/min following delivery, you should: - Answer provide ventilations for 30 seconds A patient with high blood pressure would be expected to have skin that is: - Answer flushed and red Which of the following MOST accurately describes septic shock? - Answer Bacterial damage to the vessel wall, leaking blood vessels, and vasodilation Botulinum is: - Answer a potent bacterial neurotoxin An EMS provider who has extensive training in various aspects of advanced life support (ALS) is called a(n): - Answer advanced EMT (AMET) At the scene of a motor vehicle crash, you determine that these are two critically injured patients and that another ambulance is needed. You attempt to contract the dispatcher with your portable radio but are unsuccessful. You should: - Answer use the mobile radio in the ambulance to contact dispatch. All critical life functions are coordinated in which part of the brain? - Answer brain stem A 51 year-old female presents with a sudden onset of difficulty breathing. She is conscious and alert and able to speak in complete sentences. Her respirations are 22 breaths/min and regular. You should: - Answer administer oxygen via a non- rebreathing mask In which of the following situations would a direct ground life be the MOST appropriate method of moving a patient? - Answer A conscious patient complaining of abdominal pain Abruptio placenta occurs when: - Answer the placenta prematurely separates from the uterine wall. Individuals with chronic alcoholism are predisposed to intracranial bleeding and hypoglycemia secondary to abnormalities in the: - Answer liver Initial treatment to dislodge a severe foreign body airway obstruction in a responsive infant involves: - Answer back slaps
An infant or small child's airway can be occluded if it is overextended or overflexed because: - Answer the occiput is proportionately large and the trachea is flexible If gastric distention begins to make positive-pressure ventilation difficult, you should:
- Answer reposition the patient's airway An organ or tissue may be better able to resist damage from hypoperfusion if the: - Answer body's temperature is considerably less than 98.6F (37C) A mucosal atomizer device (MAD) is used to deliver certain medications via the: - Answer intranasal route Compared to adults, infants and children are at higher risk for hypothermia for all of the following reasons, EXCEPT: - Answer a relatively small surface area A percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) restores blood flow to the ischemia myocardium by: - Answer dilating the affected coronary artery with a small inflatable balloon Capillary sphincter closure during internal or external bleeding is detrimental because: - Answer waste products are not removed and nutrients are not delivered to the cells A patient's refusal of EMS treatment and/or transport be: - Answer an informed refusal A 56-year-old male is found semiconscious by his wife. Your assessment reveals that his respirations are rapid and shallow, his pulse is rapid and irregular, and his blood pressure is low. The patient's wife states that he complained of left arm pain and nausea the day before, but would not allow her to call 9- 1 - 1. The MOST likely cause of this patient's present condition is: - Answer cardiogenic hypoperfusion A laceration: - Answer is a jagged cut caused by a sharp object or blunt force trauma. Following delivery of the placenta, the mother is experiencing vaginal bleeding. After massaging the uterine funds and allowing the mother to breastfeed, the bleeding stops. This occurs because: - Answer these actions simulate the production of oxytocin and cause uterine contraction A 39-year-old male sustained a large laceration to his leg during an accident with a chainsaw and is experiencing signs and symptoms of shock. You should first: - Answer follow appropriate standard precautions Which of the following statements regarding anaphylactic shock is correct? - Answer Subsequent exposure after sensitization often produced a more severe reaction. A 66-year-old male presents with bizarre behavior. His daughter states that he did not seem to recognize her and was very rude to her. The patient is conscious, and
