ISSA Final Practice Exam: Transformation Specialist - Latest Questions and Answers, Exams of Sports Psychology

Download ISSA Final Practice Exam: Transformation Specialist - Latest Questions and Answers and more Exams Sports Psychology in PDF only on Docsity!

ISSA Final Practice

Exam:

Transformation

Specialist Latest

Questions and

Answers

The strongest predicator of long lasting behavioral change is

a. the relationship between the personal trainer and the client.

b. the client's knowledge

c. the personal trainer's knowledge

d. the personal trainer's fitness level - ANS-a. the relationship between the personal trainer and the client

Inspiring change in the client begins with___.

a. enthusiasm

b. strong boundaries

c. understanding the client on a fundamental level

d. telling the client to change - ANS-c. understanding the client on a fundamental level

Research by Prochaska and colleagues has shown that interventions to change behavior are ______ if they are "stage-matched." that is, "matched to each individual's stage of change.

a. less effective

b. more effective

c. only effective in the short term

d. only effective with specific populations - ANS-b. more effective

Which is not a factor necessary for people to change?

a. self-efficacy

b. an awareness of the "pros" and "cons" of change

c. strategies to maintain change

d. someone to hold them accountable to change - ANS-d. someone to hold them accountable to change

a. preparation training

b. shifting the decisional balance

c. commitment stategies

d. self-efficacy - ANS-c. commitment strategies

When in the maintenance stage, which is helpful

a. self-validation

b. self-efficacy

c. self-control

d. assessing and managing stressors - ANS-d. assessing and managing stressors

The goal of the motivational interviewing coach is to

a. make the client accountable

b. expose the client's ambivalence

c. teach the client

d. develop strategies for the clients to use - ANS-QUIZ 2 Q 1

Creating discrepancy through open-ended questions will _______.

a. enhance motivation for positive change

b. encourage the client

c. increase self-efficacy

d. increase self-control - ANS-a. enhance motivation for positive change

Which is not an assumption of motivation interviewing?

a. all people possess the capacity and desire for self-actualization.

b. the power to change is within the client

c. ambivalence is a normal part of change that becomes a motivation obstacle in the process of change

d. change must begin from outside the client - ANS-d. change must begin from outside the client

Which is not a principle of motivational interviewing?

a. express empathy to your client through reflective listening

b. uncover ambivalence

c. create accountability

d. avoid argument and direct confrontation - ANS-c. create accountability

An empathetic style ______.

a. minimizes the risks of not changing

b. listens rather than tells

c. gives the client direction

d. brings the client's attention to needed change - ANS-b. listen rather than tells

If you are not listening reflectively, but are instead imposing direction and judgment, you are ________.

a. creating barriers between yourself and the client

b. helping the client overcome ambivalence

c. holding the client's attention

d. increasing the client's self-efficacy - ANS-a. creating barriers between yourself and the client

In uncovering ambivalence, the goal is to

a. get clear answers from the clients

b. confront the client's denial system

a. an integral part of ambivalence

b. an integral part of motivation

c. only necessary when the client has no external motivation

d. is not as effective as rewards - ANS-b. an integral part of motivation

The three key elements of motivation are

a. mastery, self-control, and external motivators

b. accountability, autonomy, and purpose

c. mastery, accountability, and purpose

d. mastery, autonomy, and purpose - ANS-d. mastery, autonomy, and purpose

High mastery is associated with

a. intermittent practice

b. reflexive thinking

c. high motivation

d. high purpose - ANS-c. high motivation

Connecting actions to a deeper purpose

a. is essential for spirituality

b. is not a part of change

c. is associated with higher levels of motivation

d. increases autonomy - ANS-c. is associated with higher levels of motivation

Asking your client what she intends to do

a. is less effective than telling her what to do.

b. decreases the personal trainer's authority

c. is more powerful than telling her what to do

d. does not give the client enough direction - ANS-c. is more powerful than telling her what to do

A strong predictor of future change is

a. expressing commitment to change

b. expressing excitement about change

c. expressing desire to change

d. telling people you are going to change - ANS-a. expressing commitment to change

Mind power and success though mind conditioning only comes with

a. a sustained and sincere effort

b. controlling your mind

c. cognitive interventions

d. social facilitation - ANS-a. a sustained and sincere effort

Which is not a key ingredient to an effective mind conditioning program?

a. visualization

b. belief

c. motivation

d. extrinsic rewards - ANS-d. extrinsic rewards

The first step to motivation and self-discipline is

a. to create interventions for self-control

b. to define goals clearly and write them down

c. your client will be far more likely to comply if they believe that exercise and sound nutrition are both healthy and desirable

d. beliefs about exercise and nutrition do not affect exercise adherence - ANS-c. your client will be far more likely to comply if they believe that exercise and sound nutrition are both healthy and desirable

Which is not a factor affecting client exercise adherence?

a. self-efficacy

b. unrealistic expectations

c. social facilitation

d. accountability - ANS-d. accountability

A disconnect exists if negative behaviors persist despite

a. your client knowing the value of a fitness lifestyle

b. your encouragement

c. your requests to change behavior

d. your client's motivation - ANS-a. your client knowing the value of a fitness lifestyle

Which is not a strategy to draw clients into a fitness lifestyle?

a. being aware of your client's psychological dispositions that may cause a disconnect

b. fostering a positive attitude in your client

c. providing instructive feedback so that continual improvement takes place

d. external rewards - ANS-d. external rewards

Positive psychology is now widely referred to as

a. cognitive narrative

b. strengths-based approach

c. paradoxical method

d. short-term approach - ANS-b. strengths-based approach

The premise of positive psychology is that through _______ we raise our levels of happiness, such that we move past simply surviving to a state of thriving (or flourishing).

a. identifying, cultivating and expressing our strengths

b. avoiding adversity

c. increasing self-efficacy

d. avoiding helplessness - ANS-a. identifying, cultivating, and expressing our strengths

Positive psychology looks to adversity as

a. a distraction

b. a deterrent

c. a catalyst for growth

d. not a normal part of growth - ANS-c. a catalyst for growth

Attributional styles are measured through

a. the optimism test

b. the VIA Strengths inventory

c. the Strengths inventory

d. direct questioning - ANS-a. the Optimism test

A pessimistic explanatory style interprets bad events

a. in permanent but not pervasive ways

b. in personal and permanent but not pervasive ways

c. in permanent and pervasive but not personal ways

Which is not a way to use setback to build your client's strengths?

a. invite vulnerability

b. encourage openness

c. identify problem areas

d. ask what can be learned - ANS-c. identify problem areas

Which is not an elements of flourishing?

a. meaning

b. admiration of others

c. engagement

d. positive emotions - ANS-b. admirations of others

Which is not a way to use flourishing to boost your client's mood?

a. practice engagement

b. deepen relationships

c. identify and overcome barriers

d. find unique achievements - ANS-c. identify and overcome barriers

Attributions reflect the client's

a. explanatory style

b. attitude

c. cognitions

d. future behavior - ANS-a. explanatory style

Client who give up easily tend to explain things to themselves in

a. impermanent ways

b. permanent ways

c. impersonal ways

d. inaccurate ways - ANS-b. permanent ways

Those who make ______ explanations for failures give up on everything when failure strikes.

a. specific

b. non specific

c. universal

d. non universal - ANS-c. universal

Personalization describes what a person ______ while permanence and pervasiveness describe what a person ______.

a. feels, will do

b. thinks, feels

c. will do, thinks

d. thinks, will do - ANS-a. feels, will do

Research on the Optimism Test has demonstrated consistently is that no single score is an important as ____________.

a. the permanence score for bad event

b. the permanence score for good events

c. the pervasiveness score for bad events

d. the hope score - ANS-d. the hope score

a. give thanks

b. give back

c. do a gratitude test

d. shift personalization - ANS-d. shift personalization

A Relationship Litmus Test is a way to ______

a. improve relationships

b. let go of projections

c. find meaning

d. identify goals - ANS-a. improve relationships

Which of the following is a way to increase your client's sense of meaning?

a. re-aligning relationships

b. re-aligning priorities

c. re-aligning values

d. re-aligning achievements - ANS-a. re-aligning priorities

Which of the following is a way to increase client achievement?

a. chunking

b. re-creating relationships

c. re-aligning values

d. taking a mental detour - ANS-a. chunking

Self-control appears to be

a. linked to social support

b. an unlimited resource

c. an unregulated resource

d. a limited resource - ANS-a. a limited resource

Hyperbolic discounting described a phenomenon where in the present the benefits of a decision (such as going jogging in the morning) outweigh the costs, yet, over time, the benefits will _______ and the costs will increase, until the decision is no longer favorable to us.

a. remain the same

b. decrease

c. increase

d. increase with the costs - ANS-b. decrease

Temptation costs refer to the _____ costs of avoiding temptations.

a. social

b. psychological

c. time

d. cognitive - ANS-b. psychological

The long run self can exert control over impulses while the short run self often

a. falls prey to impulses

b. exaggerates impulses

c. doesn't respond to impulses

d. ignores impulses - ANS-a. falls prey to impulses

In hot states _____ override cognitive reasoning.

a. past experiences

c. slowing our brains down and becoming more conscious of our behavior

d. using motivated reasoning - ANS-c. slowing our brains down and becoming more conscious of our behavior

_______ is a stronger motivator than reward for weight loss.

a. long term losses

b. loss aversion

c. immediate rewards

d. delayed rewards - ANS-b. loss aversion

Hard commitments impose _______ in a specific behavior and are stronger motivators than _______.

a. fines, soft commitments

b. fines, rewards

c. penalties, rewards

d. penalties, soft commitments - ANS-d. penalties, soft commitments

Thinking about commitments and understanding that they are not supposed to be easy ______ our ability to resist temptations.

a. decreases

b. only improve temporarily

c. does not affect

d. improves - ANS-d. improves

Making a commitment to our ______ is a stronger motivator than commitments made to strangers.

a. employers

b. children

c. financial brokers

d. alliances - ANS-d. alliances

A commitment device is defined as:

a. A way to force yourself to change your behavior

b. a means by which you make the desired result more expensive

c. a way to get other people to change their behavior

d. a means with which to lock yourself into a course of action that you might not otherwise choose but that produces a desired result - ANS-d. a means with which to lock yourself into a course of action that you might not otherwise choose but that produces a desired result

Commitment devices act to:

a. enhance self-control but not improve decisions

b. enhance neither self-control or decisions

c. improve decisions but not self-control

d. enhance self-control and improve decisions - ANS-d. enhance self-control and improve decisions

Soft commitments use social, psychological and financial ______ to encourage behavior toward desired outcomes.

a. incentives

b. adjustments

c. outcomes

d. penalties - ANS-a. incentives

Hard commitments use _____ that are usually financial in nature, to encourage behavior toward desired outcomes.

a. adjustments