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ISSA Corrective Exercise
Final 100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS 2024/
CORRECT
Tendons and ligaments are similar because they both have: A limited blood supply and low metabolism What is the name of the outer layer of connective tissue on skeletal muscle? Epimysium The functional units of skeletal muscle that allow it shorten are: Sarcomeres In terms of muscle actions at the knee joint, the quadriceps and hamstrings are: antagonists Skeletal muscle shortens when: actin and myosin bind and slide past each other A muscular force-couple occurs when: two or more muscles concurrently produce force in different directions to produce one movement When lifting the arm overhead, impingement of the subacromial space is avoided when:
a muscular force-couple occurs between the deltoid and supraspinatus During a squat, your client's knees buckle inward as she ascends. This problem is most likely due to: weakness of the hip abductors and external rotator After a workout, your client mentions that he feels a deep, nervy pain in his shoulder that radiates down to his hand. You first course of action should be to: tell him to get cleared from a physician or physical therapist before your next workout Your new client mentions that he has left shoulder pain when pressing a 50- pound dumbbell overhead. During your initial movement assessment, what is the most acceptable first step? Instruct him to mimic the left shoulder movement without any weight in hand When a client with right shoulder pain has been cleared to exercise, which of the following steps comes earliest in the corrective exercise process? Assess whether or not the client can perform diaphragmatic breathing Your client, Steve, who you haven't trained in 6 weeks calls to schedule a session with you. During the call he mentions that he's been losing weight without a change to his diet, he's been having night sweats, and recently had a fever. You should: tell him to get cleared from his physician before scheduling a workout with you The purpose(s) of diaphragmatic breathing is to help your client: achieve a state of low stress and improve ribcage alignment What is one primary difference between an upper motor neuron and a lower motor neuron?
Superficial back line A concentric muscle action occurs when: the pulling force of a muscle is greater than the resistance force For what primary reason is the gluteus maximus the strongest muscle in the human body? It is the largest muscle Considering the 180° of shoulder abduction required to reach overhead, how many degrees comes from the scapulothoracic region? 60° The human body loses its balance when what happens? The center of mass falls outside of its base of support When a client has poor motor control it increases his/her risk of joint pain and injury because of what two reasons? Poor motor control puts more stress on the muscles and joints Which system contains structures and neurons that connect receptors within the skin, muscles, and joints to the cerebellum? Somatosensory system After months of practicing a movement, an athlete is able to "automatically" produce that movement very quickly. This is due to the development of: Open-loop motor control The process that underlies all motor learning is known as Neuroplasticity
Which brain structure is primarily responsible for correcting movement while it's occurring? Cerebellum What is the primary difference between closed-loop and open-loop motor control? Closed-loop motor control uses sensory feedback to learn a movement Skeletal muscle is directly controlled and innervated by which component of the nervous system? Lower motor neurons Which neurotransmitter is released at the neuromuscular junction? Acetylcholine During an initial meeting with a potential client it's important to ask if he's been experiencing any red flag symptoms. Which of the following is not a red flag? Night sweats During an initial interview with a potential client, he mentions that he has been experiencing pain that feels like it's inside his knee joint. What should you do? This is a red flag symptom, so refer to a health care professional You're training a client to learn a new exercise that is unfamiliar to her, and she's struggling to perform the exercise correctly. In order to promote motor learning, how should the sets be performed? Using a slow movement speed with a light load When training a client with a corrective exercise, how many reps should the client perform?
What muscles are primarily targeted when your client performs the posterior shoulder ball roll? Infraspinatus and teres minor/major Excessive anterior pelvic tilt is typically associated with weakness/inhibition of which two muscle groups? Glutes and abdominals Why is static stretching of the hamstrings not recommended for a person with anterior pelvic tilt? It could create more pelvic instability because the hamstrings are "locked long" For a client with excessive posterior pelvic tilt, what is the purpose of the cat- camel exercise? Reduce spinal friction and promote anterior pelvic tilt Why is it important to learn how to identify compensations seen during the modified Thomas Test? Because most people have short/stiff anterior hip muscles Your client is performing the foam roll mobility drill for her right quadriceps. How should you instruct her during the drill? Your right quadriceps should stay partially contracted." Your client demonstrates right knee valgus while performing a lunge or squat. Which of the following muscles is likely to be overactive and have sore trigger points? Right gluteus medius Why is it recommended to perform the hip thrust after mobilizing the hip flexors?
To actively move the hip joint into the new, greater range of extension Which of the following is not a recommended strategy to reduce the likelihood of a hamstring cramp during the single-leg hip thrust? Move the foot of the working leg further from the trunk What is the biggest risk factor for your client to experience a future right hamstring injury? Previous right hamstring injury Which of the following athletes would likely require more than 20° of ankle dorsiflexion? Olympic lifter Which of the following impairments is likely to cause your client to shift his trunk excessively forward during the lowering phase of a squat? Poor dorsiflexion Why is a pen/marker placed against the client's arch during the wall ankle mobilization drill? To restrict pronationsince it's a common compensation When your client has poor extension of the big toe, which of the following structures can it negatively affect while running? A)Lower limbs B)Pelvis C)Both A and B (Correct Answer) D)None of the above The foot inversion assessment measures mobility of which muscle group?
Your client's right knee falls into valgus while she performs the hip hinge with mini-band. Which of the following cues would provide her with an external focus to correct the error? "Increase the stretch of the right side of the band" Which of the following best describes how your client should step during a monster walk? Short steps, land with a flat foot While performing a barefoot reverse lunge with the client's right leg in front, your client's right foot overly pronates. Which of the following is a corrective strategy that provides an external focus? Place a pen/marker against the arch of the client's right foot When your client performs the wall elbow walk with band, where should he feel it working? Posterior shoulder You've noticed that your client's right scapula wings while he performs the lowering phase of a push-up. Which of the following correctives would most likely benefit him? Upper trapezius stretch The downward dog corrective has been helping your client improve his dumbbell shoulder press technique. Over the weekend he strained his right wrist and it still bothers him. Which of the following steps should you take? Perform the downward dog with his elbows resting on the floor Research demonstrates a link between weak hip abductors and which of the following?
Iliotibial band syndrome (ITBS) When your client performs the sphinx with reach exercise, why is it important to avoid a shoulder shrug in the support arm? To maximize serratus anterior activation When your client performs the scapular activation drill with the arm held at an upward angle, which of the following positions is most appropriate? A shoulder position just short of pain Why is it important to avoid telling your client that you're performing a postural assessment? He/she will inevitably stand with better posture than normal During a sagittal plane view postural assessment you notice that your client stands with his knees slightly flexed. Which of the following does that indicate? He is a quad dominant person During a frontal plane view postural assessment you notice that your client's left shoulder appears to be elevated/shrugged at rest. Which of the following is the most appropriate corrective? Stretch for the left upper trapezius A client that demonstrates upper crossed syndrome typically has weakness in which of the following muscle groups? Deep neck flexors Which of the following negative effects can occur if your client performs a stretch or lacrosse ball mobilization drill while being stressed and in a heightened state of pain?
Your client was able to improve his exercise technique through the cues you gave him, without any change in load. This indicates an improvement in which of the following? Mobility Which muscles are typically overactive in the lower crossed syndrome that was described by Prof. Janda? Hip flexors/thoracolumbar extensors Which of the following is a position your client should avoid while performing the cat-camel exercise? An extreme end-range of motion stretch During the modified Thomas Test assessment for your client's right hip, she demonstrates hip abduction in the resting position. Which of the following does this indicate? Shortening/stiffness of the right tensor fascia latae Which muscle group is the hip thrust exercise intended to strengthen? Glutes Research demonstrates a relationship between knee pain and which of the following? Weak hip abductors Knee valgus is commonly associated with which of the following compensations? Excessive pronation of the feet
Your client, William, sits for many hours each day at his computer. Which of the following compensations are you likely to observe? A) Posterior pelvic tilt B) Shortened hip flexors C) Both A and B (correct answer) D) None of the above Your client is a professional basketball player with a 40" vertical jump and he experiences no low back or knee pain. You assess his hamstring mobility at the popliteal angle and determine that it's less than normal. What should you do? Leave his hamstrings alone During a sagittal plane postural assessment you observe anteriorly rotated shoulders. Which of the following correctives is most likely to benefit the client? Stretches for the pectorals When your client lacks dorsiflexion, which of the following compensations is common to observe during a squat? Excessive anterior trunk shift Maximal contraction of the hip extensors results in relaxation of the hip flexors. This is an example of what neural arrangement? Reciprocal innervation Activating the hip abductors has been shown to increase mobility of which of the following muscle groups? Abdominals Iliotibial band syndrome (ITBS) is caused by which of the following? An overuse injury of the IT band
