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ISA Certified Arborist Exam
Questions and Verified Answers
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test consisting of 200 multiple-choice ques with Ans
1. When cutting through a tree with a chainsaw or drilling into a tree you wouldpass through (in order)pg - bark, cambium, phloem, xylem - bark, phloem, cambium, xylem - bark, cambium, xylem, phloem - bark, xylem, phloem, cambium The answer is bark, phloem, cambium, xylem 2. If the terminal bud is removed in pruning pg - Growth may be stimulated in lateral buds - flowering is stimulated to enhance fruit production - the branch will die back - all of the above The answer is Growth may be stimulated in lateral buds 3. The growth rings of many trees pg
- Are visible because of the rapid growth rate of earlywood relativeto latewood - Can be counted to approximate a trees age - Can give information about growing conditions in previous years - all of the above The answer is All of the above 4. Which layer of cells is responsible for outward trunk growth and increasedgirth of a tree? pg - cambium - pith - epidermis - cortex The answer is cambium 5. Douglasfir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) differs from balsam fir (Abies bal-samea) in that pg - they are not in the same genus - they are not in the same family - Douglas fir is actually a type of hemlock - balsam fir is not a conifer The answer is they are not in the same genus 6. Mycorrhizae are pg
- Quercus (oaks) - Cornus (dogwoods) The answer is Quercus (oaks) 10. Which conifers have needles in bundles pg - hemlocks - firs - pines - spruces The answer is pines 11. Most of the fine absorbing roots are typically found near the soil surfacebecause pg - roots grow where conditions are favorable - roots need UV light to drive respiration - the Ph of the soil is generally higher near the surface - phosphorus and potassium are more available The answer is roots grow where conditionsare favorable 12. Microorganisms tend to congregate in the rhizosphere, in part becausepg - sugar exudates from root tips are a source of food - mycorrhizae fix nitrogen and make it available - root hairs tend to collect cations essential to microorganism growth - bacteria preferentially feed on the meristem tissue at the root tips
The answer is sugarexudates from root tips are a source of food
13. If a planting hole in a clay soil site is backfilled with sandy soil, pg - drainage will improve - nutrients will be more available - water will drain very slowly out of the planting hole - improve texture of backfill will reduce chances of girdling rootsforming The answer is water will drain very slowly out of the planting hole
17. Sandy soils pg - have greater water-holding capacity - have higher infiltration rates than clay soils - do not ever reach field capacity because drainage is good - all of the above The answer is have higher infiltration rates than clay soils 18. A soil is at field capacity when pg - it is completely saturated - the permanent wilting point has been reached - gravitational water has drained away - ther is no water available to the roots The answer is gravitational water has drained away 19. With sprinkler irrigation pg - Less frequent waterings of longer duration will reduce the likelihood of salt buildup, - water hitting the soil surface can lead to crusting, - application rates that exceed absorption can lead to runoff. - all of the above The answer is All of the above 20. In sites where poor drainage can be a problem, which will NOT help toensure
plant survival pg 66
- careful plant selection and shallow planting - improvement of surface drainage by changing the grade, or trenching - installation of drain tiles - placing gravel in the bottom of the planting hole and backfilling with a sandy soil The answer is placing gravel in the bottom of the planting hole and backfillingwith a sandy soil 21. An 80 - pound bag of 10 - 6 - 4 fertilizer contains how many pounds of actualnitrogen? pg
- 6
- 8
- 10
- 4 The answer is 8 22. A complete fertilizer contains pg - All 16 essential elements - nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium - organic and in-organic nitrogen - equal amounts of N, P and K The answer is nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium
26. Climatic factor that determines hardiness zones is pg - north-south location - temperature, rainfall and winds - east-west location - low temperature extremes The answer is low temperature extremes 27. Trees to be planted under utility lines should be pg - tolerant of heavy top pruning - low-growing to remain below the lines - vase-shaped or overarching to clear conductors - all of the above The answer is low growing to remain below the lines. 28. Some trees acclimate to shade conditions by pg 92 - developing larger leaves - developing thinner leaves - variegated foliage losing variegation, or colored foliage tending tobe greener - All of the above The answer is All of the above 29. Fastigiate trees have a growth form that is pg - upright - weeping - overarching - vase-shaped
The answer is upright
30. Some tree species are adapted to hot, dry, or bright light conditions withsmall, thick foliage and sunken stomata. - true - False The answer is True 31. Staking or guying when planting a tree is pg - done only for bare root trees - not necessary for trees greater than 6 inches (15 centimeter) diameter - not always required or necessary. - for promoting a larger and stronger root system and better trunktaper The answer is not always required or necessary. 32. Planting a row of palms at various depths to create a row of uniform heightpg113. - will not be harmful as long as the soil is sandy and well drained - can lead to death of the deeply planted trees - is acceptable due to the deep rooting of palms - is recommended to achieve deep rooting in sandy soils The answer is can lead to death ofthe deeply planted trees
- codominant branching can be avoided - all of the above The answer is all of the above 37. To prune trees that flower on the previous year's growth and maximizeflowering you should prune pg - any time during the dormant season - shortly after flowering - in late summer after seed formation - in the fall just after leaf drop The answer is shortly after flowering 38. When pruning a branch from a tree, the final cut should be pg - flush with the parent stem - at a 45° angle to the parent stem - parallel to the branch bark ridge - just outside the branch collar The answer is just outside the branch collar
39. When it comes to pruning as a rule, mature trees are pg - more tolerant of extremes than young tree - capable of tolerating heading - not tolerant of severe pruning - unlikely to produce watersprouts The answer is not tolerant of severe pruning 40. If the height of a tree must be reduced pg - branches should be removed at their point of origin or to a laterallarge enough to assume the terminal role - all cuts should be made at internodes to avoid cutting through buds - the tree should be root pruned to compensate for foliage loss - all of the above The answer is branches should be removed at their point of origin or to a laterallarge enough to assume the terminal role 41. An advantage of the amon-eye system, over the use of an eye bolt ispg - no washers are needed on the terminations - the length of the rod can be adjusted - they are considered stronger than eye bolts - the eye bolt is not a drop-forged The answer is the length of the rod can be adjusted 42. The purpose of a lightning protection system is pg - reduce the voltage of the strike - prevent the tree from being struck - to conduct the electrical charge into the soil away from the tree
- installing the cables low in the tree with turnbuckles that can be tightened from the ground - all of the above The answer is cabling the limbs together in triangular combinations 46. A condition characterized by a cluster of dwarfed shoots on affected twigsis called pg - witch's broom - anthracnose - chlorosis - Verticillium wilt The answer is witch's broom 47. Twig dieback from periodical cicadas is primarily a result of pg - ovipositing (egg-laying) - adults feeding on the foliage - larvae feeding on the roots - feeding-induced galls on the twigs and foliage The answer is ovipositing (egg-laying) 48. Plant damage associated with a sap-feeding insect pest might appear aspg - leaves that have been skeletonized - distorted leaves or shoots - leaf mines or blotches - webs or tents in the tree The answer is distorted leaves or shoots 49. Scale damage to plants is the result of pg
- fungal spore growth depleting xylem reserves - Phloem-feeding insects causing a loss of vigor - vascular damage from fungal invasion - a physiological disorder due neither to insects nor to disease The answer is Phloem-feedinginsects causing a loss of vigor 50. Damage caused by non-living factors tend to be pg - Uniform with definite borders - uniform, but generally not affecting the new growth - random and concentrated on the new growth - random with irregular borders The answer is Uniform with definite borders 51. Plant Health Care is a comprehensive program to manage pg - insects and disease of plants - tree health without the use of pesticides - the appearance, structure, and health of plants - pests, pathogens, and abiotic disorders of trees The answer is the appearance, structure andhealth of plants 52. The mortality spiral describes the pg - process off infection and spread of disease in a tree
56. A necessary component in the existence of tree risk is pg - a tree with a potential for failure, - an environment that may contribute to failure, - a person or object that may be injured or damaged - all of the above The answer is all of the above 57. Which type of decay primarily affects the lignin within and between cellwalls in the wood, reducing the tree's compressive strength?pg - brown rot - white rot - soft rot - sapwood rot The answer is white rot 58. Following construction, forest trees on the edge of remaining stands areprone to failure due to pg - losing the protection of the trees that used to surround them, - less trunk stability and poor taper,
- increased exposure to the weather elements - all of the above The answer is all of the above 59. Trees that lean because of ground failure or root injury pg - have a high potential to fail - are less of a risk than those that lean due to phototropism - are not a thread unless located at the edge of a wooded area - are a risk only if they begin to grow in compensation for the lean The answer is have a highpotential to fail 60. Arborists, as trained professionals in tree care, pg - are required to have formal training in risk assessment - must be qualified to perform a root crown inspection - Will be held to a higher standard of care than general citizens. - all of the above The answer is Will be held to a higher standard of care than general citizens. 61. When soils are compacted by construction equipment, trees usually de-cline because - Oxygen availability is reduced, - the ability of the roots to absorb water and minerals decreases, - root growth and expansion may be diminished - all of the above The answer is all of the above 62. Arborists should be involved early in the construction planning processbecause pg
