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Ionic Compounds. – often a metal + nonmetal. – anion (nonmetal), add “ide” to element name. BaCl2 barium chloride. K2O potassium oxide. Mg(OH)2.
Typology: Exercises
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Na
sodium
hydrogen
Li
lithium fluoride F
Cs
caesium
potassium
Ag
silver
chloride Cl
bromide Br
iodide I
Mg
2+ magnesium
Sr
2+ strontium
Ca
2+ calcium
Zn
2+ zinc
Ba
2+ barium
Cd
2+ cadmium
Al
3+ aluminium
Cations
Charge Formula Name
Anions
Charge Formula Name
oxide O
2-
sulfide S
2-
nitride N
3-
BaCl 2
barium chloride
K 2
O potassium oxide
Mg(OH) 2
magnesium hydroxide
KNO
3
potassium nitrate
oxoanions often end with ate
Formula
4
3
-
3
Formula
ammonium
hydronium
Name Name
-
acetate
cyanide
- hydroxide
ClO 3
- chlorate
2
- nitrite
3
- nitrate
MnO 4
- permanganate
3
2
-
carbonate
CrO 4
2
-
chromate
Cr 2
7
2
-
dichromate
2
2
- peroxide
3
2 -
sulfite
4
3 - phosphate
4
2 -
sulfate
e.g. nitrogen forms
2 oxoanions
NO 3
-
NO 2
- “ite”
“ate”
nitrite
nitrate
ClO
- hypochlorite (“ hypo” – least)
ClO 2
- chlorite
ClO 3
- chlorate
ClO 4
- perchlorate (“per” – most)
order as before
+ )
e.g. S
**2-
+ HS
- hydrogen sulfide
CO 3
**2-
+ HCO 3
- hydrogen carbonate
OH
- hydroxide ion
Oxoanions
add “hydrate” preceded by prefix indicating the number of water molecules
e.g. CuSO 4
Cu
2+ , SO 4
2- copper(II) sulfate
CuSO 4
. 5H 2
(5 water molecules, called water of hydration)
copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate
1 mono- 2 di- 3 tri- 4 tetra- 5 penta-
6 hexa- 7 hepta- 8 octa- 9 nona- 10 deca-
Hydrates (compounds that contain water molecules):
………… often molecular
3
4
st
st
3
2
2
4
Examples:
Sample Problem Naming Binary Ionic Compounds
PROBLEM: Name the ionic compound formed from the following pairs of
elements:
(a) magnesium and nitrogen
Use the periodic table to decide which element is the metal and
which the nonmetal. The metal (cation) is named first and we
use the - ide suffix on the nonmetal name root.
(b) iodine and cadmium
(c) strontium and fluorine (d) sulfur and caesium
(a) magnesium nitride
(b) cadmium iodide
(c) strontium fluoride
(d) caesium sulfide