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Introductory Sociology - Exam 1 with Correct Answers | SOC 1004, Exams of Introduction to Sociology

Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech)Introduction to Sociology
Prof. Michael D. Hughes

Exam #1 from Fall 2008 with correct answers Material Type: Exam; Professor: Hughes; Class: Introductory Sociology; Subject: Sociology; University: Virginia Polytechnic Institute And State University; Term: Fall 2008;

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Introductory Sociology Important notes: (1) Your answer must be marked
First Exam – Spring 2008 on your op-scan form for it to count.
Professor Michael Hughes (2) Your name and student number must be on your
op-scan form for your exam to count.
Mark the BEST answer on your op-scan form. There are 50 questions.
1. The sociological imagination is the ability to:
1. see individual experiences as a part of larger social and historical events.
2. analyze other cultures to determine how they are different from our culture.
3. understand social problems and imagine how to best change them.
4. see individual behavior as the reason for social problems.
2. Who is considered the founder of sociology?
1. WEB DuBois
2. Emile Durkheim
3. Auguste Comte
4. Karl Marx
3. Which sociological perspective takes a small-scale approach to sociology, and holds the view that
people create their social worlds through shared understandings and the use of symbols?
1. Functionalist perspective
2. Conflict perspective
3. Interactionist perspective
4. Feminist perspective
4. A sociology professor conducted a study by asking her students 20 questions about their opinions on
improving classes at Virginia Tech. This is an example of
1. an experiment.
2. participant observation.
3. mixed methods.
4. a survey.
5. Income, religion, race and gender are all examples of
1. operational definitions.
2. control groups.
3. variables.
4. scales.
6. Judging another culture by the standards of our own culture is called
1. cultural relativism.
2. ethnocentrism.
3. cultural integration.
4. cultural universals.
7. A master status
1. is secured on the basis of choice or competition.
2. carries primary weight in a person’s interactions with others.
3. is granted to those people in positions of power.
4. 1 and 4.
Fall 2008
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Download Introductory Sociology - Exam 1 with Correct Answers | SOC 1004 and more Exams Introduction to Sociology in PDF only on Docsity!

Introductory Sociology Important notes: (1) Your answer must be marked First Exam – Spring 2008 on your op-scan form for it to count. Professor Michael Hughes (2) Your name and student number must be on your op-scan form for your exam to count.

Mark the BEST answer on your op-scan form. There are 50 questions.

  1. The sociological imagination is the ability to: 1. see individual experiences as a part of larger social and historical events.
    1. analyze other cultures to determine how they are different from our culture.
    2. understand social problems and imagine how to best change them.
    3. see individual behavior as the reason for social problems.
  2. Who is considered the founder of sociology?
    1. WEB DuBois
    2. Emile Durkheim 3. Auguste Comte
    3. Karl Marx
  3. Which sociological perspective takes a small-scale approach to sociology, and holds the view that people create their social worlds through shared understandings and the use of symbols?
    1. Functionalist perspective
    2. Conflict perspective 3. Interactionist perspective
    3. Feminist perspective
  4. A sociology professor conducted a study by asking her students 20 questions about their opinions on improving classes at Virginia Tech. This is an example of
    1. an experiment.
    2. participant observation.
    3. mixed methods. 4. a survey.
  5. Income, religion, race and gender are all examples of
    1. operational definitions.
    2. control groups. 3. variables.
    3. scales.
  6. Judging another culture by the standards of our own culture is called
    1. cultural relativism. 2. ethnocentrism.
    2. cultural integration.
    3. cultural universals.
  7. A master status
    1. is secured on the basis of choice or competition. 2. carries primary weight in a person’s interactions with others.
    2. is granted to those people in positions of power.
    3. 1 and 4.

Fall 2008

  1. According to the definition in the textbook, norms are
    1. patterned and recurrent aspects of life shared by all known societies.
    2. broad ideas regarding what is desirable, correct and good. 3. social rules for appropriate and inappropriate behavior shared by members of a culture.
    3. elitist behaviors of people with social status.
  2. A group that shares a counterculture would be a group
    1. whose members typically adopt and conform to all norms of the larger society. 2. whose norms, values and lifestyles are at odds with the larger society.
    2. whose members establish and reinforce the shared social norms of the larger society.
    3. 1 and 3.
  3. Isaac, a junior at Virginia Tech, has many roles: student, soccer player, roommate, friend, vice president of a university-sponsored club. What is this an example of?
    1. duties 2. role set
    2. values
    3. ascribed status
  4. Families, peers, schools and mass media are all 1. agents of socialization.
    1. proxemics.
    2. acquisition devices.
    3. dramaturgical.
  5. The looking glass-self is
    1. a person’s awareness of her or his distinct identity.
    2. a child’s awareness of the attitudes and expectations of adult society. 3. a process by which come we to view ourselves as we believe others see us.
    3. a pattern of attitudes, needs, characteristics and behavior.
  6. If we think that most people look up to us, we will probably have good self-esteem. If we think that most people look down on us, we will probably have low self-esteem. This is an example of:
    1. personal efficacy.
    2. impression management. 3. reflected appraisals.
    3. egocentric bias.
  7. True or False: For children, a generalized other is typically a parent or a teacher.
    1. True 2. False
  8. The dramaturgical approach was defined by 1. Goffman: social life is a stage on which people interact as actors and audience members.
    1. Mead: selfhood is attained by assuming a dual perspectives of the “I” and the “me”.
    2. Cooley: people transform themselves and their worlds through social interaction.
    3. Piaget: children perform the various stages of development as actors in the play of life.
  1. According to the article by Erving Goffman in Readings in Sociology , most people know that other people engage in impression management. In order to avoid being “taken in” by others’ impression management, people are often particularly attentive to what they assume: 1. are expressions given-off
    1. are the moral demands implicit in interaction
    2. are the setting, appearance, and manner
    3. are team performances .
  2. True or False: In his article on bureaucracy in Readings in Sociology , Perrow argues that an important benefit of bureaucracy in modern society is that it de-centralizes power.
    1. True. 2. False.
  3. According to lecture, the primary focus of anthropology is:
    1. individual behavior
    2. the organization of power and authority in societies
    3. adaptation to the environment, especially distribution and consumption of goods and services
    4. culture
  4. In lecture it was noted that science describes, generalizes, explains, and predicts. As noted in that lecture, the primary function of prediction in science is to:
    1. to enable people to control their future
    2. provide information so that future events can be managed (not necessarily controlled) 3. test theories
    3. provide a justification to funding agencies for continuing support for research
  5. True or False: According to lecture, objectivity is a value in science. It is also a goal that has been realized. We can be confident facts and theories generated by science are free of bias.
    1. True 2. False
  6. According to lecture, the definition of ________ is “a position in a social structure.”
    1. role
    2. norm
    3. folkway 4. status
  7. Individualism, justice, and honor are good examples of what sociological concept? 1. values
    1. roles
    2. ascriptions
    3. statuses
  8. According to the lecture, the idea that culture is a “manipulated code” is a specific version of which of the following hypotheses about how culture and social structure are linked:
    1. social structure determines culture
    2. culture is a manufactured product
    3. social structure and culture are concepts that mean the same thing 4. culture determines social structure
  1. As noted in lecture, the concept, “Social Facts,” is a central idea in the work of which theorist?
    1. Sainte Simon
    2. Max Weber 3. Emile Durkheim
    3. Karl Marx
  2. In lecture it was pointed out that from the functionalist perspective, deviance, disorder, riots and crime are:
    1. functional 2. dysfunctional
    2. social inertia
    3. social constructions
  3. Family, religion, economy, and polity were given in the lecture as examples of___________.
    1. groups
    2. organizations 3. institutions
    3. functions
  4. One definition of ____ noted in the lecture is: “a system of shared meanings used to interpret reality.”
    1. function 2. culture
    2. society
    3. status sphere
  5. In lecture it was noted that _____ is the term used to refer to Herbert Spencer’s idea that government should not intervene in society by helping those who can not “make it.” 1. Social Darwinism
    1. Structural functionalist theory
    2. Social Structure
    3. Biological Spencerism
  6. According to lecture, a status which is assigned by a group or society is a(n): 1. ascribed status
    1. achieved status
    2. latent status
    3. formal status
  7. According to the lecture (and the text), two or more people who share a feeling of unity and who are bound together in relatively stable patters of social interaction constitute a(n):
    1. institution
    2. society
    3. role Set 4. group
  8. According to lecture, the notion that if people define situations as real, they are real in their consequences is known as the: 1. Thomas Theorem
    1. Peter Principle
    2. Parkinson’s Law
    3. Darwin Principle
  1. A(n) ____ is very important for well-being, provides the context for most of the positive and negative things that happen to people, and is a very effective social control agent.
    1. reference group
    2. in-group 3. primary group
    3. secondary group
  2. Social loafing refers to the pattern of people:
    1. dramatically realizing the role of the alienated person 2. working less hard when in a group, than when working by themselves
    2. misunderstanding the requirements of secondary groups
    3. slacking off when the leader is absent
  3. Which of the following is NOT among the characteristics of bureaucracy that were discussed in lecture?
    1. hiring based on expertise
    2. offices not owned 3. specialized attention to individual needs
    3. paper trail
  4. According to the lecture and text, the idea that work expands to fill the time available for its completion is:
    1. the iron law of oligarchy
    2. Peter principle 3. Parkinson’s law
    3. trained incapacity