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A comprehensive introduction to the fundamental concepts of pathophysiology, covering key terms and definitions related to the study of disease processes. It explores the functional changes that occur in the body as a result of injury, disorder, or disease, examining the underlying mechanisms and the impact on various systems. The document also delves into the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and management of diseases, providing a foundational understanding of the subject.
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Pathophysiology - CORRECT ANSWER-the study of the functional changes that occur in the body as a result of an injury, disorder, or disease. Pathology - CORRECT ANSWER-the study of changes in cells and tissues as a result of injury or disease. Physiology - CORRECT ANSWER-the mechanisms of human body functioning. Structure - CORRECT ANSWER-how the human body is put together including the component parts and location of these parts. Function - CORRECT ANSWER-concerned with how these component parts operate together. Disease - CORRECT ANSWER-the functional impairment of cells, tissues, organs, or organ systems Syndromes - CORRECT ANSWER-a specific condition with a recognizable, predictable pattern. Pathogenesis - CORRECT ANSWER-the origination and development at the point of disease onset. Literally, the disease beginning. Risk Factors - CORRECT ANSWER-vulnerabilities
Etiology - CORRECT ANSWER-precise cause of disease pathogen - CORRECT ANSWER-disease causing microorganism multifactorial - CORRECT ANSWER-sometimes the etiology is unknown or has more than one genetic and or/environmental causing events Idiopathic - CORRECT ANSWER-when there is no known etiology Nosocomial disease - CORRECT ANSWER-the result of exposure to infection in the health care environment Iatrogenic diseases - CORRECT ANSWER-those that are the inadvertent result of medical treatment. ex: UTI Clinical Manifestations - CORRECT ANSWER-the presenting signs and symptoms of the disease. signs - CORRECT ANSWER-observable or measurable expressions. symptoms - CORRECT ANSWER-indicators that are reported by the ill individual and are indicators that are "subjective" manifestations. precipitating factors - CORRECT ANSWER-or triggers that promote the onset of clinical manifestations. local - CORRECT ANSWER-refers to those manifestations that are found directly at the site of disease and are confined to that specific area. systemic - CORRECT ANSWER-manifestations present throughout the body and are not confined to one area. ex: fever
mortality - CORRECT ANSWER-death health - CORRECT ANSWER-defined as the perceived wholeness of body, mind, spirt, and illness illness - CORRECT ANSWER-a state that results in suffering or distress Homeostasis - CORRECT ANSWER-a dynamic balance in the body marked by the appropriate and effective response to stimuli, thereby keeping the body in a steady state. epidemiology - CORRECT ANSWER-the study of disease in populations Incidence - CORRECT ANSWER-the rate of occurrence of a disease at any given time. It represents the probability that a disease will occur in a certain population. Prevalence - CORRECT ANSWER-the number or percentage of a population that is affected by a particular disease at a given time. Endemic - CORRECT ANSWER-when the incidence and prevalence of a disease are predictable and stable epidemic - CORRECT ANSWER-a dramatic increase in disease incidence in a population. It also represents a rate considerably above the endemic class. pandemic - CORRECT ANSWER-when an epidemic spreads across continents primary prevention - CORRECT ANSWER-prohibits a disease condition from occurring. an example is wearing a bike helmet to prevent a head injury.
secondary prevention - CORRECT ANSWER-the early detection and treatment of disease through screening. An example is performing breast or testicular self-examination every month for early cancer detection. tertiary prevention - CORRECT ANSWER-rehabilitation of a patient after detection of disease. it focuses on preventing complications or progression of the condition. For example, applying physical therapy and occupational therapy interventions to improve gross and fine motor function after a stroke.