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Material Type: Lab; Professor: Staples; Class: Intro To Physiology; Subject: Biology; University: San Mateo County Community College District Office; Term: Spring 2009;
Typology: Lab Reports
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1.1. Lecture slides will be posted during the previous evening before lecture.Lecture slides will be posted during the previous evening before lecture. Print WISELY if you choose to printPrint WISELY if you choose to print (multiple pages/sheet, double(multiple pages/sheet, double--sided).sided). 2.2. PrePre--LabLab WriteupsWriteups:: Be sure to prepareBe sure to prepare beforebefore eacheach MondayMonday ’s labs (for’s labs (for WHOLE weekWHOLE week –– Mon. & Wed.!)!!Mon. & Wed.!)!!
4.4. Next week’s Labs:Next week’s Labs: PhysioExPhysioEx (#3), and Expt. 2. Also: Quiz #1!!!(#3), and Expt. 2. Also: Quiz #1!!!
1.1. Citing specific examples, compare and contrastCiting specific examples, compare and contrast positive and negativepositive and negative feedback loopsfeedback loops that control reflex pathways.that control reflex pathways. 2.2. Describe and diagramDescribe and diagram membrane structuremembrane structure. Explain some functions of at. Explain some functions of at leastleast 5 types of membrane components5 types of membrane components..
1.1. CompareCompare and contrast the various methods ofand contrast the various methods of passive (2) and active (3)passive (2) and active (3) membrane transportmembrane transport .. 22 2.2. Using diagrams, compare and contrast U iU iUsing diagrams, compare and contrast didi dd tt tt chemical (tonicity) and electricalchemical (tonicity) and electricalhh ii l (tl (t i it )i it ) dd ll t it i ll equilibriumequilibrium in cells. What are the uses of disequilibrium?in cells. What are the uses of disequilibrium? 3.3. Define and describeDefine and describe resting membrane potentialresting membrane potential. How is it maintained,. How is it maintained, and why is it important for cell function?and why is it important for cell function? 4.4. Describe and diagram howDescribe and diagram how sodium and potassiumsodium and potassium permeabilitiespermeabilities areare altered to establish resting membrane potentials, and to causealtered to establish resting membrane potentials, and to cause depolarizationsdepolarizations…………
Transporter Proteins:Transporter Proteins:
ChannelsChannels –– Open & GatedOpen & Gated
Figure 5-11: Gating of channel proteins
5.2) Body Fluid5.2) Body Fluid
CompartmentsCompartments
(ICF)(ICF)
(ECF)(ECF)
Figure 5-13 (2004): Body fluid compartments
A. Passive: FacilitatedA. Passive: Facilitated DiffusionDiffusion
Figure 5- 14: Diffusion stops at equilibrium
Facilitated DiffusionFacilitated Diffusion
Figure 5-15: Diffusion of glucose into cells
B. Primary Active Transport:B. Primary Active Transport:
Pumps ProductsPumps Products
move productsmove products
concentrationconcentration gradientgradient
Figure 5Figure 5--16: The Na16: The Na ++^ - - KK ++^ - -ATPaseATPase
Primary Active Transport:Primary Active Transport: ATPATP--Powered Protein PumpsPowered Protein Pumps
Figure 5Figure 5--17:17: Mechanism of theMechanism of the NaNa ++^ - - KK ++^ - -ATPaseATPase
D. Vesicles in Membrane TransportD. Vesicles in Membrane Transport
ENDOCYTOSISENDOCYTOSIS
E. Endocytosis & Exocytosis:E. Endocytosis & Exocytosis:
VacuoleTransportVacuoleTransport
Endocytosis & Exocytosis:Endocytosis & Exocytosis: Transport & Membrane CyclingTransport & Membrane Cycling
Figure 5Figure 5--24:24: ReceptorReceptor-- mediatedmediated endocytosisendocytosis and exocytosisand exocytosis
11 Cross two membranesCross two membranes
F. Transepithelial andF. Transepithelial and
TranscytosisTranscytosis
1 1. Cross two membranes. Cross two membranes
2.2.2.2. AbsorptionAbsorptionAbsorptionAbsorption : lumen to ECF: lumen to ECF: lumen to ECF: lumen to ECF
3.3. SecretionSecretion : ECF to: ECF to
lumen/surfacelumen/surface
weight is waterweight is water
Distribution of Water and SolutesDistribution of Water and Solutes in the Body Compartmentsin the Body Compartments
intracellularintracellular
extracellularextracellular
gender and agegender and age Figure 5Figure 5--28: Distribution of volume in the28: Distribution of volume in the body fluid compartmentsbody fluid compartments
5.4)5.4) OsmosisOsmosis & Osmotic& Osmotic
EquilibriumEquilibrium
a)a) IsosmoticIsosmotic (same)(same) b)b) HyperosmoticHyperosmotic (more)(more) c)c) HyposmoticHyposmotic (less)(less) (^) Figure 5-29: Osmosis and osmotic pressure
A.A. TonicityTonicity:: How a CellHow a Cell
ReactsReacts in a Solutionin a Solution
Tonicity: How a Cell ReactsTonicity: How a Cell Reacts
in a Solutionin a Solution
Figure 5-31c, d: Tonicity depends on the relative concentrations of nonpenetrating solutes
1.) Membrane Potentials:1.) Membrane Potentials:
PotassiumPotassium (major contributor!!)(major contributor!!)
Figure 5Figure 5--34: Potassium equilibrium potential34: Potassium equilibrium potential
Membrane Potentials:Membrane Potentials:
PotassiumPotassium
Figure 5-
2.)2.) Membrane PotentialsMembrane Potentials:: SodiumSodium
Figure 5Figure 5--35: Sodium equilibrium potential35: Sodium equilibrium potential
Figure 5-
8.1) Organization of the8.1) Organization of the
Nervous SystemNervous System
a)a) BrainBrain b)b) Spinal CordSpinal Cord
a)a) Afferent (sensory) nervesAfferent (sensory) nerves -- APNSAPNS b)b) Efferent (response) nerves)) Efferent (response) nerves -(( )) - EPNSEPNS 1.1. Autonomic Neurons (visceral system)Autonomic Neurons (visceral system) a)a) SympatheticSympathetic –– “Fight or Flight”“Fight or Flight” b)b) ParasympatheticParasympathetic –– “Rest and Digest”“Rest and Digest”
Organization of the Nervous SystemOrganization of the Nervous System
EPNSEPNS
Figure 8-1: Organization of the nervous system