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Basic information on health and fitness. It covers topics such as metabolic rate, exercise intensity, oxygen-rich blood supply, energy systems, dehydration, and heart rate. The document also defines terms such as ATP and VO2max. The information presented is useful for individuals who want to improve their fitness levels and understand the science behind it.
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Olympic-caliber athletes may be able to increase their metabolic rate by 2000%. Regular physical activity is linked to all of the following EXCEPT lower endorphin levels. In addition to pulse counting, one may also monitor exercise intensity by using ratings of perceived exertion. ___________ supply oxygen-rich blood to the heart. Coronary arteries Fat is utilized as a fuel more efficiently during periods of prolonged exercise. The two upper chambers of the heart in which blood collects before passing it to the lower chambers are called atria. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is defined as the basic form of energy used by cells. Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) is the best measure of the capacity of the cardiorespiratory system. The nonoxidative energy system typically provides energy for 10–120 seconds. The small blood vessels that connect the arteries and veins and distribute blood to all parts of the body are the capillaries. Excess loss of body fluid is called dehydration. The largest artery in the body is the aorta. During digestion, most carbohydrates are broken down into glucose. During systole, the heart is contracting. An appropriate exercise heart rate for an average individual is ________ of maximum heart rate. 75%
Recommended treatment of minor soft tissue injuries such as bruisesincludes all of the following EXCEPT massage. Alveoli serve what function in the lungs? They allow for the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen. If heat loss exceeds the body's ability to warm itself, ________ can result. hypothermia Systemic circulation carries blood to all organs of the body EXCEPT the lungs. As the result of regular endurance exercise, resting heart rate is often 10–20 beats per minute lower. During the initial phase of an exercise program, a beginner should exercise at the low end of the target heart rate range. The oxidative energy system produces ATP in structures called mitochondria. Appropriate cardiorespiratory endurance exercise includes all of the following EXCEPT push-ups. To obtain a good endurance workout and boost cardiorespiratory fitness during low to moderate intensity activities such as walking or swimming slowly, the heart rate should be kept in the lower end of the target zone for 45 minutes, three times per week. The portion of the circulation controlled by the right side of the heart is the ________ circulation. pulmonary The storage form of carbohydrate in the liver, muscles, and kidney is glycogen. An example of an activity that primarily uses the immediate energy system is weight lifting. Which of the following is NOT a component of the cardiorespiratory system? the brain Which of the following requires immediate medical attention? heat stroke A typical resting heart rate for a normal individual is around 60bpm.