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Introduction to Biology
The volume between two adjacent numbers on a 5 ml pipette is equal to how many milliliters? 1 Volumes in graduated cylinders and pipettes are always measured at what part of the meniscus? bottom The volume between two adjacent numbers on a 1 ml pipette is equal to how many milliliters?
Spirogyra is an example of a(an): alga If a microscopic field measures 1000 microns and 2 cells that are equal in length extend half way across the field, what is the length of 1 cell in microns? 250 Paramecium is an example of a(an): one-celled animal In caring for a microscope, it is important to: carry it with 2 hands What item is used in this exercise to measure the microscopic field? plastic ruler If the objective lens has a magnification of 40x and the ocular lens 15x, the total magnification is equal to 600x What is another name for a human red blood cell? erythrocyte The eyepiece on a microscope houses a ocular lens If the slope value is 0.2, how much change in the Y variable will there be for every unit increase in the X variable?
Inferential tests: may apply to populations outside the study group A regression line essentially represents: an averaging of the Y data along the X axis.
Descriptive statistics: analyzes data about a particular group of observations etc... A population in statistical terms: is any group of subjects Deviation is: the distance of any measurement from the mean Research can be generally defined as gathering and analyzing data with the intention of adding to current knowledge Sloping the machine: sets the point of 0 % Transmission If a sample shows a high O.D. reading, the % Transmission will probably be: low Peak absorbance of a compound is the wavelength of light that: is most readily absorbed The larger the mass of a molecule the slower it moves Molecules move the most freely in gases Diffusion is a process where particles move from high to low concentration Brownian movement occurs as a result of water molecules colliding with small particles After diffusion has reached equilibrium, movement of molecules continues Osmosis is the passage of a fluid or solvent througha semipermeable membrane In dialysis: dissolved substances pass through a semi permeable membrane What material is used to demonstrate the diffusion of a gas NH4OH The quantity of enzyme at the beginning and end of a reaction is: does not change Enzymes react with a molecule called: substrate
If the frequency of the recessive allele is .3, what is the recessive phenotype frequency (assuming population at genetic equilibrium)? . A probability value of 0.05 means that there is a 5% (or less) probability of the null hypothesis (that the deviations are due to chance alone). If there are 3 possible outcomes in a study, how many degrees of freedom are there? 2 Using a compound light microscope, individual chromosomes can be seen only when cells are dividing When using the scientific method, what do scientists do immediately after observing and wondering about the cause of some unexplained phenomenon? check the scientific journals to see what is already known about the phenomenon. literature survey Data analysis is part of testing hypothesis an experiment In spite of the chemical variation of the cell walls among Eukaryotes, the function is the same. What is the function? to prevent the cell from rupturing What organelle is generally most noticeable when viewing Eukaryotic cells under a microscope? nucleus A structure known as a mastax is found in Rotifera Amoeba move by means of pseudopodia How do scientists communicate the results of their experiments to other scientists? publishing reports in scientific journals giving lecture presentations at scientific meetings What happens during data analysis? comparison of measurements see if experimental group data is different from control group data If the data from an experiment is consistent with the hypothesis the hypothesis may be true the data supports the hypothesis
If the data from a thorough experiment shows that the experimental group behaved the same as the control group the hypothesis is discarded the hypothesis is false If an experiment is repeated several times and the results are inconsistent it's a sign that there may be confounding factors we can't tell if data supports the hypothesis or not Why do objects weigh less when submerged in water? the weight of the displaced water opposes (and reduces) the objects' gravitational force they displace water when submerged If the reading of a 5 ml pipette is 1.0 ml, the volume in the pipette is ___________ 4.0 ml If the reading of a 5 ml pipette is 3.0 ml, the volume in the pipette is ___________ 2.0 ml If the reading of a 5 ml pipette is 4.0 ml, the volume in the pipette is ___________ 1.0 ml The purpose of looking at the slide of the letter E is: to practice focusing the microscope to determine how the lenses change the appearance of specimens The term array as used in Lab 5 refers to: a group of measurements listed in a column from highest to lowest In a normal curve, what percent of the data can be found within +/- 1 standard deviation of the mean? 68.3% What is the median of the following array? {9, 7, 6, 4, 4, 2} 5 What is the median of the following array? {15, 4, 2, 2} 3 What is the deviation for the mode in this array? {78, 67, 55, 40, 40}, mean = 56
The blank cuvette is just like a sample cuvette except it contains no solutes On the spectrophotometer, the “% Transmission” scale is a measure of how much light passed through the sample What must be done every time the spectrophotometer is set to a new wavelength? slope the machine
Tracheids: join to form xylem The plant to be used to measure transpiration in this exercise is: ivy Blood is returned to the heart of a fish from the tail fin through a vessel known as the: posterior vena cava The tracheophytes are commonly known as: vascular plants Diffusion is a(an): slow process Transport systems beyond simple mechanisms such as cyclosis are needed by: large multicellular organisms Term that refers to when an enzyme is irreversibly damaged denature In the experiment examining the effect of temp. on enzyme activity: saliva contains the enzyme starch is the substrate How is the digestive tract of Rotifera different from that of Hydra? more complex than hydra has more openings than hydra When chlorophyll extract in a test tube is exposed to light, it will: emit red light use light energy to excite electrons Why was a heat shield used for study of light intensity vs. rate of photosynthesis? heat affects enzyme activity Elodea is a water plant and is not used to warm temperatures to reduce confounding factors How do organisms in the Subphylum Sarcodina move? pseudopodia How do animal cells move in a watery environment? cilia flagella How do animal cells stick to each other? glycocalyces Blood is returned to the heart of a fish from the tail through a vessel known as the
renal portal vein posterior vena cava renal vein What is the purpose of the vaseline in the transpiration experiment? block stomata reduce transpiration The openings through which gases enter and leave the leaves of plants are called: stomata In vascular plants, water and minerals are transported through: xylem The tracheophytes are commonly known as vascular plants Tracheids join to form xylem Transport systems are needed by: trees large animals The delivery of nutrients and the elimination of wastes are imporant to: cells deep within an organism cells making up the surface of an organism nerve cells Diffusion is a/an: slow process imporant process in delivering materials to cells important process in removing materials from cells How does a Paramecium accomplish respiration? CO2 diffuses outward through cell membrane O2 diffuses inward through cell membrane Why was a heat shield used for study of light intensity vs. rate of photosynthesis? heat affects enzyme activity Elodea is a water plant and is not used to warm temperatures to reduce confounding factors
