Botany NAME___________________________
Directions: Please print your name legibly on this exam and on your Scantron form. Turn in
both this exam and your Scantron form when you are finished.
Multiple Choice (50 points). Choose the best correct answer for each question. Circle your
answer on the exam and fill in the corresponding letter on the blue side (has a #1 in the upper
right corner) of the Scantron form with a #2 pencil.
1. Crop improvement requires the introduction of a new gene or genes into the crop species.
A. True B. False
2. Hybridization as a crop improvement technology has the drawback of tending to promote
inbreeding depression within the target crop species.
A. True B. False
3. The technique of backcrossing was a significant improvement to hybridization technology
because it allows for the introgression of a single desirable genetic trait (gene) from the
donor parent species to the target crop species.
A. True B. False
4. The development of protoplast fusion technology has allowed plant biologists to transfer
genes from any type of organism into plants.
A. True B. False
5. A vegetarian entrepreneur seeking to develop a veggie burger that is indistinguishable from
a traditional hamburger has identified and cloned the single cow gene responsible for the
traditional hamburger taste. Which of the following techniques would be most appropriate
to transfer this cow gene into peanut plants intended for the veggie burger market?
A. Mass selection B. Backcrossing C. Protoplast fusion
D. Agrobacterium E. None of these techniques could work
6. The attorney general of the United States, a tree-hugger and ultra-conservative
Republican, has decided that it is unethical and immoral to move genes between species
that cannot naturally reproduce. Legislation is passed banning all research and technology
designed to breech natural reproductive barriers. Which of the following crop improvement
technologies would be allowed under this new law?
A. Gene gun B. Backcrossing C. Embryo rescue
D. Protoplast fusion E. None of these techniques would be legal
7. A scientist is studying a unique evergreen plant that produces compound leaves every year
as Spring turns into Summer, but produces simple leaves as Fall turns into Winter. Which
of the following molecules is likely to play a role in this growth response?
A. auxin B. cytokinin C. chlorophyll D. phytochrome E. gibberellin
8. Recently, it has been discovered that parthenocarpic (seedless) fruit can be produced on
plants by simply restricting their exposure to sunlight to less than 10 hours per day. If this
response is related to photoperiodism, what can be inferred about this phenomenon?
A. Plants containing high levels of far red light develop fruit with seeds.
B. Long days inhibit seed development in fruit
C. Pr promotes parthenocarpy
D. Pfr promotes seed development and inhibits parthenocarpy.
E. All of these are legitimate inferences based on what is known about photoperiodism.
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