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Intro to Pharm study sheet, Exams of Pharmacology

Adrenergic drug study guide, covers nomenclature, uses, mode of action, side effects, and contraindications

Typology: Exams

2019/2020

Uploaded on 04/29/2020

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Drug Classification Main Effect Drugs Clinical Indications Additional Info Adverse Effects
Sympathomimetics (agonists)
-adrenergicadrenergic
(-adrenergic1 receptors)
-adrenergic1: smooth muscle
contraction(vasoconstriction)
increased BP
-2: negative feedback to decrease
release of NE
NE, EPI,
metaraminol,
phenylephrine
Raise BP in hypotensive
states, nasal/eye
decongestant
NE prototype
IV admin/short acting
GI/urinary inhibition
IV (skin infiltration)
Hypertensive crisis,
cerebral hemorrhage,
cardiac arrhythmias,
nasal/eye dryness
Nonselective
-adrenergic1 & -adrenergic2
adrenergic
-adrenergic1: cardiac stimulation;
increased HR, force of
contraction
-adrenergic2: smooth muscle relaxation;
bronchodilation, uterine,
increased blood flow to
heart/skeletal muscle
Dopamine,
Ephedrine,
Isoproterenol
EPI ( & )
Circulatory shock
bronchodilator,
anaphylaxis
Cardiac arrest, asthma,
vasoconstriction
(surgery)
Restlessness, tremors,
anxiety
Older -adrenergic cardiac
arrhythmias
-adrenergic2: lower BP, at high
dosages-adrenergic overstim. of
heart (-adrenergic1)
Selective -adrenergic2
adrenergic see above (-adrenergic2)
Albuterol,
formoterol,
salmeterol,
terbutaline
Bronchodilator
Sympatholytics (antagonists)
-adrenergic1 adrenergic
blockers
Smooth muscle relaxation
(vasodilation), decreased BP
Doxazosin,
prazosin,
tamsulosin,
terazosin
Hypertension,
prostatic hyperplasia,
Raynaud’s disease
Raynaud’s disease
Compensatory reflex
tachycardia,
orthostatic
hypotension, fainting
Nonselective
-adrenergic1 & -adrenergic2
adrenergic blockers
-adrenergic1: decreased HR, force of
contraction
-adrenergic2 smooth muscle contract(NT)
Nadolol, pindolol,
propranolol,
timolol
Chronic heart failure,
hypertension, angina
pectoralis
Nausea, diarrhea
Bradycardia,
congestive heart
failure, cardiac arrest
Drowsiness, CNS
disturbances
Selective
-adrenergic1 adrenergic
blockers
-adrenergic1: decreased HR, force of
contraction
Atenolol,
acebutolol,
esmolol,
metoprolol
Hypertension,
tachycardia, cardiac
arrhythmias, angina
pectoralis
Adrenergic neuronal
blockers
Decrease sympathetic activity,
lowers BP & cardiac function Methyldopa

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Drug Classification Main Effect Drugs Clinical Indications Additional Info Adverse Effects Sympathomimetics (agonists) -adrenergicadrenergic (-adrenergic1 receptors) -adrenergic1: smooth muscle contraction(vasoconstriction) increased BP  -2: negative feedback to decrease release of NE

NE, EPI,

metaraminol, phenylephrine Raise BP in hypotensive states, nasal/eye decongestant NE prototype IV admin/short acting GI/urinary inhibition  IV (skin infiltration) Hypertensive crisis, cerebral hemorrhage, cardiac arrhythmias, nasal/eye dryness Nonselective -adrenergic1 & -adrenergic adrenergic -adrenergic1: cardiac stimulation; increased HR, force of contraction -adrenergic2: smooth muscle relaxation; bronchodilation, uterine, increased blood flow to heart/skeletal muscle Dopamine, Ephedrine, Isoproterenol EPI ( & ) Circulatory shock bronchodilator, anaphylaxis Cardiac arrest, asthma, vasoconstriction (surgery) Restlessness, tremors, anxiety Older -adrenergic cardiac arrhythmias -adrenergic2: lower BP, at high dosages-adrenergic overstim. of heart (-adrenergic1) Selective -adrenergic adrenergic see above (-adrenergic2) Albuterol, formoterol, salmeterol, terbutaline Bronchodilator Sympatholytics (antagonists) -adrenergic1 adrenergic blockers Smooth muscle relaxation (vasodilation), decreased BP Doxazosin, prazosin, tamsulosin, terazosin Hypertension, prostatic hyperplasia, Raynaud’s disease Raynaud’s disease Compensatory reflex tachycardia, orthostatic hypotension, fainting Nonselective -adrenergic1 & -adrenergic adrenergic blockers -adrenergic1: decreased HR, force of contraction -adrenergic2 smooth muscle contract(NT) Nadolol, pindolol, propranolol, timolol Chronic heart failure, hypertension, angina pectoralis Nausea, diarrhea Bradycardia, congestive heart failure, cardiac arrest Drowsiness, CNS disturbances Selective -adrenergic1 adrenergic blockers -adrenergic1: decreased HR, force of contraction Atenolol, acebutolol, esmolol, metoprolol Hypertension, tachycardia, cardiac arrhythmias, angina pectoralis Adrenergic neuronal blockers Decrease sympathetic activity, lowers BP & cardiac function Methyldopa