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Intro to Astronomy Exam 2 questions with answers, Exams of Astronomy

University of Houston – Downtown (UHD)Astronomy

Intro to Astronomy Exam 2 questions with answers

Typology: Exams

2019/2020

Uploaded on 05/14/2020

trand007
trand007 🇺🇸

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EXAM II
Physics 1302- Stars and Galaxies
Spring 2020
1. Granulation on the “surface” of the sun is caused by
a. sunspots.
b. convection, as hot gas rises and cooler gas falls.
c. shock waves in the corona.
d. the solar wind flowing away from the corona.
e. heating in the chromosphere.
2. The source of the Sun’s energy is
a. nuclear fission.
b. nuclear fusion.
c. convection.
d. conduction.
e. radiation.
3. We use stellar parallax to measure a star’s
a. size.
b. distance.
c. temperature.
d. radial velocity.
e. brightness.
4. The angle of stellar parallax for a star is larger if the __________ is larger.
a. distance to the star
b. size of the star
c. size of the telescope
d. length of the baseline
e. wavelength of light
5. A star’s proper motion is its
a. true motion in space.
b. apparent shift as we view from opposite sides of Earth’s orbit every six months.
c. annual apparent motion across the sky.
d. motion towards or away from us, revealed by Doppler shifts.
e. orbital motion around the Galaxy
6. A star’s apparent magnitude is a measure of its
a. distance.
b. temperature.
c. brightness in our sky.
d. absolute luminosity.
e. radial velocity.
7. We can calculate a star’s luminosity based on the
a. apparent brightness (flux)
b. doppler shift of spectral lines
c. color of the star
d. distance to the star
e. a and d
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EXAM II Physics 1302- Stars and Galaxies Spring 2020

  1. Granulation on the “surface” of the sun is caused by a. sunspots. b. convection, as hot gas rises and cooler gas falls. c. shock waves in the corona. d. the solar wind flowing away from the corona. e. heating in the chromosphere.
  2. The source of the Sun’s energy is a. nuclear fission. b. nuclear fusion. c. convection. d. conduction. e. radiation.
  3. We use stellar parallax to measure a star’s a. size. b. distance. c. temperature. d. radial velocity. e. brightness.
  4. The angle of stellar parallax for a star is larger if the __________ is larger. a. distance to the star b. size of the star c. size of the telescope d. length of the baseline e. wavelength of light
  5. A star’s proper motion is its a. true motion in space. b. apparent shift as we view from opposite sides of Earth’s orbit every six months. c. annual apparent motion across the sky. d. motion towards or away from us, revealed by Doppler shifts. e. orbital motion around the Galaxy
  6. A star’s apparent magnitude is a measure of its a. distance. b. temperature. c. brightness in our sky. d. absolute luminosity. e. radial velocity.
  7. We can calculate a star’s luminosity based on the a. apparent brightness (flux) b. doppler shift of spectral lines c. color of the star d. distance to the star e. a and d
  1. We can estimate the surface temperature of a star using a. its color. b. the pattern of absorption lines in its spectrum. c. differences in brightness as measured through Red and Blue filters d. all of the above. e. none of the above.
  2. Our Sun belongs to which spectral classification type? a. O b. A c. F d. G e. M
  3. Astronomers estimate the size of most stars based on everything except a. apparent brightness. b. direct observation and measurement of a star’s disc. c. temperature. d. distance to the star. e. all of these are useful in estimating a star’s distance.
  4. Reflection nebulae are generally a. reddish, as the main emissions are due to hydrogen atoms. b. bluish, as we’re seeing mostly scattered light from another nebula not really in our line of sight. c. purple, as they have an even mixture of red and blue light. d. the same color as the nebula they are reflecting. e. of no color in particular.
  5. Which single most important characteristic determines how long a star will burn? a. density b. absolute brightness c. distance d. surface temperature e. mass
  6. Emission nebulae are generally a. reddish, as the main emissions are due to hydrogen atoms. b. bluish, as we’re seeing mostly scattered light from another nebula not really in our line of sight. c. purple, as they have an even mixture of red and blue light. d. the same color as the nebula they are reflecting. e. of no color in particular.
  7. In 2020, the sunspot cycle is a. at solar maximum, with the most sunspots on the Sun. b. approaching solar maximum, with more and more sunspots over time. c. winding down from solar maximum, with slightly fewer sunspots each day. d. just past solar minimum, with the fewest sunspots on the Sun. e. The Sun will cycle through all these phases in 2020, so it’s hard to say.

  1. What effect does dust have on visible light passing through it? a. It dims and reddens it. b. It completely blocks all visible light from passing through. c. All light is turned bluish in color. d. the light coming from stars appears to twinkle e. no effect; light just passes right through.

  2. Which of the following describes the shape of dust particles, based on polarization of light? a. diamonds b. cubes c. spheres d. disks e. rodlike

  3. The single most abundant element in the Sun is a. hydrogen b. helium c. lithium d. carbon e. oxygen

  4. Which is a correct list of layers of the Sun, from inside out? a. corona, chromosphere, photosphere, convective zone, radiative zone, core b. core, convective zone, radiative zone, photosphere, corona, chromosphere c. core, radiative zone, convective zone, chromosphere, corona, photosphere d. core, radiative zone, convective zone, photosphere, chromosphere, corona e. none of the above

  5. Sunspots appear dark because they are a. hotter than the rest of the Sun’s photosphere. b. cooler than the rest of the Sun’s photosphere. c. higher than the rest of the Sun’s photosphere. d. lower than the rest of the Sun’s photosphere. e. actual holes in the Sun’s surface.

  6. The two layers of the Sun that we see only during total solar eclipses are a. corona and photosphere. b. photosphere and chromosphere. c. chromosphere and corona. d. corona and core. e. none of the above

  7. On February 17, 2020, the Sun had a. multiple sunspots, evenly distributed across the Sun’s disk. b. a line of sunspots across the Sun’s equator. c. sunspots arranged in a circle. d. only a few sunspots, near the limb (edge) of the Sun’s disk. e. no sunspots that we could see.

  1. The Sun rotates a. in about 24 hours like Earth, in the same direction in which the planets orbit. b. in about 24 hours like Earth, in the opposite direction from the planets’ orbits. c. in just over 25 days (at its equator), in the same direction in which the planets orbit. d. in just over 25 days (at its equator), in the opposite direction from the planets’ orbits. e. none of the above; the Sun does not rotate.
  2. The time between successive sunspot maxima is about a. a month b. a year c. 11 years d. a century e. a millenium
  3. Compared to other stars, our Sun is a. one of the biggest. b. one of the smallest. c. one of the hottest. d. one of the coolest. e. average in every way.
  4. Sunspots occur where the Sun’s ________________ intersect the photosphere. a. neutrinos b. magnetic field lines c. convection cells d. charged particles e. none of the above
  5. Which of the following stars is the brightest in our night sky? a. Betelgeuse (magnitude 0.42) b. Canopus (magnitude -0.72) c. Sirius (magnitude -1.46) d. Procyon (magnitude 0.34) e. Vega (magnitude 0.03)
  6. The two forces in balance while a star is stable are a. gravity and internal pressure. b. gravity and inertia. c. gravity and the magnetic force (due to the magnetic field). d. gravity and centrifugal force. e. none; stars are stable because no forces are acting.
  7. The most common stars are a. red supergiants b. red main sequence stars (red dwarves) c. stars like our Sun d. blue giants e. white dwarves
  1. Procyon A is in which spectral class? a. O b. A c. F d. K e. M
  2. Proxima Centauri has a surface temperature of about a. 3000 K b. 6000 K c. 10000 K d. 30000 K e. 0.0001 K
  3. Deneb has a radius approximately a. 10,000 times the Sun’s radius b. 100 times the Sun’s radius c. 10 times the Sun’s radius d. equal to the Sun’s e. 0.1 times the Sun’s radius
  4. Choose the list of stars which is in the correct order, from largest to smallest radius. a. Deneb, Rigel, Antares, Sun, Procyon B, Barnard’s Star b. Rigel, Procyon B, Deneb, Sun, Antares, Barnard’s Star c. Antares, Deneb, Rigel, Sun, Barnard’s Star, Procyon B d. Procyon B, Barnard’s Star, Sun, Rigel, Deneb, Antares e. these are all about the same size.
  5. Choose the list of stars that is in order from hottest to coolest. a. Deneb, Rigel, Antares, Sun, Procyon B, Barnard’s Star. b. Rigel, Deneb, Procyon B, Sun, Antares, Barnard’s Star. c. Antares, Deneb, Rigel, Sun, Barnard’s Star, Procyon B. d. Barnard’s Star, Antares, Sun, Deneb, Procyon B, Rigel. e. these all have about the same temperature.
  6. Choose the list of stars which is in order of decreasing luminosity. a. Deneb, Rigel, Antares, Sun, Procyon B, Proxima Centauri b. Rigel, Procyon B, Deneb, Sun, Antares, Proxima Centauri c. Antares, Deneb, Rigel, Sun, Proxima Centuauri, Procyon B d. Proxima Centauri, Procyon B, Sun, Antares, Rigel, Deneb e. these are all about equally luminous.
  7. An example of a star over 10 times the radius of our Sun is a. Vega. b. Altair. c. Sirius. d. Capella. e. Proxima Centauri.
  1. According to the inverse-square law, a star 5 times farther away appears a. as bright as the closer star b. 5 times dimmer c. 10 times dimmer d. 25 times dimmer e. 25 times brighter
  2. Because sunspots are magnetic, a. they attract one another across the Sun’s surface b. they repel one another c. they always occur in pairs, since magnets have two poles d. they never occur in pairs, as they would attract one another and merge e. metal spacecraft are drawn to these regions of the Sun.
  3. Sirius outshines the red supergiant Betelgeuse in our sky because a. Sirius is bigger than Betelgeuse. b. Sirius is more luminous than Betelgeuse. c. Sirius is cooler than Betelgeuse. d. Sirius is much closer to us than Betelgeuse. e. none of the above; Betelgeuse in fact outshines Sirius in our sky.
  4. Rigel appears as a bright bluish star, while Betelgeuse appears as a bright reddish star. Rigel is ______ Betelgeuse. a. cooler than b. as hot as c. older than d. hotter than e. more massive than
  5. The dark swath across the center of Figure 2 indicates a. a gap in our Milky Way, where there are no stars. b. lanes of gas and dust which block the light from that part of the galaxy. c. a string of black holes across the galaxy. d. sections of the Milky Way not visible to the telescope that made the image. e. an illusion created by the camera’s perspective.
  6. The dimming of starlight as it passes through dust is called. a. emission b. absorption c. diffusion d. reduction e. extinction
  7. When we look at the Sun through a solar telescope, we see the a. corona. b. chromosphere. c. photosphere. d. solar wind. e. core.
  • Figure
  • Figure