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Unique Characteristics of Dicots, Monocots, Root Functions, and Plant Structures, Exams of Biology

Southwestern Illinois CollegeBiology

Various characteristics that distinguish dicots from monocots, the functions of roots, and plant structures such as stems, axillary buds, and tendrils. It also discusses different types of plant cells, water transport in plants, and plant hormones.

Typology: Exams

Pre 2010

Uploaded on 12/14/2009

cflanigan
cflanigan 🇺🇸

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1) Of the following characteristics, which is not typical of a dicot?
A) 2 Cotyledons
B) Vascular Bundles In A Complex Arrangement
C) Taproot System
D) Branched Veins
E) Flower Parts In Multiples of 4 or 5
2) Of the following characteristics, which is not typical of monocots?
A) 1 Cotyledon
B) Parallel Veins
C) Flower Parts In Multiples of 3
D) Vascular Bundles In A Ring
E) Fibrous Roots
3) Which of the following choices is not a primary function of a root?
A) Anchoring
B) Absorption and Transport of Water
C) Absorption and Transport of Minerals
D) Synthesis of Complex Carbohydrates
4) __________________ dramatically increase the surface area of a root.
5) This structure is above ground and supports the leaves and flowers of a plant.
A) Node
B) Root
C) Axillary Bud
D) Stem
6) The __________ is the point where leaves attach to the stem.
7) The terminal bud is located at the tip of the stem and promotes growth in length.
True False
8) The axillary bud is located in the angle between the leaf and stem and promotes growth in
length.
True False
9) A ______________ is a specialized (modified) stem or leaf with a threadlike shape that is used
by climbing plants for support and attachment, generally by twining around whatever it
touches.
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Download Unique Characteristics of Dicots, Monocots, Root Functions, and Plant Structures and more Exams Biology in PDF only on Docsity!

  1. Of the following characteristics, which is not typical of a dicot? A) 2 Cotyledons B) Vascular Bundles In A Complex Arrangement C) Taproot System D) Branched Veins E) Flower Parts In Multiples of 4 or 5

  2. Of the following characteristics, which is not typical of monocots? A) 1 Cotyledon B) Parallel Veins C) Flower Parts In Multiples of 3 D) Vascular Bundles In A Ring E) Fibrous Roots

  3. Which of the following choices is not a primary function of a root? A) Anchoring B) Absorption and Transport of Water C) Absorption and Transport of Minerals D) Synthesis of Complex Carbohydrates

  4. __________________ dramatically increase the surface area of a root.

  5. This structure is above ground and supports the leaves and flowers of a plant. A) Node B) Root C) Axillary Bud D) Stem

  6. The __________ is the point where leaves attach to the stem.

  7. The terminal bud is located at the tip of the stem and promotes growth in length.

True False

  1. The axillary bud is located in the angle between the leaf and stem and promotes growth in length.

True False

  1. A ______________ is a specialized (modified) stem or leaf with a threadlike shape that is used by climbing plants for support and attachment, generally by twining around whatever it touches.

  1. This is an above-ground horizontal stem (also called a runner). They reproduce new plants along the structure by asexual reproduction. A) Tendril B) Tuber C) Rhizome D) Stolon

  2. This is an underground horizontal stem. They reproduce new plants along the structure by asexual reproduction. A) Stolon B) Tuber C) Rhizome D) Tendril

  3. A ______________ is an enlarged end of a rhizome. An example of this is a potato.

  4. One example of the modification of a root is root storage. Carrots, beets and turnips are all examples of _________________________.

  5. Match the characteristics with the correct type of plant cell.

______ Parenchyma Cells ______ Collenchyma Cells ______ Sclerenchyma Cells

A) Unevenly thickened primary walls, provide flexible support in growing regions. B) Thick secondary cell walls with lignin (usually dead) C) Most abundant, perform most metabolic functions, only primary cell walls.

  1. Tracheids and vessel elements are both types of water-conducting cells present in angiosperms.

True False

  1. Sieve-tube members are water-conducting cells.

True False

  1. The two types of vascular tissues in plants are ___________ and ___________.

  2. The ____________ tissue system of a plant is the outer protective covering.

  1. Adhesion is the sticking-together of similar molecules – also known as intermolecular forces.

True False

  1. In the transpiration-cohesion tension mechanism, cohesion prevents water from going back down the xylem.

True False

  1. This is a solution of water and minerals that exists in plants. A) Phloem Sap B) Root Sap C) Xylem Sap D) Rhizome Sap

  2. __________________ results from when endodermal cells pump ions into the xylem by active transport which results in water following by osmosis.

  3. Which is not a factor that is determinant in activating the K+^ pumps that lead to a stoma opening?

A) Circadian Rhythms B) Light Hitting Chloroplasts In Guard Cells C) Rate of Photosynthesis in Leaves D) Drop in Carbon Dioxide in the Leaf

  1. When the K+^ pump is open, guard cells fill with water as a result of osmosis and the cells become turgid and bowed outward opening the stomata.

True False

  1. Most of the sugars in a plant are made by the leaves as a result of photosynthesis.

True False

  1. _____________________ is a mixture of water and sucrose (sometimes minerals and hormones).

  2. Explain the pressure flow mechanism by which plants transport sugar.

  1. Plants bend towards light as a result of the action of what chemical, which is located in the tip of the plant? A) Cytokinin B) Gibberellin C) Auxin D) Ethylene

  2. Explain why plants bend towards light.

  3. This scientist confirmed that plants bend towards light as a result of a chemical signal. A) Francis Darwin B) Ernest Sesame C) Fritz Went D) Peter Boysen-Jensen

  4. This scientist identified the particular chemical responsible for the reaction of a plant bending towards light. A) Peter-Boysen Jensen B) Charles Darwin C) Fritz Went D) Bertram Sesame

  5. _________________ are chemical messengers. They can be proteins, peptides, amino acid derivatives or lipids. They can also be alcohol-like.

  6. Charles and Frances Darwin discovered that light is detected at the tip of the plant and the signal is somehow transmitted from the tip to the growth region.

True False

  1. _____________ is when one molecule of a hormone results in the synthesis of hundreds or thousands of an enzyme.

  2. The intercellular-spaces in the connective tissue of animals are filled with _____________.

  1. Which of the following best outlines the effect of Auxin on cells in a plant? A) H+ is pumped into cell wall.  pH is lowered.  Low pH activates an enzyme.  Enzyme breaks down cellulose binding structures.  Cell elongates as water goes in. B) H+ is pumped into cell wall.  pH is raised.  High pH activates an enzyme.  Enzyme breaks down cellulose binding structures.  Cell elongates as water goes in. C) K+ is pumped into cell wall.  pH is lowered.  Low pH activates an enzyme.  Enzyme breaks down cellulose binding structures.  Cell elongates as water goes in. D) Na+ is pumped into cell wall.  pH is lowered.  Low pH activates an enzyme.  Enzyme breaks down cellulose binding structures.  Cell elongates as water goes in.

  2. Different levels of the same hormone in a plant can have drastically different effects on the plant itself.

True False

  1. A ____________ is a group of cells with common functions.

  2. Which of the following is a primary tissue type in animals? A) Epithelial B) Muscle C) Connective D) Nervous E) All of the Above

  3. Match the following primary tissue types to their characteristics.

_____ Connective _____ Muscle _____ Nervous _____ Epithelial

A) No intercellular space, avascular (no direct blood supply), mitotic, basement membrane, forms membranes, derived from all three germ layers. B) Excitable, contractile, elastic, mesoderm derived. C) Neurons, generate and conduct impulses, ectoderm derived. D) Intercellular spaces, matrix, ground substance, protein fibers (collagen and elastin), mesoderm derived.

  1. These are bundles of neuron extensions. A) Axocords B) Ganglion C) Nerves D) Dorsoventral Cell Bodies

  1. These are a collection of cell bodies. A) Nerves B) Ganglion C) Axons D) Notochords

  2. The ___________________________________ is the voltage across the membrane of a cell when the cell is at rest.

  3. K+^ ion concentrations are higher outside of the cell.

True False

  1. Cells have a net negative charge on the inside.

True False

  1. A stimulus is excitatory if it opens Na+^ ion channels.

True False

  1. Explain nerve response to stimuli.

  2. Which of the following best describes how messages are sent across the synaptic cleft? A) Neurotransmitters bind to a Na+^ ion in the cleft and pass through open ion channels on the target cell. B) Neurotransmitters contained in vesicles fuse with plasma membrane and are released into the cleft and bind to receptors on the surface of the target cell. C) Neurotransmitters diffuse across the cleft and directly bind to receptors on the surface of the target cell. D) The target cell forms a protein with a receptor site especially for the neurotransmitter which is contained in a vesicle and sent across the synaptic cleft.