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inter-vlan communication, Study notes of Computer Networks

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What you will learn

  • How do you create VLANs and assign switch ports in this method?
  • What is the purpose of using Router on a Stick and Switched Virtual Interfaces (SVI) for inter-VLAN communication?
  • What are the different trunk encapsulation methods mentioned in the document, and which one does Cisco prefer?

Typology: Study notes

2018/2019

Uploaded on 08/23/2021

king-akash
king-akash 🇮🇳

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INTER-VLAN
Different VLAN Communication
Router On Stick Switch Virtual Interface(SVI)
Itd be Layer 2 Switch itd be Layer 3 Switch
Router-on-a-stick
In this method, unlike the legacy routing, one physical interface port is used
for routing the traffic between the network segments. The network
administrator doesn’t need to create separate VLAN interfaces
like fa0/1 to fa0/10.
Instead, all the interfaces from 1 to 10 are created with a single interface.
Layer 3 switch using Switched Virtual Interface (SVI)
Currently, this method of inter-VLAN routing that uses layer
3/multilayer switch and Switched Virtual Interfaces (SVI) is the most
preferred.
SVIs are created for VLANs exists on the switch which performs the same
function for the VLANs as that of a router.
Layer 3 switches are expensive, which are primarily suitable for large
organization networks.
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INTER-VLAN

Different VLAN Communication

Router On Stick Switch Virtual Interface(SVI)

It’d be Layer 2 Switch it’d be Layer 3 Switch

Router-on-a-stick

In this method, unlike the legacy routing, one physical interface port is used

for routing the traffic between the network segments. The network

administrator doesn’t need to create separate VLAN interfaces

like fa0/1 to fa0/10.

Instead, all the interfaces from 1 to 10 are created with a single interface.

Layer 3 switch using Switched Virtual Interface (SVI)

Currently, this method of inter-VLAN routing that uses layer 3/multilayer switch and Switched Virtual Interfaces (SVI) is the most preferred. SVIs are created for VLANs exists on the switch which performs the same function for the VLANs as that of a router. Layer 3 switches are expensive, which are primarily suitable for large organization networks.

WE WOULD MAKE LOGICALY SUB INTERFACE IN ROUTER SO WE HAVE TO GIVE ENCAPSULATION TRUNK ENCAPSULATION: 802.1Q ISL Open Standard Vendor Inter Switch Link Supports Upto 1-4094 VLAN Cisco Would Only Use ISL & no Other Vendor 4 Bytes It Supports 1-1005 VLAN 3 0 Bytes Address Consider a LAN with 4 PCs, 1 switch, and a router connected we have to configure two VLANs 10 and 20, with PC0 and PC1 on VLAN10, and PC2 and PC3 are on VLAN20.

  • IP Address of PC0 - 192.168.1 0. 2
  • IP Address of PC1 - 192.168.10.
  • IP Address of PC2 - 192.168.20.
  • IP Address of PC3 - 192.168.20.
  • The default gateway for VLAN10 - 192.168.1 0.
  • The default gateway for VLAN20 - 192.168.2 0.

for each of the VLANs. This will allow two sub networks to communicate using the single interface. Router(config)#int g0/ Router(config-if)#no shutdown !activating the interface Router(config-if)#int g0/0.1 !first sub interface for vlan 10 on g0/ Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1q 10 !configuring the sub interface to respond to traffic from vlan 10 Router(config-subif)#ip add 192.168.1 0 .1 255.255.255. !configuring the IP address of the sub interface g0/0. Router(config-subif)#exit !exiting from the sub interface Router(config)#int g0/0 !entering our physical router interface Router(config-if)#no shutdown !activating our physical interface Router(config-if)#int g0/0.2 !second sub interface for vlan 20 on g0/ Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1q 20 !configuring the sub interface to respond to traffic from vlan 20 Router(config-subif)#ip add 192.168.2 0 .1 255.255.255. !configuring the IP address of the sub interface g0/0. Router(config-subif)#exit Router(config)#do write !saving our running configurations into the start-up configuration file

From the configurations above, the interface g0/0 is subdivided into two sub interfaces: g0/0.10 for VLAN10 and g0/0.20 for VLAN20. Then, the two sub-interfaces are assigned IP addresses and serve as the trunk ports for carrying the traffic. Step 5 Test the inter-VLAN connectivity by trying to ping the different PCs. For instance, if we ping PC2 in VLAN20 from PC0 in VLAN10, it should be successful Router#sh ip interface brief Router#sh int g0/0.