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An in-depth exploration of sound waves, their characteristics, and the science of acoustics. Topics covered include the outer ear, sound vibrations, intensity and loudness, frequency and pitch, and quality or timbre of sound. The document also discusses the behavior of sound propagation, reflection, and absorption, as well as the importance of sound insulation in various settings.
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Sound is generated in the air when a surface is vibrated. The vibrating surface sets up waves of compression and rarefaction.
To understand it let us take example of tuning fork
Loudness of a sound corresponds to the degree of sensation depending upon the intensity of sound and sensitivity of ear drums. It may also happen that the same listener might give different judgments about the loudness of sound of the same intensity but of different frequencies as the response of the ear is found to vary with the frequency of vibration.
The audio range falls between 20 Hz and 20,000 Hz. This range is important because its frequencies can be detected by the human ear. A frequency is expressed in terms of Hz(Hertz) and it determines pitch of sound source. They can be categorized as: Low tones –sound of urban road traffic. Mild tones –sound of piano notes. High tones –sound of single tea kettle.
Quality or timbre of sound.
The quality of sound is that characteristics which enables us to distinguish between two notes of the same pitch and loudness played on two different instruments or produced by two different voices.
It is to be noted that it is that tonal quality which enables us to recognize a large number of different sounds.