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tThis document is the report for the implementation of Vlan using GNS3
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(Established under Karnataka Act No. 16 of 2013) 100-ft Ring Road, Bengaluru – 560 085, Karnataka, India
CONTENTS
Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN)
VLAN (Virtual Local Network) is a logically separate IP sub network which allows multiple IP networks and subnets to exist on the same-switched network.VLAN is a logical broadcast domain that can span multiple physical LAN segments. It is a modern way administrators configure switches into virtual local-area networks (VLANs) to improve network performance by separating large Layer 2 broadcast domains into smaller ones. By using VLAN, a network administrator will be able to group together stations by logical function, or by applications, without regard to physical location of the users. Each VLAN functions as a separate LAN and spans one or more switches. This allows host devices to behave as if they were on the same network segment. For traffic to move between VLANs, a layer 3 device (router) is required. VLAN has three major functions: i. Limits the size of broadcast domains ii. Improves network performance iii. Provides a level of security
1. Default VLAN : At the initial boot up of the switch, All switch ports become a member of the default VLAN, which makes them all part of the same broadcast domain. This allows any network device connected to any of the switch port to communicate with other devices on other switch ports.On Cisco switches the default VLAN is VLAN 1. VLAN 1 has all the features of any VLAN, except that you cannot rename or delete it.
proper switch management and control.
Security: Security isn't itself achieved by creating a VLAN; however, how you connect that VLAN to other subnets could allow you to filter/block access to that subnet. For instance if you have an office building that has 50 computers and 5 servers you could create a VLAN for the server and a VLAN for the computers. For computers to communicate with the servers you could use a firewall to route and filter that traffic. This would then allow you to apply IPS/IDS,ACLs,Etc. to the connection between the servers and computers.
Link Utilization: (Edit)I can't believe I left this out the first time. Brain fart I guess. Link utilization is another big reason to use VLANs. Spanning tree by function builds a single path through your layer 2 network to prevent loops (Oh, my!). If you have multiple redundant links to your aggregating devices then some of these links will go unused. To get around this you can build multiple STP topology with different VLANs. This is accomplished with Cisco Proprietary PVST, RPVST, or standards based MST. This allows you to have multiple STP typologies you can play with to utilize your previously unused links. In example if I had 50 desktops I could place 25 of them in VLAN 10, and 25 of them in VLAN
About GNS3 software
Graphical Network Simulator 3(shortened to GNS3) is a network software emulator first released in
Free software Open Source software No monthly or yearly license fees No limitation on number of devices supported (only limitation is your hardware: CPU and memory) Supports multiple switching options (ESW16 Etherswitch, IOU/IOL Layer 2 images, VIRL IOSvL2) Supports all VIRL images (IOSv, IOSvL2, IOS-XRv, CSR1000v, NX-OSv, ASAv) Supports multi vendor environments Can be run with or without hypervisors Supports both free and paid hypervisors (Virtualbox , VMware workstation, VMware player, ESXi, Fusion) Downloadable, free, pre-configured and optimized appliances available to simplify deployment
Native support for Linux without the need for need for additional virtualization software Software from multiple vendors freely available Large and active community (800,000+ members)
Cisco images need to be supplied by user (download from Cisco.com, or purchase VIRL license, or copy from physical device).Not a self contained package, but requires a local installation of software (GUI)
Algorithm :
Installing GNS3 software and required CISCO routers(eg:C3600,C7200 etc.) Configuring the switches and routers i.e defining the slots(eg:NM-1FE-TX, NM-16ESW etc.) Interfacing client PCs and server using fastethernets as shown in the diagram below
The configuration of devices used are done on Solar-PuTTY tool Assigning IP addresses to VPCS Adding the different VLANs to the VLAN database and trunk the connections to SW1 and SW while configuring router R Configuring SW1 and SW2 so that hosts (VPCS) are assigned to particular VLANs Start pinging from the hosts to check the working of VLAN.The hosts which belong to same VLAN gets pinged and other don’t (i.e hosts in VLAN 2 and VLAN 3 wont ping unless Inter-VLAN routing!!)
Use wireshark to capture the packets
A
Hosts belong to Same VLAN
Stop
ILLUSTRATIONS