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Download Understanding Hyperglycemic Crises: DKA vs. Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemia and more Quizzes Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
3 types of diabetes, but there are a total of
how many
1/2/gestational
TERM 2
multisystem disease classified as an
endocrine disease even though starts with
pancreas prob
DEFINITION 2
diabetes
TERM 3
2 causes of diabetes
DEFINITION 3
impaired insulin production, impaired insulin utilization
TERM 4
when people glucose level is affected by a
drug
DEFINITION 4
secondary diabetes
TERM 5
beta cell destruction, autoimmune, idiopathic
DEFINITION 5
type 1
in type 1 diabetes, we lack what to response
to an increase glucose
lack beta cells
TERM 7
insulin resistance, insulin deficieny, secretory
defect
DEFINITION 7
type 2 diabetes
TERM 8
secretory defect is what
DEFINITION 8
some drugs stimulate secretion of insulin
TERM 9
problem of glucose metabolism related to
what
DEFINITION 9
supply of insulin or poor utilization of insulin
TERM 10
4 etiology of diabetes
DEFINITION 10
geneticautoimmuneviralenvironmental
drug induced hyperglycemia can happen from
what kind of drugs
diabetogenic drugs like steriods, thiazides, calcineurin
inhibitors
TERM 17
infections can cause hyperglycemia why
DEFINITION 17
bc viruses often destroy beta cells
TERM 18
endocrinopathies that associated with
hyperglycemia include
DEFINITION 18
acromegaly- growth hormone counters insulincushings
disease
TERM 19
insulin is produced by what and
where
DEFINITION 19
by beta cells in iselets of langerhams of pancreas
TERM 20
2% of pancreas has
what
DEFINITION 20
beta cells
what maintains homeostasis of blod glucese
levels
release of insulin
TERM 22
release of insulin occur
DEFINITION 22
continuous, pulsatile, into blood stream
TERM 23
average adult secretes how much insulin into
liver
DEFINITION 23
40-50 units
TERM 24
low levels of insulin are secreted during what
(basal)
DEFINITION 24
fasting
TERM 25
increase in insulin released with what
(prandial)
DEFINITION 25
food consumption
3 symptoms of
hyperglycemia
polyuriapolydispiapolyphagia
TERM 32
increased urine
DEFINITION 32
polyuria
TERM 33
increased drinking
DEFINITION 33
polydispia
TERM 34
constant hunger
DEFINITION 34
polyphagia
TERM 35
rise of insulin after eating stimulates
what
DEFINITION 35
storage of glucose as glycogen in liver
fall of insulin facilitates release of what 3
stored glucose from liverprotein from musclefat from adipose
tissue
TERM 37
insulin promotes what from bloodstream
across cell membrane to cytoplasm of cells
DEFINITION 37
glucose transport
TERM 38
normally- glucose in blood stimulates
production of what
DEFINITION 38
insulin in beta cells
TERM 39
beta cells meausre what
DEFINITION 39
blood glucose levels constantly and deliver the required
amount of insulin to funnel glucose into cells
TERM 40
keep blood sugar in the normal range
DEFINITION 40
beta cells
when no insulin to funnel glucose into body
cells or funnel malfxn what happens
cells get no fuel and starve so very hungry so can have
weight loss
TERM 47
when funnel doesnt work, glucose that
shouldbe fuelling cells goes out in urine, what
hpn
DEFINITION 47
cells cannot produce energy so patients feel weak and tired
TERM 48
what can occur in people whose bodies
produce no insulin bc theres no fuel to enter
cells
DEFINITION 48
weight loss
TERM 49
also works to keep fuels inside cells
DEFINITION 49
insulin
TERM 50
when insulin is low what happens
DEFINITION 50
body breaks down the fiels and rapid weight loss occurs
breakdown of fat cells form what
fatty acids which pass through liver and make ketones
TERM 52
ketones that are excreted in urine
are
DEFINITION 52
ketonuria
TERM 53
sugar in urine
DEFINITION 53
glycosuria
TERM 54
glucose cant be passed out of body alone, so
sugar sucks up water so flow from body
resultin
DEFINITION 54
polyuria
TERM 55
3 acute complications of diabetes
DEFINITION 55
diabetic ketoacidosishyperglycemia hyperosmular
statehypoglycemia
5 symptoms of
DKA
profound def of
insulinhyperglycemiaketosisacidosisdehydration
TERM 62
causes of DKA 4
DEFINITION 62
infectioninadeq insulinundiagnosised type 1poor insulin
management
TERM 63
what can result from DKA due to hypovolemia
shock
DEFINITION 63
renal failure bc acidosis worsens, comatose, dehydration
TERM 64
lab findings of DKA- glucose, ph,
hco
DEFINITION 64
glucose >250ph< 7.35hco3 <
TERM 65
DKA- you are dehydrated you have what 3
DEFINITION 65
poor skin turgortarhycardiaorthostatis hypotension
when you have DKA, you have what bc
compensating for metabolic acidosis
kussmaul respiratoions to try and blow off some acid
TERM 67
metabolic acidosis develops due to lack of
insulin resulting in what
DEFINITION 67
increased acids, increase in H, increase in CCO2, pH drops,
bicarbonate decreases
TERM 68
metabolic acidosis triggers increase in
respiratory rate and depth (kussmaul) bc
DEFINITION 68
body trys to rid excess co2/acidosisactetone breath- fruit
smell
TERM 69
6 nursing interventions for DKA
DEFINITION 69
monitor electrolytes esp KIV insulin- dont want rapid
decrease of blood insulin but a gradual oneI/Ovolume
replacementcorrect acidosisminitor blood gluce and BP bc
volume is decreased
TERM 70
with hyperglycemia, insulin IV pulls what back
into cells
DEFINITION 70
K
susceptible hosts depend on what,
environmental factors, invasive prod, alter in
flora effect
immune status
TERM 77
direct contact is indirect contact is
DEFINITION 77
break in skin, cathetersuniforms, stethoscopes, BP cuffs,
thermometers
TERM 78
microorg capable of producing disease
DEFINITION 78
pathogens
TERM 79
measles and TB are
DEFINITION 79
comminicable
TERM 80
UTIS are
DEFINITION 80
self limited
frequency in which a pathogen causes a
disease
virulence
TERM 82
pathogens that reside on or in tissues without
causing disease
DEFINITION 82
colonization
TERM 83
areas that get colonized on body are usually
what
DEFINITION 83
those in contact with environment- GI, trespiratory,
conjunctiva
TERM 84
small moelcules, peptides, proteins that are
produced by bacteria, capable of cause disea.
DEFINITION 84
toxins
TERM 85
toxins are developed wher
DEFINITION 85
within a living cell
4 body defense mechanisms for
infection
body tissuemacrophasedinflammationimmune system
TERM 92
cause
phagocytosis
DEFINITION 92
macrophages
TERM 93
leukocyytes- damanged cells release
enzymes that attract neutrophils (pus)
DEFINITION 93
inflammation
TERM 94
communication system for non self
DEFINITION 94
immune system
TERM 95
skin is
DEFINITION 95
acidic
mucous membranes like tears and saliva
contain what
lysozymes which dissolves cell walls of bacteria
TERM 97
hospital personal to prevent infection assess
patients by doing what
DEFINITION 97
check vital signslook at signs and symptoms
TERM 98
hospital personal to prevent infection
communicate findings through 4
DEFINITION 98
documentingreportroundsinfection control department to
nofity of poss infection or envir. factors
TERM 99
hospital personal to prevent infection educate
patients and famiilies through 3 ways
DEFINITION 99
preventing infectionsrecognizing symptomswhen and how to
report symptoms
TERM 100
person to person contact- skin and mm
DEFINITION 100
direct contact
