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ICC (EC) Soils 1 - 135 Exam Questions and Answers LATEST update Grade A+., Exams of Agricultural policy

ICC (EC) Soils 1 - 135 Exam Questions and Answers LATEST update Grade A+.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 05/19/2025

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ICC (EC) Soils - Material Testing (Edit),
Combined 2025 Exam For Agriculture
Graded 100% A+ Score Questions And
Answers.
The strength of a soil, or the ability to compact a soil into a suitable construction material will depend
on?
Soil type
Soil density
The amount of water in the soil
Types of soils
Gravel (mm to cm's in size)
Sand (mm in size)
Silt (fine particles with little cohesion)
Clay (has cohesion, can stick together)
Organic soils (peat, topsoil)
Organic soils (O)
Have a large componet of dead or decaying plants, and are not used in construction
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Download ICC (EC) Soils 1 - 135 Exam Questions and Answers LATEST update Grade A+. and more Exams Agricultural policy in PDF only on Docsity!

ICC (EC) Soils - Material Testing (Edit),

Combined 2025 Exam For Agriculture

Graded 100% A+ Score Questions And

Answers.

The strength of a soil, or the ability to compact a soil into a suitable construction material will depend on?

Soil type

Soil density

The amount of water in the soil

Types of soils

Gravel (mm to cm's in size)

Sand (mm in size)

Silt (fine particles with little cohesion)

Clay (has cohesion, can stick together)

Organic soils (peat, topsoil)

Organic soils (O)

Have a large componet of dead or decaying plants, and are not used in construction

Silt and Clay

Classified based on whether the soil is plastic (clay) or non-plastic (eg. can you roll it into a ball or string)

Gravel and Sand

are classified based on whether or not all the particles are roughly the same size (uniform, like a beach) or if there is a large variety in particle size (well-graded).

Soil layers

  1. (complex zone) 3 to 4m
  2. (glacio-lacustrine clay) 2-12m
  3. Glacial till, up to 9m in thickness
  4. Carbonate bedrock, the upper surface of which is often fractured, weathered and irrgular

Soil has two componets of strength

Cohesion (clay only)

Friction (when individual soil grains move across on another)

The three types of shear failure of soil are

general shear failure (bulging / tilting)

local shear failure (slight bulging)

Gravel ( >2 mm )

Sand ( 0.075 to 2 mm )

Silt ( 0.002 to 0.075 mm )

Clay ( <0.002 mm )

The particle size distribution of coarse-grained soils is typically determined by?

Mechanical sieve analysis

The particle size distribution of fine-grained soil is determined using a?

hydrometer analysis

Two parameters help to identify soils that are well-graded?

The Coefficient of Uniformity (Cu)

The Coefficient of Curvature (Cc)

The hydrometer analysis is used to determine the gradation of

slit and clay-sized particles.

Only soil particles passing the # 40 sieve (0.425) are used in the

hydrometer analysis

Hydrometer readings give us two things?

The specific gravity, or density, of the fluid tells us the % of material still in suspension.

The average downward velosity of the hydrometer can give us the diameter of the particle that is just coming out of solution.

The Swedish soil scientist, _____ , developed a method of quantitatively describing the effect of soil moisture on the consistency of fine-grained soils.

Albert Atterberg

Although Atterberg proposed five limits only the following three are in common useage today.

Liquid Limit

Plastic limit

Shrinkage limit

Only the Liquid Limit and Plastic Limit are normally used to?

classify soil plasticity

It is important to remember that all values related to the Atterberg limits are simply?

moisture content values

Atterberg Limits provide a means for classifying ___.

the plasticity of clay soil.

Plasticity is defined as

large deformations under constant stress with no change in volume.

The plasticity index (PI) is

the range of moisture contents over which the soil behaves as a plastic material.

Liquid Limit (LL) is

the moisture content above which soil behaves as a fluid.

Plastic Limit (PL) is

the moisture content below which the soil behaves as a plastic material

Shrinkage limit is

the moisture content below which the soil does not decrease in volume.

_____ is the most effective, economical, and widely used method of soil improvement and densification.

Compaction

The purpose of compaction is to

  • lower soil permeability
  • lower soil compressibility and minimize settlement
  • increase the strength or bearing capacity of soils.
  • improve resistance to erosion

Two compaction tests routinely carried out in the lab to obtain the maximum dry density and optimum moisture content of soils.

Standard Proctor test ( D 698 )

Modified Proctor test ( D 1557 )

Soil consists of

solid particles, air, and water

Types of weathering are

physical and chemical

Cobble _____ mm , _____ inch

60 to 200 , 3 to 12

Gravel _____ mm , _____ inch

2 to 60 ,

Sand _____ mm

0.075 mm to 2mm

Silt _____ mm

0.002 to 0.075 mm

Clay _____ mm

<0.002 mm

Coarse grained

cohesionless soils such as gravel and sand

Fine grained

Cohesive soils such as silt and clay

Organic solids contain

high natural organic content

Man-made

Created from human activities such as mineing, tiling, and landfill waste

What are the characteristics of gravel, sands and silts

cohesionless, non-plastic, and granular

What are the characteristics of clays

cohesive and plastic

What are the characteristics of organic soils

weak and deform excessively under load and should not be used as foundations

Landslides are a

type of slope failure or downward sediment

Particle Size Analysis is

Coarse Grained vs Fine Grained soils

Particle Size Curve Parameters

Effective particle size

Coefficient of Uniformity ( Cu )

Coefficient of Curvature ( Cc)

Defintion of well graded soil

Cu > 4 for gravel

Cu > 6 for sand

1 < Cc < 3 for gravel and sand

Noun - gravel, sand, silt, clay

35%

"and" gravel, and silt...

35%

adjective (ie gravelly, sandy, silty)

20 - 30%

"some" sand

10 - 20%

"trace"

1 - 10%

soil with 30% clay, 45% silt, 18% sand and 7% gravel

clayey silt, some sand, trace gravel

Void Ratio

e = Volume of voids / volume of soil

Porosity

n = Volume of voids / total volume

Yd = ( K1 x Pd ) = ( conversion constant x Dry Density )

unit weight (wet)

= weight total ( mass total * g ) / volume total

Moisture content

Mass of water / mass of solid

Specific Gravity

density of solid / density of water

Useful Relationship

e S = w G

p = [( Gs + eS ) / ( 1 + e )] / pwater

Set S =___ for psat

1

Set S = ____ for pdry

As e ___ density increases

decreases

As e _____ strength increases

decreases

As e ________ permeability

decreases

Cohesionless Soil ( gravel, sand )

Free running type of soil whose strength depends on friction between particles

Cohesive soil ( silt, clay )

Strength depends on surface tension for capillary water

Soil Classification

Is the arrangement of different soils with similar properties into groups that reflect soil physical and mechanical properties

D30^2 / ( D60 * D10 )

Well graded sand :

Cu > 6 and Cc = ( 1-3 ), otherwise, poorly graded

Well graded gravel :

Cu > 4 and Cc = ( 1-3 ), otherwise, poorly graded

Consistency of Cohesive Soil depends on :

Depends on the water content of the soil.

( At very low water contents, soil sample behaves like a solid )

( At very high water contents, may flow like a liquid)

soil water content, cohesive soil may be divided into 4 basic states :

  • solid ( Dry )
  • semi-solid ( Shrinkage Limit )
  • plastic ( Plastic Limit )
  • liquid ( Liquid Limit )

Plasticity Index ( PI )

PI = LL - PL

Liquid Limit Test ( LL )

The water content at which the soil will just close ( 0.5 in ) after 25 drops. ( WL for 25 drops )

Plastic Limit Test ( PL )

The water content at which soil crumbles when rolled into threads 3 mm ( 1/8 in ) in diameter.

Shrinkage Limit Test :

The water content of this sample if it is saturated with water at the same volume

GW

well graded gravel without fines (symbol)

GP

poorly graded gravel without fines (symbol)

SW

well graded sand without fines (symbol)