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Investigating the Effects of Temperature on the Permeability of Beet Root Cells, Study notes of Biology

An ib biology sl experiment investigating the impact of temperature on the permeability of beet root cells. Students will study how environmental stresses affect the membranes, leading to betacyanin leakage and color change. The objectives include describing temperature's effect on permeability and relating membrane structure theory to observations.

What you will learn

  • What is the role of the membranes in maintaining the living cell?
  • How does temperature affect the permeability of beet root cells?
  • How can the degree of membrane damage be determined by monitoring betacyanin leakage?

Typology: Study notes

2021/2022

Uploaded on 09/12/2022

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The Permeability of the Beet Root Membrane
IB Biology SL
Performed: Due:
Foreword
Permeability of a cell to solutes in an aqueous solution depends upon the physical
and chemical make-up of the membrane. The maintenance of the living cell depends
upon the continued presence and functioning of a selectively permeable membrane.
If the nature of the membrane is altered in any way, this may affect it’s permeability
and thus the properties of the cell of which it is a part. Irreversible changes in the
permeability of the membrane usually lead to the death of the cell. In this
experiment, we will study the effects of changes in the environmental conditions on
the permeability of living beet root cells.
Roots of beet (Beta vulgaris ) contain large amounts of a reddish pigment called
betacyanin, localized almost entirely in the large central vacuoles of the cells.
Betacyanin in healthy cells remains inside the vacuoles, surrounded by a vacuolar
membrane called a tonoplast. The entire cell is surrounded by a cellular or plasma
membrane. Environmental stresses can damage the membranes, allowing
betacyanin to leak through the tonoplast and plasma membrane. This leakage of
betacyanin will produce a red colour in the water surrounding the stressed beet.
Thus the degree of membrane damage can be determined by monitoring the
intensity of the colour leakage resulting from a treatment.
Objectives
By the end of this investigation the student should be able to:
1. Describe the effect of temperature on the permeability of beet root tissue.
2. Relate the theory of membrane structure as considered in class, with the
observations made during this activity.
Introduction:
Discuss the structure of the cell membrane as it relates to its permeability. You may
use figures or diagrams if they will aid in illustrating this structure [all figure must
be numbered, titled and referred to in the text of your work]. Include relevant
research information concerning the affect of the experimental treatments on the
permeability of plasma membranes. When refering to facts which are not general
knowledge, use the MLA style to cite the source of the information [ i.e. The cell
membrane consists of protein molecules embedded in a phospholipid bilayer
(Bretscher, 1985)]. There is no word minimum. (4 marks)
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The Permeability of the Beet Root Membrane

IB Biology SL Performed: Due:

Foreword

Permeability of a cell to solutes in an aqueous solution depends upon the physical and chemical make-up of the membrane. The maintenance of the living cell depends upon the continued presence and functioning of a selectively permeable membrane. If the nature of the membrane is altered in any way, this may affect it’s permeability and thus the properties of the cell of which it is a part. Irreversible changes in the permeability of the membrane usually lead to the death of the cell. In this experiment, we will study the effects of changes in the environmental conditions on the permeability of living beet root cells. Roots of beet ( Beta vulgaris ) contain large amounts of a reddish pigment called betacyanin , localized almost entirely in the large central vacuoles of the cells. Betacyanin in healthy cells remains inside the vacuoles, surrounded by a vacuolar membrane called a tonoplast. The entire cell is surrounded by a cellular or plasma membrane. Environmental stresses can damage the membranes, allowing betacyanin to leak through the tonoplast and plasma membrane. This leakage of betacyanin will produce a red colour in the water surrounding the stressed beet. Thus the degree of membrane damage can be determined by monitoring the intensity of the colour leakage resulting from a treatment.

Objectives

By the end of this investigation the student should be able to:

  1. Describe the effect of temperature on the permeability of beet root tissue.
  2. Relate the theory of membrane structure as considered in class, with the observations made during this activity. Introduction : Discuss the structure of the cell membrane as it relates to its permeability. You may use figures or diagrams if they will aid in illustrating this structure [all figure must be numbered, titled and referred to in the text of your work]. Include relevant research information concerning the affect of the experimental treatments on the permeability of plasma membranes. When refering to facts which are not general knowledge, use the MLA style to cite the source of the information [ i.e. The cell membrane consists of protein molecules embedded in a phospholipid bilayer (Bretscher, 1985)]. There is no word minimum. (4 marks)

Purpose : (2 marks) Hypothesis : (2 marks) Materials and Apparatus : (each group needs the following) 20 test tubes 2 - 250 ml beakers 1 thermometer 1 test tube holder 1 – 50 ml beaker 4 – 400 ml beakers 2 test tube rack beets 1 - 10 ml pipette 5 thermostatic water bath scalpel glass stirring rod safety goggles watch/clock colorimeter tap water 2 cuvettes GLX data recorder Procedure : [Refer to the procedure below and make note of changes only] (2 marks) Preparation of Beet Root Sections With the aid of a scalpel, remove both top vegetative potion and the base of a beet root (See Figure 1). Carefully bore out several cores of beet root tissue using a cork borer. Use a scalpel to slice the cylindrical cores into 5 mm sections. You will need a total of 3 sections for each temperature used in the lab. (Make every effort to cut the sections accurately). All of the sections should be placed in a beaker of distlled water at room temperature to remove the betacyanin from the injured cells on the surface. Note:. There will be 5 water baths set at different temperatures ( room temperature ( ___° C), 30° C, 40° C, 50°C, and 60 ° C ). Work in groups of 5. One or two members of each group will be responsible for for cutting the beet discs while the others will measure 10.0 ml of distilled water at the appropriate temperature into the labelled test tubes used. Two labelled test tube (2 trials per day) are placed into each of the 5 water baths for each group. Be sure that you can identify your groups test tubes

IB - Permeability of Beet Root Lab – Rating Scale

  • Introduction:
  • Purpose:
  • Hypothesis:
  • Method:
    • Raw Data Table: Observations:
    • Processed Data Table:
    • Scatter plot (Trend):
  • Conclusion
  • Improvements:
  • Work cited: - /